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Risk calculators for hepatocellular carcinoma in patients affected with chronic hepatitis B in Asia

World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第20期20卷 6244-6251页

作者： Hwai-I Yang mei-hsuan lee Jessica Liu Chien-Jen Chen Genomics Research Center Academia Sinica Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science China Medical University Taichung Molecular and Genomic Epidemiology Center China Medical University Hospital Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming University Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public Health National TaiwanUniversity

Risk calculators are widely used in many clinical fields, and integrate several important risk factors through the conversion of a risk function into a single measure of risk. Several studies have been carried out to create risk calculators for the prediction of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Most of them were hospital-based, with limited sample sizes and insufficient external validation. These study groups collaborated to establish the REACH-B risk score, which incorporated five clinical variables to predict HCC risk. This risk score was then validated in international clinical cohorts. Evidence suggests that quantitative serum HBsAg level provides additional predictability of HCC, especially in patients with low levels of hepatitis B virus DNA. This novel marker was incorporated into a risk calculator and was internally validated. This tool will hopefully be externally validated in the near future. Risk calculators can be used to support clinical practice, and to establish preventive measures; several “off-label” extension usages have also been implemented. Albeit beneficial, several precautions and discussions should be noted in using the risk calculators. The future development of risk calculators for CHB patients can be extended by applying them to additional CHB-related outcomes, and by incorporating emerging risk parameters.

关键词： Chronic hepatitis B Hepatocellular carcinoma Risk calculator Hepatitis B virus

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Epidemiology and natural history of hepatitis C virus infection

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第28期20卷 9270-9280页

作者： mei-hsuan lee Hwai-I Yang Yong Yuan Gilbert L’Italien Chien-Jen Chen the Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang-Ming University the Genomics Research Center Academia Sinica the Graduate Institute of Clinical Medical Science China Medical University the Molecular and Genomic Epidemiology Center China Medical University Hospital the Global Health Economics and Outcomes Research Bristol-Myers SquibbPrincetonNJ 08543United States the Yale University School of Medicine the Graduate Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine College of Public HealthNational Taiwan University

Hepatitis C virus(HCV)affects 130-210 million people worldwide and is one of the major risk factors for hepatocellular ***,at least one third of hepatocellular carcinoma cases are attributed to HCV infection,and 350000 people died from HCV related diseases per *** is a great geographical variation of HCV infection globally,with risk factors for the HCV infection differing in various *** progression of chronic hepatitis C to end-stage liver disease also varies in different study populations.A long-term follow-up cohort enrolling participants with asymptomatic HCV infection is essential for elucidating the natural history of HCV-caused hepatocellular carcinoma,and for exploring potential seromarkers that have high predictability for risk of hepatocellular ***,prospective cohorts comprising individuals with HCV infection are still *** risk evaluation of viral load elevation and associated liver disease/cancer in HCV(REVEAL-HCV)study has followed a cohort of 1095 residents seropositive for antibodies against hepatitis C virus living in seven townships in Taiwan for more than fifteen *** of them have acquired HCV infection through iatrogenic transmission *** the participants in the REVEALHCV study rarely receive antiviral therapies,it provides a unique opportunity to study the natural history of chronic HCV *** this review,the prevalence,risk factors and natural history of HCV infection are comprehensively *** study cohort,data collection,and findings on liver disease progression of the REVEAL-HCV study are described.

关键词： Hepatitis C virus Epidemiology Risk evaluation of viral load elevation and associated liver disease/cancer Long-term liver progression

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Community-centered Disease Severity Assessment of Metabolic Dysfunction-associated Fatty Liver Disease

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Journal of Clinical and Translational Hepatology 2023年第5期11卷 1061-1068页

作者： Jee-Fu Huang Pei-Chien Tsai Ming-Lun Yeh Chung-Feng Huang Ching-I Huang mei-hsuan lee Po-Yau Hsu Chih-Wen Wang Yu-Ju Wei Po-Cheng Liang Yi-Hung Lin Meng-hsuan Hsieh Jeng-Fu Yang Ming-Yen Hsieh Tyng-Yuan Jang Ming-Jong Bair Zu-Yau Lin Chia-Yen Dai Ming-Lung Yu Wan-Long Chuang Hepatobiliary Division Department of Internal MedicineKaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung Graduate Institute of Clinical Medicine Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung Faculty of Internal Medicine College of MedicineKaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung Center for Liquid Biopsy and Cohort Research Kaohsiung Medical UniversityKaohsiung Institute of Clinical Medicine National Yang Ming Chiao Tung UniversityTaipei Department of Preventive Medicine Kaohsiung Medical University HospitalKaohsiung Division of Gastroenterology Department of Internal MedicineTaitung Mackay Memorial HospitalTaitung Mackay Medical College New Taipei City School of Medicine and Doctoral Program of Clinical and Experimental Medicine College of MedicineNational Sun Yat-sen UniversityKaohsiung Center of Excellence for Metabolic Associated Fatty Liver Disease National Sun Yat-sen UniversityKaohsiung

