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Variations in Soil Temperature at BJ Site on the Central Tibetan Plateau

Journal of Mountain Science 2012年第2期9卷 274-285页

作者： WAN Guoning yang meixue WANG Xuejia State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China

The temporal and spatial variation in soil temperature play a significant role in energy and water cycle between land surface and atmosphere on the Tibetan *** on the observed soil temperature data（hourly data from 1 January 2001 to 31 December 2005）obtained by GAME-Tibet,the diurnal,seasonal and interannual variations in soil temperature at BJ site（31.37°N,91.90°E; 4509 m a.s.l.）near Naqu in the central Tibetan Plateau were *** showed that the average diurnal variation in soil temperature at 4 and 20 cm depth can be described as sinusoidal curve,which is consistent with the variation of solar radiation. However,the average diurnal variation in soil temperature under 60 cm was very *** average diurnal amplitude in soil temperature decreased by the exponential decay function with the increase of soil depth（R2=0.92,p〈0.01）.It is demonstrated that the average diurnal maximum soil temperature decreased by the exponential decay function with the increase of soil depth（R2=0.78,p〈0.01）.In contrast, the average diurnal minimum soil temperature increased by the exponential grow function with increasing of soil depth（R2=0.86,p〈0.01）.There were a linear negative correlation between the average annual maximum Ts and soil depth（R2=0.96, p〈0.01）,a logarithmic function relationship between the average annual minimum soil temperature and soil depth（R2=0.92,p〈0.01）.The average seasonal amplitude in soil temperature followed the exponential decay function with the increase of soil depth（R2=0.98,p〈0.01）.The mean annual soil temperature in each layer indicated a warming trend *** the study period,the mean annual soil temperature at 4,20,40,60,80,100,130, 160,200 and 250 cm depth increased by 0.034,0.041, 0.061,0.056,0.062,0.050,0.057,0.051,0.047 and 0.042℃/a,respectively.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau Land-atmosphere interaction Soil temperature Climate warming

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Ground temperature variation and its response to climate change on the northern Tibetan Plateau

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2021年第4期13卷 299-313页

作者： GuoNing Wan meixue yang XueJia Wang Yulong Snow Mountain National Field Observation and Research Station for Cryosphere and Sustainable Development State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric ScienceNorthwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhouGansu 730000China

Ground temperature plays a significant role in the interaction between the land surface and atmosphere on the Tibetan Plateau(TP).Under the background of temperature warming,the TP has witnessed an accelerated warming trend in frozen ground temperature,an increasing active layer thickness,and the melting of underground *** on high-resolution ground temperature data observed from 1997 to 2012 on the northern TP,the trend of ground temperature at each observation site and its response to climate change were *** results showed that while the ground temperature at different soil depths showed a strong warming trend over the observation period,the warming in winter is more significant than that in *** warming rate of daily minimum ground temperature was greater than that of daily maximum ground temperature at the TTH and MS3608 *** the study period,thawing occurred earlier,whereas freezing happened later,resulting in shortened freezing season and a thinner frozen layer at the BJ *** a zero-curtain effect develops when the soil begins to thaw or freeze in spring and *** 1997 to 2012,the average summer air temperature and precipitation in summer and winter from six meteorological stations along the Qinghai-Tibet highway also demonstrated an increasing trend,with a more significant temperature increase in winter than in *** ground temperature showed an obvious response to air temperature warming,but the trend varied significantly with soil depths due to soil heterogeneity.

关键词： ground temperature soil freezing-thawing processes the Tibetan Plateau climate change

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A 457-year reconstruction of precipitation in the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China using tree-ring records

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2013年第10期58卷 1107-1114页

作者： GOU XiaoHua yang Tao GAO LinLin DENG yang yang meixue CHEN FaHu Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) and Research School of Arid Environment and Climate Change Lanzhou University State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research InstituteChinese Academy of Sciences

