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中国毒理学会第六届全国毒理学大会

作者： melvin e andersen Chief Science Officer The Hamner Institutes for Health SciencesResearch Triangle Park

The past 50 years witnessed steadily increasing pressures to reduce animal testing in assessing the safety of chemicals and ***,the major concerns were ethical due to the large numbers of animals used in these *** european Union(eU) has maintained this strong emphasis on ethics,enacting reduction/elimination of animals for much toxicity testing into *** North America, there was a realization that a regulatory system layering in-life study on in-life study was costly,expensive and slow:there were too many chemicals requiring testing and too few resources to get the testing *** US environmental Protection Agency(ePA) proactively developed plans for increased use of computational and molecular/cellular technologies in their computational toxicology framework paper in 2004.A US National Academy of Sciences(NAS) committee in 2007 then recommended a new testing strategy that would require only in vitro test *** past 5 to 6 years has seen the completion of early phases of high throughput(HT) screening,appearance of new methods for comparing in vitro bioactivity results with anticipated human exposures,and a flurry of activity-research,scientific meetings, and product commercialization-to hasten change from in life *** talk emphasizes a group of initiatives to make in vitro test results sufficient for safety assessment and notes some of the looming challenges. The US ePA’s ToxCast efforts on HT-screening,HT-exposure assessment with evolving tools for HT-provisional risk assessment has provided data sets to ignite a broad debate on the future of these *** genomic approaches support both dose response and identification of modes of action of *** tools may permit a transitional tiered-approach,triaging out many chemicals before moving to in life *** Hamner,we are pursuing case studies of compounds with known modes of action in order to develop the full suite of tools necessary for safety assessment

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Toxicity Testing for the 21st Century

Toxicity Testing for the 21st Century

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全国生化/工业与卫生毒理学学术会议

作者： melvin e.andersen PhD Director Program in Chemical Safety Sciences The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences

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新一代风险科学的框架(续完)

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环境与职业医学 2015年第4期32卷 379-383页

作者： Daniel Krewski Margit Westphal melvin e. andersen Gregory M. Paoli Weihsueh A. Chiu Mustafa Al-Zoughool Maxine C. Croteau Lyle D. Burgoon Ila Cote 王晓宇张伊人汪源金泰廙 McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada Risk Sciences International Ottawa Ontario Canada Institute for Chemical Safety Sciences The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA National Center for environmental Assessment U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington DC USA 不详

5．2．5暴露评估目前，人类暴露评估主要基于人类环境中环境因素的测量水平（美国ePA，2010）；某些情况下，内部剂量测量值也可能通过生物监测（Hays和Aylward，2008）或药代动力学模型（Barton等，2007）获取。在NexGen方法中，暴露... 详细信息

5．2．5暴露评估目前，人类暴露评估主要基于人类环境中环境因素的测量水平（美国ePA，2010）；某些情况下，内部剂量测量值也可能通过生物监测（Hays和Aylward，2008）或药代动力学模型（Barton等，2007）获取。在NexGen方法中，暴露评估将更侧重通过先进的生物监测技术（NRC，2012）结合新高通量方法，获得大量环境因素暴露指标（Jones等，2012），从而直接测量人类关键的毒性通路扰动。

关键词：药代动力学模型科学风险人类环境 NexGen 环境因素生物监测监测技术

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新一代风险科学的框架(待续)

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环境与职业医学 2015年第3期32卷 284-287,F0004页

作者： Daniel Krewski Margit Westphal melvin e.andersen Gregory M.Paoli Weihsueh A.Chiu Mustafa Al-Zoughool Maxine C.Croteau Lyle D.Burgoon Ila Cote 王晓宇张伊人汪源金泰廙 McLaughlin Centre for Population Health Risk Assessment University of Ottawa Ottawa Ontario Canada Risk Sciences International Ottawa Ontario Canada Institute for Chemical Safety Sciences The Hamner Institutes for Health Sciences Research Triangle Park North Carolina USA National Center for environmental Assessment U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Washington DC USA 不详

[目的]2011年,美国环境保护署启动了Nex Gen项目,为下一代的风险科学建立了新的模式。[方法]Nex Gen框架建立于三个基石之上:由于基础生物学和毒理学的重要进展,人们获得了有关毒性通路的新数据;从人群健康角度来看,大多数的不良健康结... 详细信息

