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ECMO utilization in infants with congenital diaphragmatic hernia in the USA

World Journal of Pediatric Surgery 2022年第4期5卷 240-246页

作者： Artemiy Kokhanov Claudia Lau meena garg Howard Jen Alison Chu Neonatology MemorialCare Miller Children's and Women's Hospital Long BeachLong BeachCaliforniaUSA Pediatrics University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Neonatology and Developmental Biology University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA Pediatric Surgery University of California Los Angeles David Geffen School of MedicineLos AngelesCaliforniaUSA

Background Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a cause of significant morbidity. CDH is the most common neonatal diagnosis requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).Methods We compared the different characteristics of ECMO and non-ECMO patients with CDH in a case-control study. Data were extracted from the Kids’ Inpatient Database. Records from 2006 to 2016 were used. Patients <28 days of age were selected. CDH infants (n=9217) were stratified based on whether they were treated with ECMO (n=348) or not (n=8869). Demographic data and hospital characteristics were collected. Categorical variables were analyzed using χ2 tests to determine associations between the ECMO-treated and non-ECMO-treated infants on demographic and clinical characteristics. Differences in hospitalization costs were analyzed using t-test. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were stratified by clinical and demographic characteristics to identify factors associated with ECMO. Significant variables were included in the model to determine predictors for *** The proportion of infants treated with ECMO was higher in White infants, and lower in Hispanics. The cost of hospitalization was higher with ECMO (p<0.0001). ECMO patients were more likely to be treated in their birth hospital (p<0.001), at an urban location (p<0.001) and more likely to have private insurance (p=0.011). After adjusting for confounders, odds of ECMO treatment remained lower in Hispanics (p=0.001) and self-payers (p=0.004).Conclusion There was a decrease in the proportion of CDH infants needing ECMO use in the USA from 2006 to 2016. Disparities exist in ECMO use and mortality between different ethnic groups and regions of the USA.

关键词： ECMO diagnosis likely

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A Contemporary Review on Drought Modeling Using Machine Learning Approaches

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2021年第8期128卷 447-487页

作者： Karpagam Sundararajan Lalit garg Kathiravan Srinivasan Ali Kashif Bashir Jayakumar Kaliappan Ganapathy Pattukandan Ganapathy Senthil Kumaran Selvaraj T.meena School of Information Technology and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India Faculty of Information and Communication Technology University of MaltaMsidaMSD2080Malta Department of Computing and Mathematics Manchester Metropolitan UniversityManchesterM156BHUK School of Computer Science and Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India Centre for Disaster Mitigation and Management Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India Department of Manufacturing Engineering School of Mechanical EngineeringVellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India School of Civil Engineering Vellore Institute of TechnologyVellore632014India

Drought is the least understood natural disaster due to the complex relationship of multiple contributory factors. Itsbeginning and end are hard to gauge, and they can last for months or even for years. India has faced many droughtsin the last few decades. Predicting future droughts is vital for framing drought management plans to sustainnatural resources. The data-driven modelling for forecasting the metrological time series prediction is becomingmore powerful and flexible with computational intelligence techniques. Machine learning (ML) techniques havedemonstrated success in the drought prediction process and are becoming popular to predict the weather, especiallythe minimum temperature using backpropagation algorithms. The favourite ML techniques for weather forecastinginclude support vector machines (SVM), support vector regression, random forest, decision tree, logistic regression,Naive Bayes, linear regression, gradient boosting tree, k-nearest neighbours (KNN), the adaptive neuro-fuzzyinference system, the feed-forward neural networks, Markovian chain, Bayesian network, hidden Markov models,and autoregressive moving averages, evolutionary algorithms, deep learning and many more. This paper presentsa recent review of the literature using ML in drought prediction, the drought indices, dataset, and performancemetrics.

关键词： Drought forecasting machine learning drought indices stochastic models fuzzy logic dynamic method hybrid method

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Outcome of COVID-19 infection in patients on antihypertensives:A cross-sectional study

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World Journal of Critical Care Medicine 2024年第3期13卷 42-52页

作者： Sakthivadivel Varatharajan Gopal K Bohra Pradeep K Bhatia Satyendra Khichar Mahadev meena Naveenraj Palanisamy Archana Gaur Mahendra K garg Department of General Medicine All India Institute of Medical Sciences-BibinagarHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of General Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesJodhpur 342005RajasthanIndia Department of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care All India Institute of Medical SciencesJodhpur 342005RajasthanIndia Department of General Medicine All India Institute of Medical SciencesBhopal 462020Madhya PradeshIndia Department of General Medicine ESIC Medical College&HospitalChennai 600021TamilnaduIndia Department of Physiology All India Institute of Medical Sciences-BibinagarHyderabad 508126TelanganaIndia Department of Endocrinology&Metabolism All India Institute of Medical SciencesJodhpur 342005RajasthanIndia

BACKGROUND Patients with coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection frequently have hypertension as a co-morbidity,which is linked to adverse *** may affect the outcome of COVID-19 *** To assess the effects of antihypertensive agents on the outcomes of COVID-19 *** A total of 260 patients were included,and their demographic data and clinical profile were *** patients were categorized into nonhypertensive,angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker(ACEI/ARB),calcium channel blocker(CCB),a combination of ACEI/ARB and CCB,and beta-blocker ***,hematological,and inflammatory markers were *** severity of infection,intensive care unit(ICU)intervention,and outcome were *** The mean age of patients was approximately 60-years-old in all groups,except the nonhypertensive *** were predominant in all *** was the most common presenting *** respiratory distress syndrome was the most common complication,and was mostly found in the CCB *** cases,ICU intervention,and mortality were also higher in the CCB *** logistic regression analysis revealed that age,duration of antihypertensive therapy,erythrocyte sedimentation rate,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein,and interleukin 6 were significantly associated with *** duration of antihypertensive therapy exhibited a sensitivity of 70.8%and specificity of 55.7%,with a cut-off value of 4.5 years and an area under the curve of 0.670(0.574-0.767;95%confidence interval)for COVID-19 *** The type of antihypertensive medication has no impact on the clinical sequence or mortality of patients with COVID-19 ***,the duration of antihypertensive therapy is associated with poor outcomes.

关键词： Antihypertensive COVID-19 Hypertension Mortality Outcome

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