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Promising applications of D-amino acids in periprosthetic joint infection

Bone Research 2023年第2期11卷 248-272页

作者： Matthew Caldwell Megan Hughes Fei Wei Christopher Ngo Raven Pascua Abinaya Sindu Pugazhendhi melanie j.coathup Biionix Cluster&College of Medicine University of Central FloridaBlvdOrlandoFL32827USA School of Biosciences Cardiff UniversityCF103AT WalesUK Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences College of MedicineUniversity of Central Florida6900 Lake NonaBlvdOrlandoFL32827USA

Due to the rise in our aging population,a disproportionate demand for total joint arthroplasty(TjA)in the elderly is *** joint infection(PjI)represents one of the most challenging complications that can occur following TjA,and as the number of primary and revision TjAs continues to rise,an increasing PjI burden is *** advances in operating room sterility,antiseptic protocols,and surgical techniques,approaches to prevent and treat PjI remain difficult,primarily due to the formation of microbial *** difficulty motivates researchers to continue searching for an effective antimicrobial *** dextrorotatory-isoforms of amino acids(D-AAs)are essential components of peptidoglycan within the bacterial cell wall,providing strength and structural integrity in a diverse range of *** many tasks,D-AAs regulate cell morphology,spore germination,and bacterial survival,evasion,subversion,and adhesion in the host immune *** administered exogenously,accumulating data have demonstrated that D-AAs play a pivotal role against bacterial adhesion to abiotic surfaces and subsequent biofilm formation;furthermore,D-AAs have substantial efficacy in promoting biofilm *** presents D-AAs as promising and novel targets for future therapeutic *** their emerging antibacterial efficacy,their role in disrupting PjI biofilm formation,the disassembly of established TjA biofilm,and the host bone tissue response remains largely *** review aims to examine the role of D-AAs in the context of *** to date suggest that D-AA bioengineering may serve as a promising future strategy in the prevention and treatment of PjI.

关键词： prevention spite furthermore

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Changes in interstitial fluid flow,mass transport and the bone cell response in microgravity and normogravity

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Bone Research 2022年第4期10卷 696-714页

作者： Fei Wei Kendal Flowerdew Michael Kinzel Luigi EPerotti jackson Asiatico Mahmoud Omer Candice Hovell Veerle Reumers melanie j.coathup Biionix Cluster Department of Internal MedicineCollege of MedicineUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFLUSA Marian University College of Osteopathic Medicine IndianapolisINUSA Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Central FloridaOrlandoFLUSA Imec USA 194 NeoCity WyOrlandoFLUSA

In recent years,our scientific interest in spaceflight has grown exponentially and resulted in a thriving area of research,with hundreds of astronauts spending months of their time in space.A recent shift toward pursuing territories farther afield,aiming at near-Earth asteroids,the Moon,and Mars combined with the anticipated availability of commercial flights to space in the near future,warrants continued understanding of the human physiological processes and response mechanisms when in this extreme *** skeletal loss,more severe than any bone loss seen on Earth,has significant implications for deep space exploration,and it remains elusive as to why there is such a magnitude of difference between bone loss on Earth and loss in *** removal of gravity eliminates a critical primary mechano-stimulus,and when combined with exposure to both galactic and solar cosmic radiation,healthy human tissue function can be negatively *** additional effect found in microgravity,and one with limited insight,involves changes in dynamic fluid *** provide the most fundamental way to transport chemical and biochemical elements within our bodies and apply an essential mechano-stimulus to ***,the cell cytoplasm is not a simple liquid,and fluid transport phenomena together with viscoelastic deformation of the cytoskeleton play key roles in cell *** microgravity,flow behavior changes drastically,and the impact on cells within the porous system of bone and the influence of an expanding level of adiposity are not well *** review explores the role of interstitial fluid motion and solute transport in porous bone under two different conditions:normogravity and microgravity.

