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Piezo1 expression in chondrocytes controls endochondral ossification and osteoarthritis development

Bone Research 2024年第1期12卷 199-214页

作者： Laura J.Brylka Assil-Ramin Alimy Miriam E.A.Tschaffon-Müller Shan Jiang Tobias Malte Ballhause Anke Baranowsky Simon von Kroge Julian Delsmann Eva Pawlus Kian Eghbalian Klaus Püschel Astrid Schoppa melanie haffner-luntzer David J.Beech Frank Timo Beil Michael Amling Johannes Keller Anita Ignatius Timur A.Yorgan Tim Rolvien Thorsten Schinke Department of Osteology and Biomechanics University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Department of Trauma and Orthopedic Surgery University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Institute of Orthopedic Research and Biomechanics University Medical Center UlmBadenWürttemberg89081 UlmGermany Department Legal Medicine University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf20246 HamburgGermany Leeds Institute of Cardiovascular and Metabolic Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of LeedsLS29JT LeedsUK

Piezo proteins are mechanically activated ion channels,which are required for mechanosensing functions in a variety of cell *** we and others have previously demonstrated that the expression of Piezo1 in osteoblast lineage cells is essential for boneanabolic processes,there was only suggestive evidence indicating a role of Piezo1 and/or Piezo2 in *** we addressed the question if and how chondrocyte expression of the mechanosensitive proteins Piezo1 or Piezo2 controls physiological endochondral ossification and pathological osteoarthritis(OA)*** with chondrocyte-specific inactivation of Piezo1(Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre)),but not of Piezo2,developed a near absence of trabecular bone below the chondrogenic growth plate ***,all Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) animals displayed multiple fractures of rib bones at 7 days of age,which were located close to the growth *** skeletal growth was only mildly affected in these mice,OA pathologies were markedly less pronounced compared to littermate controls at 60 weeks of ***,when OA was induced by anterior cruciate ligament transection,only the chondrocyte inactivation of Piezo1,not of Piezo2,resulted in attenuated articular cartilage ***,osteophyte formation and maturation were also reduced in Piezo1^(Col2a1Cre) *** further observed increased Piezo1 protein abundance in cartilaginous zones of human ***,we identified Ptgs2 and Ccn2 as potentially relevant Piezo1 downstream genes in ***,our data do not only demonstrate that Piezo1 is a critical regulator of physiological and pathological endochondral ossification processes,but also suggest that Piezo1 antagonists may be established as a novel approach to limit osteophyte formation in OA.

关键词： Piezo1 markedly ossification

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Recovery rates and long-term olfactory dysfunction following COVID-19 infection

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World Journal of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery 2024年第2期10卷 121-128页

作者： melanie Dias Zara Shaida Nora Haloob Claire Hopkins ENT Department Guy's HospitalLondonUK

Objectives:Olfactory dysfunction is one of the most recognized symptoms of COVID-19,significantly impacting quality of life,particularly in cases where recovery is *** review aims to explore patterns of olfactory recovery post-COVID-19 infection,with particular focus on delayed *** Sources:Published literature in the English language,including senior author's own work,online and social media platforms,and patients'anecdotal ***:A comprehensive review of the literature was undertaken by the authors with guidance from the senior author with expertise in the field of ***:Based on self-report,an estimated 95%of patients recover their olfactory function within 6 months post-COVID-19 ***,psychophysical testing detects higher rates of persistent olfactory *** has been found to continue for at least 2 years postinfection;negative prognostic indicators include severe olfactory loss in the acute phase,female sex,and older *** in quantitative and qualitative disturbance in prolonged cases likely reflects both peripheral and central pathophysiological *** of many of the reviewed studies reflect lack of psychophysical testing and baseline olfactory ***:Post-COVID-19 olfactory dysfunction remains a significant health and psychosocial *** evidence is improving awareness and knowledge among clinicians to better support patients through their olfactory rehabilitation,with hope of recovery after several months or *** research is needed to better understand the underlying pathogenesis of delayed recovery,identify at risk individuals earlier in the disease course,and develop therapeutic targets.

