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4～5岁孤独症谱系障碍儿童抑制控制的子成分特征

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中国神经精神疾病杂志 2025年第1期51卷 26-31页

作者：赵琴骆艳梅馨洁沈成威邵智重庆市第九人民医院重庆市儿童孤独症医学研究中心贵阳市妇幼保健院儿童保健科重庆市第九人民医院重庆市儿童孤独症康复治疗中心

目的探讨4～5岁孤独症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorder,ASD）儿童在实验环境和自然情境中的抑制控制子成分特征。方法纳入生理年龄和智商匹配的4～5岁ASD儿童和典型发展儿童各30名。采用Simon任务、Go/nogo任务、Stroop任务分别... 详细信息

目的探讨4～5岁孤独症谱系障碍（autism spectrum disorder,ASD）儿童在实验环境和自然情境中的抑制控制子成分特征。方法纳入生理年龄和智商匹配的4～5岁ASD儿童和典型发展儿童各30名。采用Simon任务、Go/nogo任务、Stroop任务分别评价儿童在抑制控制实验任务中的冲突反应抑制、优势反应抑制、干扰信息抑制子成分，使用学龄前儿童执行功能行为评定量表的抑制子量表评估儿童在自然情境中的抑制功能。结果 Simon任务中，ASD组和对照组在不一致条件下的反应时组间差异、准确率组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。Go/nogo任务中，ASD组的漏报率高于对照组[3.10%(0,6.20%)vs. 0(0,0.78%),P=0.005]，而反应时组间差异、误报率组间差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。Stroop任务中，准确率、反应时组间差异均无统计学意义（P>0.05）。ASD组在抑制子量表的得分高于对照组[（60.47±9.63）分vs.(54.23±7.45)分，P=0.007]。结论 4～5岁ASD儿童在结构化的实验环境中抑制控制的子成分仅部分受损，但在自然情境下抑制功能存在明显缺陷。

关键词：孤独症谱系障碍学龄前儿童男性执行功能抑制神经心理测试行为评定量表

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网络空间管辖权的去中心化与弱中心化之辩

东方法学 2025年第1期 130-144页

作者：邵怿北京化工大学文法学院南方科技大学廉洁研究院

去中心化普遍被认为是下一代互联网整体组织形态与决策机制的底层架构特征,共识机制与寡头股东的存在,使得设计之初的平等与自治成为基于算力与技术能力的治权分配,自治组织在博弈论与马太效应的双重作用下,逐渐成为一个类公司化的社会... 详细信息

去中心化普遍被认为是下一代互联网整体组织形态与决策机制的底层架构特征,共识机制与寡头股东的存在,使得设计之初的平等与自治成为基于算力与技术能力的治权分配,自治组织在博弈论与马太效应的双重作用下,逐渐成为一个类公司化的社会组织。在去中心化与弱中心化趋势并存的当下,预期避免网络空间成为“法外之地”或“国际公域”,应当发掘可以替代属地管辖的全新优先规则,并在区分场景与层级的基础之上,为多方主体的协同管辖或共同治理提供立法支持,尤其应明确国家排他管辖的若干底线场景。具体到我国,应对技术的良性发展持有开放与包容的态度。为了确保新技术的风险可控、过程可管以及利益可享,应加以积极地立法预判,引入数字化解读的管辖规则作为过渡,同时也应借鉴“前区块链时代”的经验,布局多主体多层级共管,以技术标准带动立法规则与国际话语权的获取。

关键词： Web 3.0 管辖权去中心化区块链网络空间元宇宙法治

Alkaline leaching mechanism of MSWI bottom ash:the pivotal role of Si(Al)chemical bonding environments

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Science China(Technological Sciences) 2025年第2期68卷 73-85页

作者： Ningning shao Zekun JIAO Weipeng FENG Yu JIN Fanlong KONG Zhijun DONG Zuotai ZHANG Institute of Technology for Marine Civil Engineering Shenzhen Institute of Information Technology(SZIIT)Shenzhen 518172China School of Environmental Science and Engineering Key Laboratory of Municipal Solid Waste Recycling Technology and Management of Shenzhen CitySouthern University of Science and Technology(SUSTech)Shenzhen 518055China Guizhou NASH Ecological Technology Co. LTDGuiyang 550016China

Municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash(MSWIBA)is a complex assemblage of aluminosilicate materials encompassing diverse solid ***,its complexity poses great challenges to their resource *** the sake of the alkali activation use of MSWIBA,this work focused on the characterizations and alkaline leaching experiments of various classified MSWIBA after *** the different categories of MSWIBA,waste glass(BA-G)and other unidentified slags(BA-O)were identified as potential precursors for alkali activation *** alkaline leaching experiments proved that alkaline concentration,reaction temperature,reaction time,and raw material classification influenced the leaching process and *** these,the Si/Al chemical bonding environments from the material type played a pivotal *** the materials had Q_(n)(n>2)as the primary bonding structure,steric hindrance by the chain frameworks affected the alkali dissolution process,resulting in gradual disintegration from the outer layers *** the materials dominated by Q1 frameworks,OH-could penetrate the frameworks,leading to their rapid depolymerization and outward ***,the Si/Al bonding environment played a crucial role in alkaline dissolution,providing theoretical guidance for classifying the alkali-activation utilization of MSWIBA and other aluminosilicate solid wastes.