关键词： flow flow apply

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Structural and electrical properties of carbon-ion-implanted ultrananocrystalline diamond films

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Chinese Physics B 2018年第9期27卷 426-433页

作者： Hui Xu jian-jun Liu Hai-Tao Ye D j.coathup A V Khomich Xiao-jun Hu College of Materials Science and Engineering Zhejiang University of Technology Hangzhou 310014 China Aston Institute of Materials Research School of Engineering and Applied Science Aston University Birmingham B4 7ET United Kingdom V. A. Kotelnikov Institute of Radio-Engineering and Electronics Russian Academy of Sciences Moscow 14l 190 Russia National Research Nuclear University MEPhI Moscow Russia

We investigate the structural and electrical properties of carbon-ion-implanted ultrananocrystalline diamond（UNCD）films. Impedance spectroscopy measurements show that the impedance of diamond grains is relatively stable, while that of grain boundaries（GBs）（Rb） significantly increases after the C~＋ implantation, and decreases with the increase in the annealing temperature（Ta） from 650℃ to 1000℃. This implies that the C~＋ implantation has a more significant impact on the conductivity of GBs. Conductive atomic force microscopy demonstrates that the number of conductive sites increases in GB regions at Ta above 900℃, owing to the formation of a nanographitic phase confirmed by high-resolution transmission electronic microscopy. Visible-light Raman spectra show that resistive trans-polyacetylene oligomers desorb from GBs at Ta above 900℃, which leads to lower Rb of samples annealed at 900 and 1000℃. With the increase in Ta to 1000℃, diamond grains become smaller with longer GBs modified by a more ordered nanographitic phase, supplying more conductive sites and leading to a lower Rb.

关键词： ultrananocrystalline diamond C-ion implantation annealing electrical properties

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A novel approach for the prevention of ionizing radiation-induced bone loss using a designer multifunctional cerium oxide nanozyme

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Bioactive Materials 2023年第3期21卷 547-565页

作者： Fei Wei Craig j.Neal Tamil Selvan Sakthivel Yifei Fu Mahmoud Omer Amitava Adhikary Samuel Ward Khoa Minh Ta Samuel Moxon Marco Molinari jackson Asiatico Michael Kinzel Sergey N.Yarmolenko Vee San Cheong Nina Orlovskaya Ranajay Ghosh Sudipta Seal melanie coathup Biionix Cluster Department of Internal MedicineCollege of MedicineUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFLUSA Advanced Materials Processing and Analysis Centre Nanoscience Technology Center(NSTC)Materials Science and EngineeringCollege of MedicineUniversity of Central FloridaOrlandoFLUSA CMC Materials 870 North CommonsDrAuroraILUSA Department of Chemistry Oakland UniversityRochesterMIMIUSA School of Applied Sciences Department of Chemical SciencesUniversity of HuddersfieldUK Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering University of Central FloridaOrlandoFLUSA Engineering Research Center for Revolutionizing Biomaterials North Carolina A&T UniversityGreensboroNCUSA Department of Automatic Control and Systems Engineering Insigneo Institute for In Silico MedicineUniversity of SheffieldSheffieldS13JDUK

The disability,mortality and costs due to ionizing radiation(IR)-induced osteoporotic bone fractures are sub-stantial and no effective therapy *** radiation increases cellular oxidative damage,causing an imbalance in bone turnover that is primarily driven via heightened activity of the bone-resorbing *** demonstrate that rats exposed to sublethal levels of IR develop fragile,osteoporotic *** reactive surface sites,cerium ions have the ability to easily undergo redox cycling:drastically adjusting their electronic con-figurations and versatile catalytic *** properties make cerium oxide nanomaterials *** show that an engineered artificial nanozyme composed of cerium oxide,and designed to possess a higher fraction of trivalent(Ce^(3+))surface sites,mitigates the IR-induced loss in bone area,bone architecture,and *** investigations also demonstrate that our nanozyme furnishes several mechanistic avenues of protection and selectively targets highly damaging reactive oxygen species,protecting the rats against IR-induced DNA damage,cellular senescence,and elevated osteoclastic activity in vitro and in ***,we reveal that our nanozyme is a previously unreported key regulator of osteoclast formation derived from macrophages while also directly targeting bone progenitor cells,favoring new bone formation despite its exposure to harmful levels of IR in *** findings open a new approach for the specific prevention of IR-induced bone loss using synthesis-mediated designer multifunctional nanomaterials.

关键词： Ionizing radiation Osteoporosis Nanozyme Cerium oxide Bone strength Bone resorption

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