[目的]2011年,美国环境保护署启动了Nex Gen项目,为下一代的风险科学建立了新的模式。[方法]Nex Gen框架建立于三个基石之上:由于基础生物学和毒理学的重要进展,人们获得了有关毒性通路的新数据;从人群健康角度来看,大多数的不良健康结局均涉及数种影响因素;重新关注新型风险评估方法,以期更好地为风险管理决策提供信息。[结果]Nex Gen框架分为三个阶段:第一阶段(目标)重点关注问题的提出和范围,将风险背景和风险管理决策可选方案纳入考虑范畴;第二阶段(风险评估)旨在运用新的毒性检测工具和技术确定关键的毒理学通路的扰动,以及采用先进的风险评估方法去更好地描述风险及其不确定性;第三阶段(风险管理)包括采用合理的风险管理决策原则,发展符合法律规范、经济效益、合理建议、以社区为基础或高技术含量的循证人群健康风险管理策略。[结论]对一系列案例研究原型的分析表明,实践中已开始采用Nex Gen框架的诸多方面。

关键词：风险管理决策科学人群健康评估方法环境保护署基础生物学社区为基础影响因素

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The Bamble Sector,South Norway:A review

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第5期5卷 635-658页

作者： Timo G.Nijland Daniel e.Harlov Tom andersen TNO P.O.Box 49.2600 AA Delft.The Netherlands GeoForschungsZentrum Telegrafenberg14473 Potsdam.Germany Department of Geology.University of Johannesburg P.O.Box 524.Auckland Park 2006.South Africa Department of Geosciences.University of Oslo P.O.Box 1047.Blindern.0316 Oslo Norway

The Proterozoic Bamble Sector, South Norway, is one of the world＇s classic amphiboliteto granulite- facies transition zones. It is characterized by a well-developed isograd sequence, with isolated ＇granulite-facies islands＇ in the amphibolite-facies portion of the transition zone. The area is notable for the discovery of C02-dominated fluid inclusions in the granolite-facies rocks by Jacques Touter in the late 1960＇s, which triggered discussion of the role of carbonic fluids during granulite genesis. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the current state of knowledge of the Bamble Sector, with an emphasis on the Arendal-Froland-Nelaug-Tvedestrand area and off shore islands （most prominantly Tromay and Hisoy） where the transition zone is best developed. After a brief overview of the history of geological research and mining in the area, aspects of sedimentary, metamorphic and magmatic petrology of the Bamble Sector are discussed, including the role of fluids. Issues relevant to current geotectonic models for SW Scandinavia, directly related to the Bamble Sector, are discussed at the end of the review.

关键词： Bamble SectorSouth NorwayCharnockiteAmphibolire- ro granulire-facies transitionCO2BrinesPrecambrian

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Interactive effects of reproductive assets and ambient predation risk on the threat-sensitive decisions of Trinidadian guppies

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Current Zoology 2016年第3期62卷 221-226页

作者： Jemma KATWAROO-andersen Chris K. eLVIDGe Indar RAMNARINe Grant e. BROWN Department of Biology Concordia University 7141 Sherbrooke St. West Montreal QC H4B 1R6 Canada Department of Life Sciences University of the West Indies St. Augustine Trinidad and Tobago

Threat-sensitive behavioral trade-offs allow prey animals to balance the conflicting demands of successful predator detection and avoidance and a suite of fitness-related activities such as forag- ing, mating, and territorial defense. Here, we test the hypothesis that background predation level and reproductive status interact to determine the form and intensity of threat-sensitive behavioral decisions of wild-caught female Trinidadian guppies Poecilia reticulata. Gravid and nongravid gup- pies collected from high- and low-predation pressure populations were exposed to serial dilutions of conspecific chemical alarm cues. Our results demonstrate that there was ＇no effect of reproduct- ive status on the response of females originating from a low-predation population, with both gravid and nongravid guppies exhibiting strong anti-predator responses to the lowest concentration of alarm cues tested. Increasing cue concentrations did not result in increases in response intensity. Conversely, we found a significant effect of reproductive status among guppies from a high- predation population. Nongravid females from the high-predation population exhibited a strong graded （proportional） response to increasing concentrations of alarm cue. Gravid females from the same high-predation population, however, shifted to a nongraded response. Together, these re- sults demonstrate that accrued reproductive assets influence the threat-sensitive behavioral deci- sions of prey, but only under conditions of high-ambient predation risk.

关键词： asset protection antipredator behavior fitness trade-offs ecological uncertainty chemical alarm cues.

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Linking monitoring and modelling for river basin management:Danish experience with combating nutrient loadings to the aquatic environment from point and non-point sources

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2009年第11期52卷 3335-3347页

作者： KRONVANG Brian WINDOLF JФrgen GRANT Ruth andersen Hans e THODSeN Hans OVeSeN Niels B LARSeN SФren e National environmental Research Institute Aarhus University VejlsФvej 25 DK-8600 Silkeborg Denmark

Nationwide monitoring of the aquatic environment was initiated in 1988 in Denmark as a means to follow the outcome of the Action Plans for nutrient pollution of the aquatic environment. Five Action Plans have been adopted by the Danish Parliament since 1985 and the nationwide monitoring programme can be used to quantify the outcome as shown by reductions in nutrient discharges from both point and non-point sources. Moreover, the empirical experience gathered from nearly 20 years of monitoring is assisting the development and calibration of models for simulation of nitrogen leaching, nitrogen removal in groundwater and surface waters and the establishment of a P-index all covering the entire land area of Denmark.

