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Wet Pressing Models to Reduce Energy Consumption in Papermaking

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Paper And Biomaterials 2019年第1期4卷 1-6页

作者： j.David mcdonald Richard j.Kerekes j.e R.Zhao j.McD Consulting Inc. Vaudreuil-Dorion Quebec J7V 0G1 Canada Pulp and Paper Centre the University of British Columbia Vancouver BC V6T 1Z4 Canada Tri-Y Environmental Research Institute Vancouver BC V5M 3H9 Canada

Improved wet pressing reduces the need for drying and consequently energy needed in papermaking. Accordingly, it is desirable to optimize wet pressing, but the process is very complex with many interacting variables. It is therefore desirable to employ a mathematical model that accounts for the maj.r variables to estimate the effects of changes in equipment and operating variables. This paper descibes such a model called the Decreasing Permeability Model (DPM). Mill and pilot plant applications over a wide range of basis weights for paper and paper board are described.

关键词： wet pressing Decreasing Permeability Model (DPM) papermaking water removal rewet mathemeitical model

A Comprehensive Evaluation of Tourism Climate Suitability in Qinghai Province, China

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j.urnal of Mountain Science 2012年第3期9卷 403-413页

作者： TANG Chengcai ZHONG Linshen KRISTEN mcdonald CHENG Shengkui Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China China Rivers Proj.ct OR 97405USA

Qinghai Province is an important component of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau in China. Scientific evaluation of the suitability of Qinghai's climate for tourism can contribute to overcoming obstacles posed by climate on sustainable tourism development in Qinghai Province, including disparities between the low and high seasons, high altitude health concerns, and weather events. A tourism climate suitability evaluation model of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau is constructed (Tourism Climate Suitability Index, or TCSI), and tourism climate suitability is comprehensively evaluated for Qinghai Province from climate data from 1960 to 2009. Results show that: (I) There is clear distributional characteristics of spatial-temporal variability of TCSI values in Qinghai Province. (II) Tourism climate suitability in Qinghai Province has significant seasonal and regional differences. The year is divided into a very suitable period (j.ly and August), suitable tourism periods (from April and October), less suitable periods (From Nov to Mar). j.ne to August is the most suitable tourism period in Qinghai. Qinghai Province is divided into five levels of tourism climate suitability: most suitable regions, very suitable regions, suitable regions, less suitable regions, and unsuitable region. (III) The key factor which influences regional differences in tourism climatic suitability is atmospheric oxygen. And the key factors which chiefly influence seasonal differences of tourism climate suitability are temperature and humidity, the wind chill factor, and barrier weather.

关键词： Tourism climate Tourism climatesuitability index (TCSI) Comprehensive evaluation Qinghai Province Qinghai-Tibet Plateau China

Neurological heterotopic ossification:novel mechanisms,prognostic biomarkers and prophylactic therapies

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Bone Research 2020年第4期8卷 379-392页

作者： Ker Rui Wong Richelle Mychasiuk Terence j.O’Brien Sandy R.Shultz Stuart j.mcdonald Rhys D.Brady Department of Neuroscience Central Clinical SchoolMonash UniversityMelbourneVICAustralia Department of Medicine Royal Melbourne HospitalThe University of MelbourneParkvilleVICAustralia Department of Physiology Anatomy and MicrobiologySchool of Life SciencesLa Trobe UniversityBundooraVICAustralia

Neurological heterotopic ossification(NHO)is a debilitating condition where bone forms in soft tissue,such as muscle surrounding the hip and knee,following an inj.ry to the brain or spinal *** abnormal formation of bone can result in nerve impingement,pain,contractures and impaired *** are often diagnosed with NHO after the bone tissue has completely mineralised,leaving invasive surgical resection the only remaining treatment *** resection of NHO creates potential for added complications,particularly in patients with concomitant inj.ry to the central nervous system(CNS).Although recent work has begun to shed light on the physiological mechanisms involved in NHO,there remains a significant knowledge gap related to the prognostic biomarkers and prophylactic treatments which are necessary to prevent NHO and optimise patient *** article reviews the current understanding pertaining to NHO epidemiology,pathobiology,biomarkers and treatment *** particular,we focus on how concomitant CNS inj.ry may drive ectopic bone formation and discuss considerations for treating polytrauma patients with *** conclude that understanding of the pathogenesis of NHO is rapidly advancing,and as such,there is the strong potential for future research to unearth methods capable of identifying patients likely to develop NHO,and targeted treatments to prevent its manifestation.