Background and Aims:Disease severity across the different diagnostic categories of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease(MAFLD)remains *** study assessed the fibrosis stages and features of MAFLD between different *** also aimed to investigate the associations between advanced fibrosis and risk ***:This multicenter cross-sectional study enrolled adults participating in liver disease screening in the *** were stratified following MAFLD diagnostic criteria,to group A(395 patients)for type 2 diabetes,group B(1,818 patients)for body mass index(BMI)>23 kg/m^(2),and group C(44 patients)for BMI≤23kg/m^(2) with at least two metabolic *** fibrosis was defined as a fibrosis-4 index>***:Between 2009 and 2020,1,948 MAFLD patients were recruited,including 478 with concomitant liver *** fibrosis was observed in 125 patients.A significantly larger proportion of patients in group C(25.0%)than in group A(7.6%)and group B(5.8%)had advanced fibrosis (p<0.01).Logistic regression analysis found that hepatitis B virus(HBV)/hepatitis C virus(HCV)coinfection(odds ratio[OR]:12.14,95%confidence interval[CI]:4.04-36.52;p<0.01),HCV infection(OR:7.87,95%CI:4.78-12.97;p<0.01),group C(OR:6.00,95%CI:2.53-14.22;p<0.01),and TC/LDL-C(OR:1.21,95%CI:1.06-1.38;p<0.01)were significant predictors of advanced ***:A higher proportion of lean MAFLD patients with metabolic abnormalities had advanced *** infection was significantly associated with advanced fibrosis.

关键词： Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease Fibrosis-4 index Advanced fibrosis Community screening Viral hepatitis

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丙型肝炎病毒感染者患肝细胞癌的风险

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中华实验和临床感染病杂志（电子版） 2020年第1期14卷 88-88页

作者： mei hsuan lee 台湾省国立阳明大学临床医学研究所

【内容简介】肝细胞癌是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,近年发现丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染是发生肝细胞癌的重要危险因素之一。目前已开始对两者间的相关性进行分子生物学、流行病学和临床等方面的研究,并取得一些进展。本视频比较了全球因肝炎、人... 详细信息

【内容简介】肝细胞癌是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,近年发现丙型肝炎病毒(HCV)感染是发生肝细胞癌的重要危险因素之一。目前已开始对两者间的相关性进行分子生物学、流行病学和临床等方面的研究,并取得一些进展。本视频比较了全球因肝炎、人类免疫缺陷病毒、肺结核和疟疾导致死亡的年病死率;重点介绍病毒性肝炎和原发性肝细胞癌(hepatocellular carcinoma,HCC)的全球分布以及接种乙肝疫苗可降低因慢性肝脏疾病死亡的病死率和肝细胞癌的发病率的相关研究。现有研究证实,慢性丙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis C virus,HCV)感染增加了肝脏和肝外疾病风险,HCV基因型1b为亚太地区大多数国家的主要基因型;本视频中结合病毒载量升高的风险评估和相关的肝脏疾病的队列研究,介绍HCV感染者患肝细胞癌危险因素评分,绘制HCV感染者患肝细胞癌风险的列线图。慢性丙型肝炎患者中潜在的与肝细胞癌相关的单核苷酸多态性,经过长期随访发现,HLA-DQB1突变与HCC相关。故将宿主和病毒相关因素整合对HCC风险进行评估具有重要的临床意义。

关键词：慢性肝脏疾病人类免疫缺陷病毒肝细胞癌单核苷酸多态性乙肝疫苗队列研究列线图流行病学

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Conversion of N-doped biochar from carotenoid-extracted Tetraselmis suecica and its application to produce supercapacitors

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2025年第5期151卷 410-423页

作者： Se Hun lee Kang Hyun lee Sang-hwa lee Soo Kweon lee Ok Sung Jeon Young Pyo Jeon Dongpyo Hong Young Joon Yoo Sang Yoon Park Hah Young Yoo Advanced Institute of Convergence Technology(AICT) Seoul National UniversitySuwon 16229Republic of Korea Department of Biotechnology Sangmyung University20 Hongjimun 2-GilJongno-GuSeoul 03016Republic of Korea Department of Bio-Convergence Engineering Dongyang Mirae University445-8Gyeongin-roGuro-guSeoul 08221Republic of Korea Fermentation team Lotte R&D Center210 Magokjungang-RoGangseo-GuSeoul 07594Republic of Korea School of Electronic Engineering Kyonggi UniversityGyeonggi-do 16227Republic of Korea