关键词： municipal solid waste incineration bottom ash classification alkaline leaching chemical bonding environments mechanism

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科技创新人才成长路径探析——基于科学家精神的实证阐释

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科技导报 2025年第2期43卷 125-132页

作者：王少同济大学马克思主义学院上海200092

党的二十大报告强调了弘扬科学家精神对于科技创新的重要意义。从实证角度阐释科学家精神在杰出科学家身上的生成理路有助于探寻科技创新人才的应然成长路径。基于对国家最高科学技术奖获得者报道材料的语义网络分析,发现几种重要的身... 详细信息

党的二十大报告强调了弘扬科学家精神对于科技创新的重要意义。从实证角度阐释科学家精神在杰出科学家身上的生成理路有助于探寻科技创新人才的应然成长路径。基于对国家最高科学技术奖获得者报道材料的语义网络分析,发现几种重要的身份是科学家展现科学家精神的中介因素;基于扎根理论的分析进一步构建了科学家精神的理论模型。根据研究结论得出的启示有:必须重视对科技创新人才的身份塑造、实行科学精神6个内涵的一体教育和重构科学家精神中创新和育人的蕴涵。此外,面向科技创新人才的爱国主义教育必须重视体悟,要帮助科技创新人才树立终身学习的理念,国家和社会要充分肯定科技创新人才家人的贡献。

关键词：科技创新人才科学家精神身份塑造爱国教育

A rethinking of nitrate， nitrite， and nitric oxide for food preservation and human health

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2025年

作者： Xiaojing Tian Yanan Tian shaohua Meng Jiansheng Zhao Lele shao Yu Li Wenhang Wang Tianjin Key Laboratory of Food Quality and Health， Tianjin University of Science & Technology College of Food Science and Engineering， Tianjin University of Science & Technology Henan Shuanghui Investment & Development Co.， Ltd. Key Laboratory of Jianghuai Agricultural Product Fine Processing and Resource Utilization， Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs， Anhui Engineering Research Center for High Value Utilization of Characteristic Agricultural Products， College of Tea & Food Science and Technology， Anhui Agricultural University College of Biotechnology， Tianjin University of Science & Technology

Nitrate and nitrite， as long-standing additives used in food industry and particularly prevalent in meat products， are often perceived negatively by consumers due to their potential to produce carcinogenic nitrosamines. Within the past decades， the importance of nitric oxide (NO) has been established for human health， including cardiovascular health， immunizing and defending system， skeletal muscle contraction and relaxation， nervous system， and cognitive function. Gradually， nitrate and nitrite， as the main NO donors， have also been demonstrated to have numerous health benefits in clinical studies. Likewise， NO has showed positive effect on postharvest fruits and vegetables. In view of different controversies， this review comprehensively discussed the effect of nitrate， nitrite on meat products and NO on fruits and vegetables， the intake of nitrate and nitrite by diet， the physiological functions， synthesis and metabolism of nitrate， nitrite， and NO in human body. It is hoped to provide some new understanding for nitrate， nitrite， and NO in food preservation and human health.

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A Whole-Process Data Processing Method for Tunnel Seismic Geological Prediction Ahead of Tunnel Faces

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Journal of Earth Science 2025年第1期36卷 333-338页

作者： Cuifa shao Yanning Wang Yunfu Jia Feng Liang Chengyuan Pei Peng Guan Yuyong Jiao Faculty of Engineering China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Tianjin Municipal Engineering Design&Research Institute Tianjin 300392China Xinjiang Survey and Design Institute for Water Resources and Hydropower Urumqi 830000China Xinjiang Water Conservancy Development and Construction Group Co. Ltd.Urumqi 830000China

0 INTRODUCTION The forecast of abnormal geological structures(e.g.,fracture zones,faults,aquifers and karst)during tunnel drilling remains a demanding task:detecting faults and other geological features impacting the ... 详细信息