关键词： anosmia COVID-19 olfaction parosmia recovery

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Two intestinal microbiota-derived metabolites, deoxycholic acid and butyrate, synergize to enhance host defense peptide synthesis and alleviate necrotic enteritis

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第3期15卷 1158-1172页

作者： Dohyung M.Kim Jing Liu melanie A.Whitmore Isabel Tobin Zijun Zhao Guolong Zhang Department of Animal and Food Sciences Oklahoma State UniversityStillwaterOKUSA

Background Necrotic enteritis(NE)is a major enteric disease in poultry,yet effective mitigation strategies remain *** acid(DCA)and butyrate,two major metabolites derived from the intestinal microbiota,have independently been shown to induce host defense peptide(HDP)***,the potential synergy between these two compounds remains *** To investigate the possible synergistic effect between DCA and butyrate in regulating HDP synthesis and barrier function,we treated chicken HD11 macrophage cells and jejunal explants with DCA and sodium butyrate(NaB),either individually or in combination,for 24 ***,we performed RNA isolation and reverse transcrip-tion-quantitative PCR to analyze HDP genes as well as the major genes associated with barrier *** further determine the synergy between DCA and NaB in enhancing NE resistance,we conducted two independent trials with Cobb broiler *** each trial,the diet was supplemented with DCA or NaB on the day-of-hatch,followed by NE induction through sequential challenges with Eimeria maxima and Clostridium perfringens on d 10 and 14,*** recorded animal mortality after infection and assessed intestinal lesions on d *** impact of DCA and NaB on the microbiota in the ileum and cecum was evaluated through bacterial 16S rRNA gene *** We found that the combination of DCA and NaB synergistically induced multiple HDP genes in both chicken HD11 cells and jejunal ***,the gene for claudin-1,a major tight junction protein,also exhibited synergistic induction in response to DCA and ***,dietary supplementation with a combination of 0.75 g/kg DCA and 1 g/kg NaB led to a significant improvement in animal survival and a reduction in intestinal lesions compared to either compound alone in a chicken model of ***,the cecal microbiota of NE-infected chickens showed a marked decrease in SCFA-producing bacteria such as Bacteroides,F

关键词： Bile acids Host defense peptides Metabolites Microbiome Necrotic enteritis Short-chain fatty acids

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A review of public health guidelines for postpartum physical activity and sedentary behavior from around the world

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 472-483,F0003页

作者： Kelly R.Evenson Wendy J.Brown Alison K.Brinson Emily Budzynski-Seymour melanie Hayman Department of Epidemiology Gillings School of Global Public HealthUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8050USA Faculty of Health Sciences and Medicine Bond UniversityGold CoastQLD 4226Australia School of Human Movement and Nutrition Sciences The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Department of Anthropology University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-3115USA Carolina Population Center University of North Carolina at Chapel HillChapel HillNC 27599-8120USA Faculty of Sport Health and Social SciencesSolent UniversitySouthamptonSO140YNUK Appleton Institute School of HealthMedical and Applied SciencesCentral Queensland UniversityRockhamptonQLD 4701Australia

Background:The period following pregnancy is a critical time window when future habits with respect to physical activity(PA) and sedentary behavior(SB) are established;therefore,it warrants *** purpose of this scoping review was to summarize public health-oriented country-specific postpartum PA and SB guidelines ***:To identity guidelines published since 2010,we performed a(a) systematic search of 4 databases(CINAHL,Global Health,PubMed,and SPORTDiscus),(b) structured repeatable web-based search separately for 194 countries,and(c) separate web-based *** the most recent guideline was included for each ***:We identified 22 countries with public health-oriented postpartum guidelines for PA and 11 countries with SB *** continents with guidelines included Europe(n=12),Asia(n=5),Oceania(n=2),Africa(n=1),North America(n=1),and South America(n=1).The most common benefits recorded for PA included weight control/management(n=10),reducing the risk of postpartum depression or depressive symptoms(n=9),and improving mood/well-being(n=8).Postpartum guidelines specified exercises to engage in,including pelvic floor exercises(n=17);muscle strengthening,weight training,or resistance exercises(n=13);aerobics/general aerobic activity(n=13);walking(n=11);cycling(n=9);and swimming(n=9).Eleven guidelines remarked on the interaction between PA and breastfeeding;several guidelines stated that PA did not impact breast milk quantity(n=7),breast milk quality(n=6),or infant growth(n=3).For SB,suggestions included limiting long-term sitting and interrupting sitting with ***:Country-specific postpartum guidelines for PA and SB can help promote healthy behaviors using a culturally appropriate context while providing specific guidance to public health practitioners.

