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Effects of the Partial Replacement of Soybean Meal by Insect or Algae Meal in Chicken Diets with Graded Amino Acid Supply on Parameters of Gut Microbiology and Dietary Protein Quality

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Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2018年第3期8卷 259-279页

作者： Susanne Velten Carmen neumann Jenny Schafer Frank Liebert Division Animal Nutrition Physiology Department of Animal SciencesGeorg-August-University of GoettingenGoettingenGermany Division Microbiology and Animal Hygiene Department of Animal SciencesGeorg-August-University of GoettingenGoettingenGermany

Insects or algae are considered future solutions to substitute imported feed proteins like soybean meal (SBM) in animal nutrition. The objective of this research, as part of the multidisciplinary project “Sustainability transitions”, focused on replacing 50% SBM by partly defatted larvae meal from black soldier flies (Hermetia illucens) or the blue-green algae Spirulina platensis in meat type chicken diets. The current study aimed to evaluate the effects on body composition, protein quality, apparent precaecal digestibility (apcD) and parameters of intestinal microbiota. In total, 288 one-day-old male growing chickens (Ross 308) from a commercial hatchery were randomly allotted to 48 pens (6 birds per pen) across five diets, which were fed at a free choice level. The control diet utilized SBM, wheat and corn as main ingredients, and experimental diets replaced 50% of SBM by the alternative proteins under study. Amino acid (AA) supplementation of the final diets was conducted both at a basic level (diets HM, SM;Lys and Met added equal to the control diet) and an extended level of AA fortification (diets HM+, SM+;extended supplementation of Lys, Met, Thr, Arg). After finishing the growth study, 4 individual birds per diet were slaughtered for whole body analyses to derive nutrient utilization and dietary protein quality parameters. Additionally, pooled chyme samples from 16 birds per diet (control, HM and SM) were analyzed to assess apcD and microbial parameters. Diets HM and SM with a basic level of AA fortification led to significant depressions in nutrient deposition and dietary protein quality. However, HM+ and SM+ diets with an extended level of AA supplementation led to significantly improved responses;however these were still generally not on par with the control diet. The HM+ diet provided superior CP deposition and dietary protein quality, as compared to the SM+ diet, but equal to the control diet. Results of gut microbiology yielded no significant effects du

关键词： Growing Chickens N Utilization Model Body Analyses Feed Protein Quality Gut Microbiology Precaecal Digestibility Spirulina platensis Hermetia illucens

Effect of ultraviolet photofunctionalization of dental titanium implants on osseointegration

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2018年第7期19卷 525-534页

作者： Christian MEHL Matthias KERN Friederike neumann Telse BAHR Jorg WILTFANG Volker GASSLING Department of Prosthodontics Propaedeutics and Dental Materials Christian-Albrechts University at KielArnold-Heller-Straβe 16. 24105 Kiel Germany Private Practice Lassabeker Weg 3 24211 Lehmkuhlen Germany Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Christian-Albrechts University at Kiel Arnold-Heller-Straβe 16 24105 Kiel Germany

Objective： The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of ultraviolet（UV） photofunctionalization of dental titanium implants with exposure to the oral cavity on osseointegration in an animal model. Methods： Forty-eight titanium implants（Camlog~？ Conelog~？ 4.3 mmx9.0 mm） were placed epicrestally into the edentulous jaws of three minipigs and implant stability was assessed by measuring the implant stability quotient（ISQ）. Prior to implantation half of the implants were photofunctionalized with intense UV-light. After three months, the implants were exposed and ISQ was measured again. After six months of implant exposure, the minipigs were sacrificed and the harvested specimens were analyzed using histomorphometric, light, and fluorescence microscopy. Main results： Forty-two of 48 implants osseointegrated. The overall mean bone-implant contact area（BIC） was（64±22）%. No significant differences were found in BIC or ISQ value（multivariate analysis of variance（MANOVA）, P〉0.05） between implants with and without exposure to UV photofunctionalization. Conclusions： No significant effects were observed on osseointegration of dental titanium implants nine months after exposure of UV photofunctionalization.

关键词： Dental implant Osseointegration Photofunctionalization

On the thermodynamics of aggregation toward phosphorescent metallomesogens:From electronic tuning to supramolecular design

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Aggregate

Aggregate 2024年第3期5卷 164-174页

作者： Matias E.Gutierrez Suburu Meik Blanke Leon Geerkens Alexander HeppIván Maisuls Jutta KöstersThorben neumann Jens Voskuhl Michael Giese Cristian A.Strassert Institut für Anorganische und Analytische Chemie Universität MünsterMünsterGermany CeNTech SoNCiMICUniversität MünsterMunsterGermany Organic Chemistry University of Duisburg-EssenEssenGermany