关键词： karst Seismic Tunnel

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铁过载对小鼠T细胞表面PD-1表达的影响

中国实验血液学杂志 2025年第1期33卷 262-268页

作者：刘玉梅王化泉邵宗鸿天津医科大学总医院血液科天津300052

目的:探讨铁过载对小鼠T淋巴细胞表面程序性死亡受体-1(PD-1)表达的影响,以分析铁过载抑制T细胞功能的机制。方法:流式细胞术检测铁过载小鼠模型外周血T细胞内不稳定的铁池、活性氧以及T细胞表面PD-1的表达。结果:铁过载组小鼠T细胞内... 详细信息

目的:探讨铁过载对小鼠T淋巴细胞表面程序性死亡受体-1(PD-1)表达的影响,以分析铁过载抑制T细胞功能的机制。方法:流式细胞术检测铁过载小鼠模型外周血T细胞内不稳定的铁池、活性氧以及T细胞表面PD-1的表达。结果:铁过载组小鼠T细胞内钙黄绿素平均荧光强度为2492±311.1,较对照组的3136±537.3明显降低(P<0.01),提示铁过载组小鼠T细胞内不稳定的铁池含量明显增高。与对照组相比,铁过载组小鼠外周血T细胞CD4/CD8比例正常或升高;铁过载组小鼠T细胞内活性氧水平为2452±393.3,较对照组的1874±121.8明显增加(P<0.001);铁过载组小鼠外周血T细胞表面PD-1表达明显升高,其中CD8+T细胞PD-1+比例为(12.97±6.92)%,对照组为(6.18±2.95)%(P<0.05);铁过载组小鼠外周血CD8-T细胞PD-1+比例为(33.55±15.69)%,对照组为(12.51±4.11)%(P<0.001)。结论:铁过载小鼠外周血T细胞表面PD-1表达明显升高,可能参与抑制T细胞效应功能。

关键词：铁过载 T淋巴细胞程序性死亡受体-1 活性氧

Facet-Dependent Growth of Pd Particles on Polar Surfaces of ZnO

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Chinese Journal of Chemical Physics 2025年第1期38卷 45-53,I0055页

作者： Shanshan Mo Xiaolin Tan Qingqing Wang Dan Wang Xiang shao Department of Chemical Physics Key Laboratory of Precision and Intelligent ChemistryUniversity of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China

Researching the dispersion as well as the stability of metals on the oxide surfaces is essentially important for understanding the interaction mecha-nisms at the metal/oxide interfaces and thus optimizing the activities of the heterogeneous *** in this work,we have investigated the growth behavior of Pd particles on the polar surfaces of ZnO with scanning tunneling microscopy(STM).By systematically varying the coverages as well as the annealing temperatures,we found that at room temperature Pd tends to form three-dimensional(3D)round particles on the ZnO(000)surface but grow into monolayer two-dimensional(2D)hexagonal islands on the ZnO(0001)*** annealing processes,the Pd particles on ZnO(000)aggregate gently while maintaining the 3D morphology in the mild temperature range but then quickly transform in-to tall hexagonal islands at elevated *** contrast,the segregation of Pd islands on ZnO(0001)occurs gradually along with the temperature rising without changing the 2D *** results directly reflect the different interaction strengths of Pd on the dis-tinct ZnO polar *** also provide important input for understanding the facet-de-pendent catalytic mechanisms of the Pd/ZnO catalytic systems.

关键词： ZnO Polar surface Pd particle Facet-dependent growth Scanning tunneling microscopy

Recognition of Pointer Meter Readings Based on YOLOv8 and DeepLabv3+

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2025年第1期13卷 15-25页

作者： Jingwei Li Md. Al Amin Zhiyu shao College of Electrical Energy and Power Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou China

Pointer instruments are widely used in the nuclear power industry. Addressing the issues of low accuracy and slow detection speed in recognizing pointer meter readings under varying types and distances, this paper proposes a recognition method based on YOLOv8 and DeepLabv3+. To improve the image input quality of the DeepLabv3+ model, the YOLOv8 detector is used to quickly locate the instrument region and crop it as the input image for recognition. To enhance the accuracy and speed of pointer recognition, the backbone network of DeepLabv3+ was replaced with Mo-bileNetv3, and the ECA+ module was designed to replace its SE module, reducing model parameters while improving recognition precision. The decoder’s fourfold-up sampling was replaced with two twofold-up samplings, and shallow feature maps were fused with encoder features of the corresponding size. The CBAM module was introduced to improve the segmentation accuracy of the pointer. Experiments were conducted using a self-made dataset of pointer-style instruments from nuclear power plants. Results showed that this method achieved a recognition accuracy of 94.5% at a precision level of 2.5, with an average error of 1.522% and an average total processing time of 0.56 seconds, demonstrating strong performance.

关键词： Nuclear Power Pointer Instrument YOLOv8 DeepLabv3+ Reading Recognition