This paper presents a 457-year reconstruction of precipitation in the southeastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau using tree-ring ***-ring samples were collected from the Hengduan Mountains in the southeastern part of the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,China.A nearly 500-year chronology was developed using tree-ring width *** analysis shows moisture is the main factor limiting tree growth in this ***-widths were significantly positively correlated with the Palmer Drought Severity Index(PDSI) and precipitation in many *** highest correlation coefficient was found between the annual growth of trees and precipitation from the previous September to the current June(0.738).Based on this relationship,we reconstructed the precipitation history from 1509 to *** reconstruction explains 54.4%(Radj2=53.5%,N=49,F=56.12) of the actual precipitation variation during the calibration period(1958-2006).During the reliable period of the reconstruction(1549-2006),some low-frequency climate signals are included,indicating this region has been getting wetter in the last 20 *** reconstruction documents six apparently dry and five pluvial periods and the 17th century dry period lasted longer than any *** compared with other recent studies,this study and these earlier reconstructions show a similar trend in the variation of drought and *** spatial correlation analysis confirms that the reconstructed precipitation adequately represents the rainfall history of the entire Hengduan Mountain *** Multi-taper method,a type of spectral analysis,reveals that precipitation in this area had significant(P<0.01) spectral peaks at 3-5 a,60 a and 79-85 a.

关键词：青藏高原东南部降水重建树木年轮中国降水量变化树轮宽度干旱指数相关性分析

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Surface air temperature changes over the Tibetan Plateau:Historical evaluation and future projection based on CMIP6 models

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Geoscience Frontiers 2022年第6期13卷 138-152页

作者： Rui Chen Haoying Li Xuejia Wang Xiaohua Gou meixue yang Guoning Wan Alfred Wegener Institute Helmholtz Centre for Polar and Marine Research Potsdam 14473Germany Geography Department Humboldt University of BerlinBerlin 10099Germany IRI THESys Humboldt University of BerlinBerlin 10099Germany Key Laboratory of Western China’s Environmental Systems(Ministry of Education) College of Earth and Environmental SciencesLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Gansu Liancheng Forest Ecosystem Field Observation and Research Station Lanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730333China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and ResourcesChinese Academy of SciencesLanzhou 730000China

With its amplification simultaneously emerging in cryospheric regions,especially in the Tibetan Plateau,global warming is undoubtedly *** this study,we utilized 28 global climate models to assess model performance regarding surface air temperature over the Tibetan Plateau from 1961 to 2014,reported spatiotemporal variability in surface air temperature in the future under four scenarios(SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,SSP3-7.0,and SSP5-8.5),and further quantified the timing of warming levels(1.5,2,and 3℃)in the *** results show that the multimodel ensemble means depicted the spatiotemporal patterns of surface air temperature for the past decades well,although with differences across individual *** projected surface air temperature,by 2099,would warm by 1.9,3.2,5.2,and 6.3℃relative to the reference period(1981–2010),with increasing rates of 0.11,0.31,0.53,and 0.70℃/decade under the SSP1-2.6,SSP2-4.5,SSP3-7.0,and SSP5-8.5 scenarios for the period 2015–2099,*** with the preindustrial periods(1850–1900),the mean annual surface air temperature over the Tibetan Plateau has hit the 1.5℃threshold and will break 2℃in the next decade,but there is still a chance to limit the temperature below 3℃in this *** study provides a new understanding of climate warming in high mountain areas and implies the urgent need to achieve carbon neutrality.

关键词： Surface air temperature CMIP6 Historical evaluation Future projection Tibetan Plateau

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Review on simulation of land-surface processes on the Tibetan Plateau

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Research in Cold and Arid Regions 2019年第2期11卷 93-115页

作者： Rui Chen meixue yang XueJia Wang GuoNing Wan State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

The Tibetan Plateau(TP) has powerful dynamics and thermal effects, which makes the interaction between its land and atmosphere significantly affect climate and environment in the regional or global area. By retrospecting the latest research progress in the simulation of land-surface processes(LSPs) over the past 20 years, this study discusses both the simulation ability of land-surface models(LSMs) and the modification of parameterization schemes from two perspectives, the models' applicability and improved parameterization schemes. Our review suggests that different LSMs can well capture the spatiotemporal variations of the physical quantities of LSPs; but none of them can be fully applied to the plateau, meaning that all need to be revised according to the characteristics specific to the TP. Avoiding the unstable iterative computation and determining the freeze-thaw critical temperature according to the thermodynamic equilibrium equation, the unreasonable freeze-thaw parameterization scheme can be improved. Due to the complex underlying surface of the TP, no parameterization scheme of roughness length can well simulate the various characteristics of the turbulent flux over the TP at different temporal scales. The uniform soil thermodynamic and hydraulic parameterization scheme is unreasonable when it is applied to the plateau, as a result of the strong soil heterogeneity. There is little research on the snow-cover process so far,and the improved scheme has no advantage over the original one due to the lack of some related physical processes. The constant interaction among subprocesses of LSPs makes the improvement of a multiparameterization scheme yield better simulation results. According to the review of existing research, adding high-quality observation stations, developing a parameterization scheme suitable for the special LSPs of the TP, and adjusting the model structures can be helpful to the simulation of LSPs on the TP.