关键词： Breastfeeding Caesarean section Guidelines Postnatal Recommendations

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微塑料和纳米塑料威胁青藏高原环境

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Science Bulletin 2024年第5期69卷 589-592页

作者：张玉兰康世昌罗犀 Tanuj Shukla 高坛光 Deonie Allen Steve Allen melanie Bergmann State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China College of Earth and Environmental Sciences Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China School of Geography Earth and Environmental SciencesUniversity of BirminghamBirmingham 200003UK Ocean Frontiers Institute Dalhousie UniversityHalifax B3H 4R2Canada Alfred-Wegener-Institut Helmholtz-Zentrum für Polar-und Meeresforschung Bremerhaven D-27515Germany University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

Plastic pollution is a planetary level threat which affects Earth’s environment and *** the poles to deep ocean basins,the growth of plastic waste has already exceeded its *** projected increase of plastic production and waste generation over the coming years makes the situation even more *** after stagnation in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic,the global plastic production has also increased from 335 to 391 million metric tons(Mt)between 2016 and 2021(Fig.S1 online);yet currently post-consumer recycled and bio-based/attributed plastics only accounts~9%of the world’s plastic production[1].Statistically.

关键词：微塑料 attributed plastics

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The germline genetics of mild-to-moderate penetrance:An intriguing role of PRAME in multiple carcinogenesis

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Genes & Diseases 2024年第3期11卷 7-10页

作者： Diaddin Hamdan Van Tai Nguyen Justine Paris Christophe Leboeuf Morad El Bouchtaoui Marc Espie Anne Janin Geraldine Falgarone melanie Di Benedetto Guithem Bousquet Universite de Paris Cite INSERMUMR_S942MASCOTParis F-75006France Hopital La Porte Verte Versailles F-78004France National Cancer Hospital Cancer Research and Clinical Trials CenterHaNoi100000VietNam AP-HP-Hopital Saint Louis Centre de Maladies du SeinParisF-75010France Universite Sorbonne Paris Nord Bobigny F-93000France AP-HP-Hopital Avicenne Unite de Medecine AmbulatoireBobigny F-93000France

Germline genetics of high penetrance such as BRCA genes,mutations might be sufficient for carcinogenesis,but this only explains fewer than 10%of *** assume that most cancers are the result of germline mutations of low to moderate penetrance,combined with acquired mutations due to external carcinogenic *** their accumulation over time,aging is associated with an increased risk of multiple cancer development in a given *** decades,germline genetics have been based on familial linkage studies enabling most high-penetrance genes to be *** recently,population-wide studies have led to the identification of considerable numbers of polymorphisms associated with cancer ***,most of them are of unknown functional value,thus limiting their translational application.

关键词： carcinogenesis BRCA linkage

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儿童的正义感从哪来

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环球科学 2024年第11期 32-37页

作者：梅拉妮·基伦闭诗林(翻译) 美国马里兰大学帕克分校新加坡南洋理工大学发展心理学

只有帮助学龄儿童理解结构性偏见造成的不公正后果,认识到竞争中需要保持公平,未来的社会才有可能战胜偏见,更加包容。“很久之前,我刚转到一个学校,学校里的同学经常因为肤色对我指手画脚,还排斥和取笑我。”在我和同事进行的一项研究... 详细信息

只有帮助学龄儿童理解结构性偏见造成的不公正后果,认识到竞争中需要保持公平,未来的社会才有可能战胜偏见,更加包容。“很久之前,我刚转到一个学校,学校里的同学经常因为肤色对我指手画脚,还排斥和取笑我。”在我和同事进行的一项研究中,一位大约10岁的学生亚历克斯(Alex)说道。(出于保密原则,学生均为化名。)“因为想跟他们做朋友,我就有点试着无视他们。但是他们还是想到了办法来捉弄我。所以,每天我都会哭着去找我妈妈,告诉她发生了什么事。她只是让我无视他们,但那没用。情况越来越糟,弄得我不得不去看心理咨询师什么的。”

关键词：亚历克斯保密原则心理咨询师正义感结构性偏见学龄儿童

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Advances of nanotechnologies for hydraulic fracturing of coal seam gas reservoirs:potential applications and some limitations in Australia

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International Journal of Coal Science & Technology 2022年第2期9卷 1-18页

作者： Hannah Marsden Sudeshna Basu Alberto Striolo melanie MacGregor Department of Chemical Engineering University College LondonLondon WC1E 7JEUK Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson Lakes BvdMawson LakesSA 5195Australia Department of Earth Sciences University College LondonLondon WC1E 6BSUK School of Chemical Biological and Materials EngineeringUniversity of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA Flinders Institute for Nanoscale Science&Technology College of Science and EngineeringFlinders UniversityBedford ParkSA 5042Australia