Microalgae are one of the promising feedstocks for biorefinery,contributing significantly to net-zero emissions through carbon capture and ***,the disposal of microalgal byproducts from the manufacturing process causes additional environmental pollution,thus,a new application strategy is *** this study,the Tetraselmis suecica byproduct from the carotenoid extraction process was carbonized and converted into *** converted biochar was proved to be nitrogen-doped biochar(NDB),up to 4.69%,with a specific surface area of 206.59m^(2)/g andwas used as an electrode for a *** NDB electrode(NDB-E)in half-cell showed a maximum specific capacitance of 191 F/*** a full-cell test,the NDB-E exhibited a high energy density of 7.396 Wh/kg and a high-power density of 18,100 W/kg,and maintained specific capacity of 95.5%after charge and discharge of 10,000 *** conclusion,our study demonstrated that the carotenoid-extracted microalgal byproducts are a useful resource for the supercapacitor *** approach is the first to convert *** into active materials for supercapacitors.

关键词： Microalgae Tetraselmis suecica Carbonization N-doped biochar Supercapacitor

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RGB Color-Discriminable Photonic Synapse for Neuromorphic Vision System

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 39-62页

作者： Bum Ho Jeong Jaewon lee Miju Ku Jongmin lee Dohyung Kim Seokhyun Ham Kyu-Tae lee Young-Beom Kim Hui Joon Park Department of Organic and Nano Engineering&Human-Tech Convergence Program Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Korea Department of Semiconductor Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Korea Department of Mechanical Engineering Hanyang UniversitySeoul 04763Korea Department of Physics Inha UniversityIncheon 22212Korea

To emulate the functionality of the human retina and achieve a neuromorphic visual system,the development of a photonic synapse capable of multispectral color discrimination is of paramount ***,attaining robust color discrimination across a wide intensity range,even irrespective of medium limitations in the channel layer,poses a significant ***,we propose an approach that can bestow the color-discriminating synaptic functionality upon a three-terminal transistor flash memory even with enhanced discriminating *** incorporating the strong induced dipole moment effect at the excitation,modulated by the wavelength of the incident light,into the floating gate,we achieve outstanding RGB color-discriminating synaptic functionality within a remarkable intensity range spanning from 0.05 to 40 mW cm^(-2).This approach is not restricted to a specific medium in the channel layer,thereby enhancing its *** effectiveness of this color-discriminating synaptic functionality is demonstrated through visual pre-processing of a photonic synapse array,involving the differentiation of RGB channels and the enhancement of image contrast with noise ***,a convolutional neural network can achieve an impressive inference accuracy of over 94%for Canadian-Institute-For-Advanced-Research-10 colorful image recognition task after the *** proposed approach offers a promising solution for achieving robust and versatile RGB color discrimination in photonic synapses,enabling significant advancements in artificial visual systems.

关键词： Organic field-effect transistor Photonic synapse Excited-state dipole moment RGB color discrimination Neuromorphic visual system

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Upcycling of monomers derived from waste polyester plastics via electrocatalysis

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Journal of Energy Chemistry 2025年第2期101卷 535-561页

作者： Haoye Wang Richard lee Smith Jr Xinhua Qi College of Environmental Science and Engineering Nankai University Graduate School of Environmental Studies Tohoku University

Electrocatalysis offers efficient and targeted conversion of monomers derived from waste polyester plastics to chemical products under ambient temperature and pressure *** review provides analysis of research on electrochemical upgrading of monomers derived from waste polyester plastics published from2021 to *** for assessing upgrading of waste polyester plastics include alkaline hydrolysis pretreatment,indices of electrochemical reaction process(activity,stability,and techno-economic a nalysis),separation,and product *** of depolymerization monomers and their value-added products are summarized along with electrocatalytic mechanisms and reaction ***,cathode coupled reactions offer significant value for anodic waste plastic oxidation during electrolysis *** of bifunctional electrocatalysts can reduce the cost of coupled systems and complexity of the *** and recycling of waste plastic monomers using electrocatalytic technology should undergo downstream processing to form high-value products containing C-N and C-S derived functional groups obtained from depolymerized monomers,Electrochemical conversion and upgrading of monomers derived from waste polyester plastics can contribute to industrialization and global economies and help to realize environmental sustainability.