关键词： Tibetan Plateau land - atmosphere interaction land-surface models model applicability parameterized modification

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Tree ring based streamflow reconstruction for the Upper Yellow River over the past 1234 years

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2010年第36期55卷 4179-4186页

作者： GOU XiaoHua DENG yang CHEN FaHu yang meixue FANG KeYan GAO LinLin yang Tao ZHANG Fen Key Laboratory of Western China's Environmental Systems (MOE) Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China State Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Sciences Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China

We established a Juniperus przewalski tree ring width chronology, based on tree ring cores collected from the A’nyêmaqên Mountains. Statistical analysis showed that the chronology was highly correlated with instrumental streamflow records from previous August to current July from the Tangnaihai Station in the upper reaches of the Yellow River, with a correlation coefficient of 0.656. Streamflow for the upper reaches of the Yellow River was reconstructed for the past 1234 years. Low flow periods for the 11-year averaged streamflow reconstruction were definite as lower than mean plus 1 standard deviation, and high flow periods were higher than mean minus 1 standard deviation. Over the past 1234 years, high flows occurred 18 times, and low flows occurred 12 times. The main low flow periods were identified as AD 1140–1156, AD 1295–1309, AD 1473–1500, and AD 1820–1847, and the main high flow periods were identified as AD 846–873, and AD 1375–1400. Extremely low streamflow over the reconstruction period was seen during the late 15th century, coinciding with a widespread drought phenomenon, which took place in the northeastern Tibetan Plateau over the same period. Reconstructed streamflow shows significant low-frequency variability, which is in line with drought variability of neighboring regions, as inferred from tree rings and other proxies. Multi-taper spectral analysis suggests the existence of significant periods of 2–5, 22, 35–38, 55–62, and 114–227 years, particularly significant for cyclic variations of years 159 and 36.

关键词：黄河上游径流量树木年轮干旱现象阿尼玛卿山低流量年轮宽度普氏原羚

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Diurnal freeze/thaw cycles of the ground surface on the Tibetan Plateau

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Chinese Science Bulletin 2007年第1期52卷 136-139页

作者： yang meixue YAO TanDong GOU XiaoHua HIROSE Nozomu FUJII Hide Yuki HAO LiSheng D. F. LEVIA Key Laboratory of Cryosphere and Environment Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences Lanzhou 730000 China Institute of Tibetan Plateau Research Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100085 China Key Laboratory of Western China's Environment System MOE Lanzhou University Lanzhou 730000 China University of Tokyo Tokyo Japan Hengshui Meteorological Bureau Hengshui 053000 China Center for Climatic Research and Department of Geography University of Delaware DE 19716 USA

The exchange of energy and water between the lithosphere and atmosphere mainly takes place at the ground surface. Therefore, freeze/thaw condition at the ground surface is an important factor in ex- amining the interactions between the land surface and atmosphere. Based on the observation data obtained by CEOP/CAMP-Tibet, the diurnal freeze/thaw cycles of the ground surface near Naqu, central Tibetan Plateau was preliminarily analyzed. The results show that the surface layer was completely frozen for approximately one month. However, the time that the ground surface experienced diurnal freeze/thaw cycles was about 6 months. The high frequency of freeze/thaw cycles at the ground surface significantly influences water and energy exchanges between ground and atmosphere over half a year. The interaction processes between the ground and atmosphere under different soil conditions (such as complete thaw, complete freeze and diurnal freeze/thaw cycles) are issues worthy of further examina- tion.

关键词：西藏高原地貌冻结层解冻层

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The Characteristics of the Climate Recorded in Guliya Ice Core

The Characteristics of the Climate Recorded in Guliya Ice Co...