Two series with three Pt(II)complexes each(PtLPh-n,PtLFpy-n)bearing asymmet-ric tetradentate ligands as dianionic luminophores with variable alkyl chain lengths were ***,each ligand series is distinguished by one of its cyclomet-allating rings(phenyl vs.2,6-diﬂuoropyrid-3-yl).Steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence spectroscopic studies in diluted solutions at room temperature and in glassy matrices at 77 K show that the emissive state is mainly centered on the invariantly electron-rich cyclometalated side while the second ring regulates the admixture of ligand-centered and metal-to-ligand charge-transfer ***,the radiative rates can be controlled,as indicated by quantum-mechanical calcula-tions,which also explain the temperature-dependent trend in the phosphorescence rate *** in condensed phases(single-crystal X-ray diffractometry,polarized optical microscopy,differential scanning calorimetry,steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence micro(spectro)scopy)showed the development of a smectic A mesophase for theﬂuorinated species bearing the two longest alkyl *** magnetic resonance-based studies on the thermodynamics of aggre-gation in solution conﬁrm the marked enthalpic stabilization of aggregates mediated by the polar 2,6-diﬂuoropyrid-3-yl moiety(and to a lesser extent by dispersive forces between the alkyl chains).On the other hand,the negative entropy of aggregation is dominated by the restriction of degrees of freedom involving the peripheral alkyl moieties upon stacking,which becomes increasingly relevant for longer *** these factors control coupling,a crucial interaction for the design of Pt⋅⋅⋅Ptphotofunctional mesogens based on Pt(II)complexes.

关键词： aggregation metallomesogens organometallic synthesis phosphorescence photophysics supramolecu-lar chemistry

Regularization by Intrinsic Plasticity and Its Synergies with Recurrence for Random Projection Methods

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Journal of Intelligent Learning Systems and Applications 2012年第3期4卷 230-246页

作者： Klaus neumann Christian Emmerich Jochen J. Steil Research Institute for Cognition and Robotics (CoR-Lab) Bielefeld University Bielefeld Germany.

Neural networks based on high-dimensional random feature generation have become popular under the notions extreme learning machine (ELM) and reservoir computing (RC). We provide an in-depth analysis of such networks with respect to feature selection, model complexity, and regularization. Starting from an ELM, we show how recurrent connections increase the effective complexity leading to reservoir networks. On the contrary, intrinsic plasticity (IP), a biologically inspired, unsupervised learning rule, acts as a task-specific feature regularizer, which tunes the effective model complexity. Combing both mechanisms in the framework of static reservoir computing, we achieve an excellent balance of feature complexity and regularization, which provides an impressive robustness to other model selection parameters like network size, initialization ranges, or the regularization parameter of the output learning. We demonstrate the advantages on several synthetic data as well as on benchmark tasks from the UCI repository providing practical insights how to use high-dimensional random networks for data processing.

关键词： Extreme Learning Machine Reservoir Computing Model Selection Feature Selection Model Complexity Intrinsic Plasticity Regularization

Laparoscopic hepatectomy reduces postoperative complications and hospital stay in overweight and obese patients

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2021年第1期13卷 19-29页

作者： Daniel Heise Jan Bednarsch Andreas Kroh Sandra Schipper Roman Eickhoff Marielle Coolsen Ronald Van Dam Sven Lang Ulf neumann Florian Ulmer Department of Surgery and Transplantation University Hospital RWTH AachenAachen 52074Germany Department of Surgery Maastricht University Medical CenterMaastricht 6229 HXNetherlands

BACKGROUND Laparoscopic liver surgery is currently considered the standard of care for various liver ***,studies focusing on perioperative outcome after laparoscopic hepatectomy(LH)in overweight patients are still sparse and its benefit compared to open hepatectomy(OH)is a matter of *** To analyze postoperative outcomes in overweight[body mass index(BMI)over 25 kg/m²]and obese(BMI over 30 kg/m²)patients undergoing LH and compare postoperative outcome with patients undergoing *** Perioperative data of 68 overweight(BMI over 25 kg/m²)including a subcohort of obese(BMI over 30 kg/m²)patients(n=27)who underwent LH at our institution between 2015 and 2019 were retrospectively analyzed regarding surgical outcome and compared to an equal number of patients undergoing *** The mean BMI was 29.8±4.9 kg/m2 in the LH group and 29.7±3.6 kg/m2 in the OH group with major resections performed in 20.6%(LH)and 26.5%(OH)of cases,*** time(194±88 min vs 275±131 min;P<0.001)as well as intensive care(0.8±0.7 d vs 1.1±0.8 d;P=0.031)and hospital stay(7.3±3.6 d vs 15.7±13.5 d;P<0.001)were significant shorter in the LH ***,overall complications(20.6%vs 45.6%;P=0.005)and major complications(1.5%vs 14.7%,P=0.002)were observed less frequently after *** additional investigation analyzing the subgroup of obese patients who underwent LH(n=27)and OH(n=29)showed a shorter operative time(194±81 min vs 260±137 min;P=0.009)and a reduced length of hospitalization(7.7±4.3 d vs 17.2±17 d;P<0.001)but no difference in postoperative complications or overall *** LH is safe and cost-effective in overweight and obese ***,LH is significantly associated with fewer postoperative complications and reduced hospital stay compared to OH in these patients.