Some of the most promising potential applications of nanotechnology to hydraulic fracturing of coal seam gas(CSG)are reviewed with a focus on Australian CSG *** propitious applications were identifed:(1)Nanoparticle enhanced viscoelastic surfactants(VES)fracturing fuids to prevent fuid loss by up to 30%,made possible by the formation of pseudo-flter cakes and reducing the viscosity of the VES ***,there is no requirement of clay control additives or biocides.(2)Nano-proppants to extend fracture networks and reduce proppant embedment by introducing them prior to the emplacement of larger *** Ash nanoparticles can be particularly efective because of their high sphericity and mechanical strength.(3)Nanoparticle-coated proppants,to mitigate the migration of particle fnes by restricting them close to their source by adsorption,with MgO being the most *** use of nanotechnology in hydraulic fracturing applications is currently hindered due to a discordant regulatory environment compounded by the cost of the nanoparticles themselves,as well as,a lack of feld data to validate the technology under real downhole *** the necessary feld tests are unlikely to be conducted for as long as abundant natural gas is available,exploratory studies could pave the way for future applications.

关键词： Coal bed methane Nanoparticles Fracturing fuids Proppant Natural gas

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Targeting the EGF receptor family in non-small cell lung cancerincreased complexity and future perspectives

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Cancer Biology & Medicine 2022年第11期19卷 1543-1564页

作者： Tobias Boch Jens Kohler melanie Janning Sonja Loges DKFZ-Hector Cancer Institute at the University Medical Center Mannheim Mannheim 68135Germany Division of Personalized Medical Oncology(A420) German Cancer Research Center(DKFZ)Heidelberg 69120Germany Department of Personalized Oncology University Medical Center MannheimMedical Faculty MannheimHeidelberg UniversityMannheim 68135Germany

Lung cancer remains the leading cause of cancer-associated mortality worldwide,but with the emergence of oncogene targeted therapies,treatment options have tremendously *** to their biological relevance,members of the ERBB receptor family,including the EGF receptor(EGFR),HER2,HER3 and HER4,are among the best studied oncogenic *** EGFR mutations are frequently observed in non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC),and small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors(TKIs)are the established first line treatment option for patients whose tumors bear"typical/classical"EGFR mutations(exon 19 deletions,L858R point mutations).Additionally,new TKIs are rapidly evolving with better efficacy to overcome primary and secondary treatment resistance(e.g.,that due to T790M or C797S resistance mutations).Some atypical EGFR mutations,such as the most frequent exon 20 insertions,exhibit relative resistance to earlier generation TKIs through steric *** this subgroup,newer TKIs,such as mobocertinib and the bi-specific antibody amivantamab have recently been approved,whereas less frequent atypical EGFR mutations remain *** contrast to EGFR,HER2 has long remained a challenging target,but better structural understanding has led to the development of newer generations of *** recent FDA approval of the antibody-drug conjugate trastuzumab-deruxtecan for pretreated patients with HER2 mutant NSCLC has been an important therapeutic ***3 and HER4 also exert oncogenic potential,and targeted treatment approaches are being developed,particularly for ***,strategies to inhibit the oncogenic function of ERBB receptors in NSCLC are currently evolving at an unprecedented pace;therefore,this review summarizes current treatment standards and discusses the outlook for future developments.

关键词： Oncology NSCLC EGFR HER2 HER3 HER4

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How mind-body therapies might reduce pathological features of Alzheimer’s disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2022年第8期17卷 1757-1758页

作者： melanie Hüttenrauch Susana Castro-Obregón División de Neurociencias Instituto de Fisiología CelularUniversidad Nacional Autónoma de México(UNAM)Circuito Exterior SNCiudad UniversitariaCDMXMexico

Alzheimer’s disease(AD)is an irreversible neurodegenerat i ve disorder that i s responsible for around 60-80%of all dementia cases and currently affects around 50 million people *** the population’s life span tends to increase,current predictions suggest that by 2050,152 million people worldwide will suffer from dementia(Balsinha,2019).While the exact cause of AD remains obscure,various hypotheses regarding AD etiology have been described in the last *** to the amyloid hypothesis,the pathogenic changes related to AD start with the accumulation of amyloid-beta(Aβ)in the *** Aβpeptides form oligomers and insoluble amyloid plaques which are neurotoxic and trigger harmful downstream events such as the aggregation of the microtubule-associated protein Tau into neurofibrillary tangles,chronic inflammation,and brain atrophy.

关键词： Alzheimer inflammation irreversible

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