关键词： such has likely

A machine learning approach for regional geochemical data:Platinum-group element geochemistry vs geodynamic settings of the North Atlantic Igneous Province

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Geoscience Frontiers 2021年第3期12卷 42-59页

作者： j.rdan j.Lindsay Hannah S.R.Hughes Christopher M.Yeomans j.ns C.Ø.Andersen Iain mcdonald Camborne School of Mines University of ExeterPenryn CampusPenrynCornwall TR109FEUnited Kingdom School of Earth and Ocean Sciences Main CollegeCardiff UniversityPark PlaceCardiff CF103ATUnited Kingdom

Whilst traditional approaches to geochemistry provide valuable insights into magmatic processes such as melting and element fractionation,by considering entire regional data sets on an obj.ctive basis using machine learning algorithms(MLAs),we can highlight new facets within the broader data structure and significantly enhance previous geochemical *** platinum-group element(PGE)budget of lavas in the North Atlantic Igneous Province(NAIP)has been shown to vary systematically according to age,geographic location and geodynamic *** the large multi-element geochemical data set available for the region,MLAs were employed to explore the magmatic controls on these shifting *** key advantage of using machine learning in analysis is its ability to cluster samples across multi-dimensional(i.e.,multi-element)*** NAIP data set is manipulated using Principal Component Analysis(PCA)and t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbour Embedding(t-SNE)techniques to increase separability in the data alongside clustering using the k-means *** new multi-element classification is compared to the original geographic classification to assess the performance of both *** workflow provides a means for creating an obj.ctive high-dimensional investigation on a geochemical data set and particularly enhances the identification of metallogenic anomalies across the *** techniques used highlight three distinct multi-element end-members which successfully capture the variability of the maj.rity of elements included as input *** end-members are seen to fluctuate in prominence throughout the NAIP,which we propose reflects the changing geodynamic environment and melting ***,the variability of Pt and Pd are not reflected in MLA-based clustering trends,suggesting that they vary independently through controls not readily demonstrated by the NAIP maj.r or trace element data structure(i.e.,other proxies for magmatic differe

关键词： Platinum-group elements Machine learning Plume Geochemistry Metallogenesis Mantle

Fusarium pseudograminearum and *** affect the root system architecture of bread wheat

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作物学报：英文版 2023年第1期11卷 316-321页

作者： Ahmed Saad j.ck Christopher Anke Martin Stephen mcdonald Cassandra Percy Centre for Crop Health University of Southern QueenslandToowoombaQLD 4350Australia University of Queensland Queensland Alliance for Agriculture and Food Innovation(QAAFI)Leslie Research FacilityToowoombaQLD 4350Australia

Yield losses of bread wheat due to crown rot can be more severe when drought conditions occur during the grain-filling *** architecture characteristics are important for soil exploration and belowground resource acquisition and are essential for adaptation to water-limited *** such as root angle,length and density have been strongly associated with acquisition efficiency and contribute to yield stability of the *** impact of crown rot pathogens on wheat root architecture is poorly *** examined differences in root angle,length and number,as well as dry root weight of the crown rot-susceptible bread wheat cultivar,Livingston inoculated with one of two crown rot pathogens Fusarium culmorum or Fusarium pseudograminearum in a transparent-sided root observation *** adverse impacts on plant health and growth were revealed by visual discolouration of the leaf sheaths;fresh and dry shoot weight;leaf area of the oldest and the youngest fully expanded leaf and leaf *** of most recorded root system measurements were reduced when inoculated with either *** or *** contrast,root angle was increased in the presence of *** but was not significantly changed by *** development of whiteheads and grain losses in bread wheat caused by crown rot have previously been associated with blockages of the vascular *** method employed here was able to identify differences in the pathogen impacts on roots,which were not detected using previous *** research indicates that in the presence of *** and *** infection,not only reductions in the size and biomass of the shoot system but also changes in the length,biomass and architecture of the root system could play an important role in yield loss.

关键词： Crown rot Root characteristics Livingston Wheat

Management disclosure of risk factors and COVID‑19

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Financial Innovation 2023年第1期9卷 1557-1565页

作者： Tim Loughran Bill mcdonald University of Notre Dame Notre DameUSA

Public companies in the United States are required to file annual reports(i.e.,Form 10-K)and disclose,among other things,the risk factors that may harm their stock *** risk of a pandemic was well-known before the recent crisis,and we now know that the initial impact on many shareholders was significant and *** what extent did managers forewarn their shareholders about this valuation risk?We examine all 10-K filings from 2018,before any knowledge of the current pandemic,and find that less than 21%of them contain any reference to pandemic-related *** the management’s presumed in-depth knowledge of their business and the general awareness that pandemics have been identified as a significant global risk for at least the past decade,this number should have been *** find an unexpectedly posi-tive correlation(0.137)between the use of pandemic-related words in annual reports and realized stock returns during the actual pandemic at the industry *** industries most severely impacted by COVID-19 barely mentioned pandemic risk in their financial disclosures to shareholders,indicating that managers were ineffective in highlighting their exposure to pandemic risks to investors.