关键词： Laparoscopic hepatectomy Obesity Overweight Morbidity Postoperative outcome Cost

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人力资本管理“分析论”的力量

中外管理 2008年第10期 76-77页

作者： Donna neumann Harriet Holbrook-Lui PDI PDI香港办事处

将来，人力资源部将像财务部、市场部和营运部那样捅有强有力的数据、框架和分析方法。

关键词：人力资本管理力量人力资源部财务部市场部

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GNS3实战指南

Histopathological confirmation of similar intramucosal distribution of fluorescein in both intravenous administration and local mucosal application for probebased confocal laser endomicroscopy of the normal stomach

作者： (美)Jason C. neumann

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2015年第12期3卷 993-999页

作者： Kouichi Nonaka Ken Ohata Shinichi Ban Shin Ichihara Rumi Takasugi Yohei Minato Tomoaki Tashima Yasushi Matsuyama Maiko Takita Nobuyuki Matsuhashi Helmut neumann Department of Gastroenterology NTT Medical Center Tokyo Department of Pathology Dokkyo Medical University Koshigaya Hospital Department of Pathology Sapporo-Kosei General Hospital Division of Technical Service Department of Medicine 1 University of Erlangen-Nuremberg

Probe-based confocal laser endomicroscopy(p CLE) is capable of acquiring in vivo magnified cross-section images of the gastric mucosa. Intravenous injection of fluorescein sodium is used for confocal imaging. However, it is still under debate if local administration of the dye to the mucosa is also effective for confocal imaging as it is not yet clear if topical application also reveals the intramucosal distribution of fluorescein. The objective of this study was to evaluate the intramucosal distribution of fluorescein sodium after topical application and to compare the distribution to the conventional intravenous injection used for confocal imaging. p CLE of the stomach uninfected with Helicobacter pylori was performed in a healthy male employing intravenous administration and local mucosal application of fluorescein. The mucosa of the lower gastric body was biopsied 1 min and 5 min after intravenous administration or local mucosal application of fluorescein, and the distribution of fluorescein in the biopsy samples was examined histologically. Green fluorescence was already observed in the cytoplasm of fundic glandular cells in the biopsied deep mucosa 1 min after local mucosal application of fluorescein. It was also observed in the foveolar lumen and inter-foveolar lamina propria, although it was noted at only a few sites. In the tissue biopsied 5 min after the local mucosal application of fluorescein, green fluorescence was more frequently noted in the cytoplasm of fundic glandular cells than in that 1 min after the local mucosal application of fluorescein, although obvious green fluorescence was not identified in the foveolar lumen or inter-foveolar lamina propria. The distribution of intravenously administered fluorescein in the cytoplasm of fundic glandular cells was also clearly observed similarly to that after local mucosal application of fluorescein. Green fluorescence in more cells was observed in many cells 5 min after intravenous administration compared

关键词： Confocal laser endomicroscopy Fluorescein Local application Intravenous Distribution

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内燃机气阀材料的选择

兵器材料科学与工程 1991年第3期14卷 55-66页

作者： W.neumann J.Kocis 董天春

本文简要介绍和讨论了气阀的工作环境,可能的失效模式,气阀结构,气阀材料和用于评估气阀能力的各种台架试验。内燃机中的排气阀由于受腐蚀和热机械应力的影响,可能导致阀顶和阀盘与阀杆连接处材料的过度损失。在极端的条件下,会产生腐... 详细信息

本文简要介绍和讨论了气阀的工作环境,可能的失效模式,气阀结构,气阀材料和用于评估气阀能力的各种台架试验。内燃机中的排气阀由于受腐蚀和热机械应力的影响,可能导致阀顶和阀盘与阀杆连接处材料的过度损失。在极端的条件下,会产生腐蚀疲劳失效。失效,或者是功能降低,都可能随着出现由于磨损、喷蚀或是阀面烧伤引起的密封下降。气阀的低温区,机械应力会导致定位沟槽和气阀杆尾端产生疲劳或磨损而失效。气阀结构可由单一气阀合金或者是根据发动机对气阀性能的要求由几种材料组成。最常见的结构方案是加一个镶片,对焊阀杆、锥面堆焊硬质合金和杆部增加镀层。材料中有一大系列可满足其性能要求。它们可归类为排气阀材料,进气阀材料,锥面堆焊材料,杆部材料和镶片材料。排气阀材料为耐热沉淀硬化不锈钢(PHSS)或者是能在(1500°F)816℃温度范围工作的镍基超耐热合金。进气阀材料为普通低合金钢,或者是可在538℃以下工作的合金钢。过去常用的钴基硬质堆焊合金将要被新发展起来的耐磨、耐冲刷和耐腐蚀性良好的铁基合金所代替。要选择合适的材料,比较流行的作法是在实验室进行一系列的力学性能试验和台架腐蚀试验来评估材料的功能。力学性能试验有:抗张,应力破断,蠕变,疲劳(光滑试样或缺口试样),磨损。

关键词：内燃机气阀材料