关键词： nitrogen phosphorus monitoring data point sources non-point sources models Action Plans Danish experience

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Total Variation Based Parameter-Free Model for Impulse Noise Removal

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Numerical Mathematics(Theory,Methods and Applications) 2017年第1期10卷 186-204页

作者： Federica Sciacchitano Yiqiu Dong Martin S.andersen Department of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science Technical University of Denmark2800 Kgs.LyngbyDenmark

We propose a new two-phase method for reconstruction of blurred im-ages corrupted by impulse *** the first phase,we use a noise detector to iden-tify the pixels that are contaminated by noise,and then,in the second phase,we reconstruct the noisy pixels by solving an equality constrained total variation mini-mization problem that preserves the exact values of the noise-free *** images that are only corrupted by impulse noise(i.e.,not blurred)we apply the semismooth Newton’s method to a reduced problem,and if the images are also blurred,we solve the equality constrained reconstruction problem using a first-order primal-dual *** proposed model improves the computational efficiency(in the denoising case)and has the advantage of being regularization *** numerical results suggest that the method is competitive in terms of its restoration capabilities with respect to the other two-phase methods.

关键词： Image deblurring image denoising impulse noise noise detector primal-dual first-order algorithm semismooth Newton method total variation regularization

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Hard-thermal-loop QeD thermodynamics

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Chinese Physics C 2010年第9期34卷 1527-1529页

作者：苏楠 Jens O.andersen Michael Strickland Frankfurt Institute for Advanced Studies Department of Physics Norwegian University of Science and Technology Department of Physics Gettysburg College

The weak-coupling expansion for thermodynamic quantities in thermal field theories is poorly convergent unless the coupling constant is *** discuss the calculation of the free energy for a hot gas of electrons and photons to three-loop order using hard-thermal-loop perturbation theory （HTLpt）.We show that the hard-thermal-loop perturbation reorganization improves the convergence of the successive approximations to the QeD free energy at large coupling,e ～ *** reorganization is gauge invariant by construction,and due to the cancellations among various contributions,we obtain a completely analytic result for the resummed thermodynamic potential at three loops.

关键词： resummation hard-thermal-loop thermal field theory QeD free energy

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First steps in reconstructing early Jurassic sea water temperatures in the Andean Basin of northern Chile based on stable isotope analyses of oyster and brachiopod shells

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Journal of Palaeogeography 2020年第1期9卷 71-87页

作者： Matthias Alberti Franz T.Fürsich Nils andersen Institut für Geowissenschaften Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu KielLudewig-Meyn-Straβe 1024118 KielGermany GeoZentrum Nordbayern Fachgruppe PalaoUmweltFriedrich-Alexander-Universitat Erlangen-NürnbergLoewenichstraβe 2891054 ErlangenGermany Leibniz Laboratory for Radiometric Dating and Stable Isotope Research Christian-Albrechts-Universitat zu KielMax-Eyth-Straβe 1124118 KielGermany

The stable isotope(δ13 C,δ18 O)composition of a collection of Lower Jurassic brachiopods and oysters from the Andean Basin of northern Chile was *** results allow the first reconstruction of absolute water temperatures for several ammonite zones in the Lower Jurassic of South *** temperature record starts with comparatively high values in the Late Sinemurian(average:27.0℃;Raricostatum Zone).Just before the Sinemurian–Pliensbachian transition,temperatures dropped to an average of 24.3℃.The lowest temperature value in the dataset was recorded for a brachiopod shell of the latest Pliensbachian Spinatum Zone(19.6℃).No data are available for the early Toarcian,but results for the late Toarcian show again comparatively warm conditions(average:24.4℃;Thouarsense–Levesquei zones).even though more material and analyses are necessary to corroborate the recorded temperatures,the present dataset seems to indicate the global nature of the Late Pliensbachian Cooling *** contrast,the global warming during the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic event has not been recorded due to a lack of early Toarcian ***δ13 C record of brachiopods and oysters documents a gradual increase in values representing background *** shells were used for high-resolution stable isotope analyses and show seasonal temperature fluctuations over a period of around 3 years in the life time of the *** explained only by temperatures,theδ18 O values point to a minimum estimate for the seasonality in the late Toarcian of slightly more than 3℃.

关键词： early Jurassic Chile Stable isotopes Palaeoclimate Water temperatures Seasonality

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