关键词： Pandemic COVID-19 Form 10-K Risk factors

j.int Statement on COVID-19

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Engineering 2021年第3期7卷 273-274页

作者： Xiaohong Li j.m mcdonald j.hn L.Anderson Presidents of Chinese Aeademy of Einginering(CAE)Royal Amdemy of Ergineering(RAErg) and US national Academy of Engineering(NAE)

Advances in engineering and technology have played an indispensable role in shaping social and economic development.A host of new global challenges have appeared,though,that must be addressed through engineering education,research,and *** address such challenges,the national academies of engineering of China,the United Kingdom,and the United States have j.intly sponsored four Global Grand Challenges Summits(GGCS)since *** GGCS were launched to accelerate global engage-ment on the Grand Challenges for Engineering-14 goals for improving life on the planet-and encourage international collabo-rations to achieve them.

关键词： j.intly Grand planet

Sino-U.S. partnerships in research, education, and patient care：The experience of the University of Pittsburgh and UPMC

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Science China(Life Sciences) 2017年第10期60卷 1150-1156页

作者： S.Levine Margaret C.mcdonald Charles E.Bogosta University of Pittsburgh Schools of the Health Sciences Pittsburgh PA 15261 USA University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC) Pittsburgh PA 15219 USA

In 2011, the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine(UPSOM) and Tsinghua University formed a partnership to further the education of Tsinghua medical students. These students come to UPSOM as visiting research scholars for two years of their eight-year MD curriculum. During this time, the students, who have completed four years at Tsinghua, work full-time in medical school laboratories and research programs of their choice, essentially functioning as graduate students. In their first two months in Pittsburgh, the scholars have a one-week orientation to biomedical research, followed by two-week rotations in four labs selected on the basis of the scholars' scientific interests, after which they choose one of these labs for the remainder of the two *** labs may be in basic science departments, basic science divisions of clinical departments, or specialized centers that focus on approaches like simulation and modeling. The Tsinghua students also have a brief exposure to clinical medicine. UPSOM has also formed a similar partnership with Central South University Xiangya School of Medicine in Changsha, Hunan Province. The Xiangya students come to UPSOM for two years of research training after their sixth year and, thus, unlike the Tsinghua students,have already completed their clinical rotations. UPSOM faculty members have also paved the way for UPMC(University of Pittsburgh Medical Center), UPSOM's clinical partner, to engage with clinical centers in China. Maj.r relationships involving advisory, training, managerial, and/or equity roles exist with Xiangya International Medical Center, KingMED Diagnostics, First Chengmei Medical Industry Group, and Macare Women's Hospital. Both UPSOM and UPMC are actively exploring other clinical and academic opportunities in China.

关键词： medical education research training partnership

Muscle recruitment patterns and saddle pressure indexes with alterations in effective seat tube angle

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2022年第1期4卷 29-37页

作者： Reece mcdonald Wendy Holliday j.roen Swart Department of Human Biology Faculty of Health SciencesUniversity of Cape TownSouth Africa

Alteration of the effective seat tube angle(ESTA)may affect muscle activation patterns of the lower limbs in *** is conflicting evidence due to inadequate kinematic controls in previous *** primary aim of this study was to determine the muscle activity of seven lower limb muscles during alterations of the ESTA by altering the position of both the handlebars and saddle forwards or backwards by 3 cm while ensuring controlled ***,to determine the effect on the saddle pressure *** participants performed two 5 min electromyography(EMG)trials at 70%of peak power output(PPO)for three consecutive *** was a significant increase in muscle activity in the biceps femoris,gluteus maximus,and medial gastrocnemius with reductions in ESTA while a significant increase in tibialis anterior with increases in ESTA was *** pressure indices demonstrated a significant change in frontal versus back pressure as well as mean pubic pressure with changes in *** in the ESTA affects muscle activity in some,but not all of the lower limb *** research needs to be conducted to adequately understand the mechanism behind the differences in muscle activation.

关键词： EMG Muscle recruitment Seat tube angle Pressure mapping