关键词： Coupling reaction Electrocatalysis Monomer Upgrade recycling Value-added products Waste plastics

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A Multifunctional Hydrogel with Multimodal Self-Powered Sensing Capability and Stable Direct Current Output for Outdoor Plant Monitoring Systems

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Nano-Micro Letters 2025年第4期17卷 1-24页

作者： Xinge Guo Luwei Wang Zhenyang Jin Chengkuo lee Department of Electrical&Computer Engineering National University of Singapore4 Engineering Drive 3Singapore 117576Singapore Center for Intelligent Sensors and MEMS(CISM) National University of Singapore5 Engineering Drive 1Singapore 117608Singapore NUS Graduate School-Integrative Sciences and Engineering Program(ISEP) National University of SingaporeSingapore 119077Singapore Research Center for Sustainable Urban Farming(SUrF) National University of SingaporeSingapore 117558Singapore

Smart farming with outdoor monitoring systems is critical to address food shortages and sustainability *** systems facilitate informed decisions that enhance efficiency in broader environmental *** outdoor systems equipped with energy harvesters and self-powered sensors often struggle with fluctuating energy sources,low durability under harsh conditions,non-transparent or non-biocompatible materials,and complex ***,a multifunctional hydrogel is developed,which can fulfill all the above requirements and build selfsustainable outdoor monitoring systems solely by *** can serve as a stable energy harvester that continuously generates direct current output with an average power density of 1.9 W m^(-3)for nearly 60 days of operation in normal environments(24℃,60%RH),with an energy density of around 1.36×10^(7)J m^(-3).It also shows good self-recoverability in severe environments(45℃,30%RH)in nearly 40 days of continuous ***,this hydrogel enables noninvasive and self-powered monitoring of leaf relative water content,providing critical data on evaluating plant health,previously obtainable only through invasive or high-power consumption *** potential extends to acting as other self-powered environmental *** multifunctional hydrogel enables self-sustainable outdoor systems with scalable and low-cost production,paving the way for future agriculture.

关键词： Self-powered sensor Hydrogel Energy harvester Outdoor farming Self-sustainable IoT

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Rare earth elements:Sector allocations and supply chain considerations

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Journal of Rare Earths 2025年第1期43卷 1-8,I0001页

作者： Mpila Makiesse Nkiawete Randy lee Vander Wal The EMS Energy Institute and the John and Willie Leone Family Department of Energy and Mineral Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityParkPA16802USA

This article addresses the question of how the global and *** sector allocations for rare earth elements ***,this article reports rare earth oxide(REO)market sector allocations,resolved by elemental profile for 2020 and reciprocally REO consumption resolved by end market *** are calculated relative to 2008 and presented as percentages and as absolute *** differences encompass both changes in relative sector demand and growth *** trends,global and *** REO usage by sector are calculated for the period of *** market sector demands,as percentages are presented,referenced to United States Geological Survey(USGS)values from *** is given to permanent magnets and associated elements given the growing renewable generation and vehicle *** criticality of Nd and Dy are considered given that they are the foundation of NdFeB permanent magnets,prominent in electric vehicle traction motors and direct drive wind turbine *** activity associated with REE market sectors is *** usage does not reflect economic value.A prime example are catalysts versus ***,vast reserves of light and heavy REEs exist in coal and coal-byproducts with potential high impact upon critical REEs and associated economics.

关键词： Rareearth elements Marketsectors Permanentmagnets Global sources Coal sources

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Exploring the mechanistic role of epidermal growth factor receptor activation in non-cancer kidney disease

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BIOCELL 2025年第1期49卷 79-92页

作者： JU-YEON lee DAEUN MOON JINU KIM Medical Course College of MedicineCatholic Kwandong UniversityGangneung25601Republic of Kore Department of Anatomy College of MedicineJeju National UniversityJeju63243Republic of Korea Interdisciplinary Graduate Program in Advanced Convergence Technology&Science Jeju National UniversityJeju63243Republic of Korea

The epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR)is a transmembrane glycoprotein that plays a crucial role in signal transduction and cellular *** review explores the function of EGFR in kidney physiology and its implications for various kidney *** signaling is essential for kidney function and repair mechanisms,and its dysregulation significantly impacts both acute and chronic kidney *** review discusses the normal distribution of EGFR in kidney tubular segments,the mechanism of its activation and inhibition,and the therapeutic potential of EGFR-targeting antagonists and ***,it explores the pathophysiological characteristics observed in rodent models of kidney diseases through pharmacological and genetic inhibition of EGFR,highlighting therapeutic challenges and limitations such as species differences,variability in disease models,and potential adverse ***,the findings underscore the multifaceted role of EGFR in kidney diseases,influencing inflammation,fibrosis,and tissue *** complex involvement suggests that targeting EGFR may be a beneficial therapeutic strategy for managing these conditions,potentially mitigating inflammation and fibrosis while promoting tissue repair.

关键词： Epidermal growth factor receptor Chronic kidney disease Acute kidney injury Tubulointerstitial fibrosis

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