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作者： yang meixue and Yao TandongLaboratory of Ice Core and Cold Region Environment,LIGG,CAS,Lanzhou 730000,P. R. China

The past climate variation was recorded in Guliya ice cap in high resolution. Thetemperature index (δO) and the precipitation index （the accumulahon on glacier） recorded inGuliya ice cap since 300 aBP were examined with anomaly accumulative method. The resultsshowed that the variation trends of the temperature and the Precipitation in Guliya are consistentquite well in a relatively long time-scale, but the variation of the precipitation is lagged behind thatof the temperature by 20-40 years. Such phenomena was analyzed from the viewpoint of physicalmechanism and believed that it is not only because of the heat capacity difference between oceanand land, but also because of the positive feedback in the temperature-precipitation-vegetation-containing water content. Meanwhile, viewed from a relatively long time-scale, the climatecondition in Guliya since 300 aBP just includes two phases, cold/dry or warm/wet,and it can beseparated into three periods.

关键词： ice core record,climate condition,δ18O,accumulation amount,feedback progress

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Mann-Whitney U非参数检验方法及其在冰心气候学研究中的应用

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海洋地质与第四纪地质 1999年第4期19卷 83-87页

作者：杨梅学姚檀栋何元庆中国科学院兰州冰川冻土研究所冰心与寒区环境实验室兰州730000

介绍了最强的非参数检验之一Mann－WhitneyU非参数检验方法及其在冰心气候学研究中的应用。由于冰心气候环境记录具有分辨率高、保真性好和所记录的气候环境信息量大等优声、，因此将该非参数检验方法用于冰心气候学，可以帮助我们进行... 详细信息

介绍了最强的非参数检验之一Mann－WhitneyU非参数检验方法及其在冰心气候学研究中的应用。由于冰心气候环境记录具有分辨率高、保真性好和所记录的气候环境信息量大等优声、，因此将该非参数检验方法用于冰心气候学，可以帮助我们进行一些极端事件的研究，并对厄尔尼诺年古里雅冰心中所记录的降水量及δ18O的变化进行检验。

关键词：非参数检验冰心气候记录厄尔尼诺事件古气候

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基于水热变化的青藏高原土壤冻融过程研究进展

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地理科学进展 2020年第11期39卷 1944-1958页

作者：陈瑞杨梅学万国宁王学佳中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院冰冻圈科学国家重点实验室兰州730000 阿尔弗雷德魏格纳研究所亥姆霍兹极地与海洋研究中心德国波兹坦14473 柏林洪堡大学地理系德国柏林10099

青藏高原近地层土壤冻融过程是高原地表最显著的陆面特征之一,也是判断冻土发育、存在以及反映气候变化的重要指标。近地层土壤昼夜、季节性的冻结、融化会导致青藏高原陆—气间能水平衡的变化甚至异常,从而显著影响高原地表水文过程、... 详细信息

青藏高原近地层土壤冻融过程是高原地表最显著的陆面特征之一,也是判断冻土发育、存在以及反映气候变化的重要指标。近地层土壤昼夜、季节性的冻结、融化会导致青藏高原陆—气间能水平衡的变化甚至异常,从而显著影响高原地表水文过程、生态环境、碳氮循环以及高原及其周边区域的天气和气候系统。论文从观测、模拟以及对气候的影响3个角度来探讨1990年以来青藏高原土壤冻融过程的最新研究进展。结果表明:①在一个完整的年冻融循环过程中,近地表各层土壤大体都经历了夏季融化期、春秋季融化—冻结期、冬季冻结期4个阶段。受局地因素的影响,不同站点的冻结或消融起止时间、速率、类型均有差异。②多年冻土区和季节冻土区的日冻融循环过程差异较大,主要体现在日冻融循环持续时间上。③不同陆面模式都可以很好地抓住冻融过程中物理量的时空变化,但都需要针对高原陆面过程的特点进行参数化改进。④规避不稳定的迭代计算并根据热力学平衡方程确定冻融临界温度可以改进不合理的冻融参数化方案。基于已有研究回顾,发现增加高质量的观测站,利用卫星遥感等多种手段来反演高原土壤冻融过程以及加强陆面模式与区域气候模式和全球气候模式的耦合,并立足于高原冻融过程的特点发展相适应的参数化方案以及模拟结构的调整,能够有助于高原冻融过程的模拟。

关键词：土壤冻融过程陆面模式模式适应性参数化方案改进青藏高原

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