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Immunotherapy for gastric cancer and liver metastasis: Is it time to bid farewell

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第8期16卷 2365-2368页

作者： ahmed Dehal Department of Clinical Sciences Kaiser Permanente School of MedicinePanoramaCA 91402United States

Patients with metastatic gastric cancer have a grim *** che-motherapy offers a limited survival improvement,but recent advancements in immunotherapy have sparked ***,the effectiveness of immunothe-rapy in patients with liver metastases remains *** article reviews a recent study by Liu et al and evaluates conflicting evidence on the impact of liver metastases on response to immunotherapy in metastatic gastric *** some studies suggest no significant difference in treatment response based on liver involvement,others report varied response *** present study,a re-trospective analysis of 48 patients by Liu et al,examines this issue and concludes that immunotherapy is less effective in patients with liver *** methodological limitations and a small sample size,the study contributes to the ongoing *** nuanced response to immunotherapy in certain patients underscores the importance of understanding the tumor microenvironment,immune cell infiltration,and the expression of immune *** than dismissing immunotherapy for patients with gastric cancer and liver metastases,a shift towards personalized treatment strategies and a more profound under-standing of tumor-specific biomarkers is *** unraveling the molecular intricacies of individual cases,clinicians may tailor more effective and customized treatments,offering a glimmer of hope for this challenging patient group.

关键词： Immunotherapy Gastric cancer Liver metastasis Efficacy Prognosis

Cryogenian and Ediacaran integrative stratigraphy,biotas,and paleogeographical evolution of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第4期67卷 919-949页

作者： Lang SUN Malik Muhammad Saud Sajid khan Chuan YANG Zhixin SUN Bing PAN Shehryar ahmed Lanyun MIAO Weichen SUN Chunlin HU Xiaojuan SUN Cui LUO Bo CHEN Zongjun YIN Fangchen ZHAO Guoxiang LI Maoyan ZHU State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy Nanjing Institute of Geology and PalaeontologyChinese Academy of SciencesNanjing 210008China College of Earth and Planetary Sciences University of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100049China

The complex evolutionary history of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding areas,including the continental blocks(Indian,Lhasa,South Qiangtang,Tarim,Olongbuluk,Central Qilian,Alxa,North China,Yangtze,Central Iran and Oman)and the orogenic belts between them,has long been the frontier in Earth science *** Cryogenian and Ediacaran strata are extensively distributed in these ***,relatively complete Cryogenian and Ediacaran successions have been discovered in Oman,Indian,Yangtze,and Tarim blocks,while only the Ediacaran successions have been reported in Iran,the South Qiangtang,Central Qilian,Alxa,and North China *** on previous studies together with the integration of new materials and advancement obtained through the Second Tibetan Plateau Scientific Expedition and Research,this review aims to synthesize a correlative stratigraphic framework of the representative Cryogenian and Ediacaran sequences from the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surrounding ***,the Cryogenian and Ediacaran biotas and major geological events in these areas are comprehensively discussed in aspects of current research *** results indicate that,in general,Ediacaran fossils of each area exhibit distinct features in preservation and assemblage composition,but the typical late Ediacaran fossils Cloudina and Shaanxilithes have been reported from most of these *** addition to the two global Cryogenian glaciations,late Ediacaran glaciogenic deposits are extensively recorded in the areas within and around the northern QinghaiTibetan Plateau(including the North China,Alxa,Central Qilian,Olongbuluk,and Tarim blocks,and the North Qilian Accretionary Belt),as well as central and southern ***,further research is required to determine the age,distribution,and origin of these late Ediacaran glaciogenic ***,the middle Ediacaran DOUNCE/Shuram Excursion is widely documented in the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau and its surroundi

关键词： Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau Cryogenian Ediacaran Stratigraphy Palaeogeography Biota Gondwana

Advancements in materials for hydrogen production:A review of cutting-edge technologies

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ChemPhysMater 2024年第1期3卷 64-73页

作者： ahmed Alamiery Department of Chemical and Process Engineering Faculty of Engineering and Built EnvironmentUniversity Kebangsaan Malaysia(UKM)Bangi P.O.Box 43000SelangorMalaysia

Hydrogen,a clean and versatile energy carrier,has gained significant attention as a potential solution for addressing the challenges of climate change and energy *** hydrogen production relies heavily on the development of advanced materials that enable cost-effective and sustainable *** review article presents a comprehensive overview of cutting-edge materials used for hydrogen production,covering both traditional and emerging *** article begins by briefly introducing the importance of hydrogen as a clean energy carrier and various methods used for hydrogen *** emphasizes the critical role of these materials in enabling efficient hydrogen *** methods,such as steam methane reforming,coal gasification,biomass gasification,and water electrolysis,are discussed,highlighting the materials used and their advantages and *** review then focuses on emerging technologies that have shown promise for achieving efficient hydrogen *** water splitting is explored with an emphasis on recent advancements in semiconductor-based photocatalysts and nanostructured materials for enhanced *** oxide electrolysis cells(SOEC)are examined,discussing high-temperature electrolysis materials and advancements in electrolytes and electrode *** hydrogen production and chemical looping are also discussed,highlighting the use of microorganisms,bioengineered systems,metal oxides as oxygen carriers,and catalysts for improved hydrogen *** characterization techniques,including X-ray diffraction,spectroscopy,scanning electron microscopy,transmission electron microscopy,X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy,Auger electron spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis,and differential scanning calorimetry,have been used to gain insight into the properties and performances of *** review concludes by addressing the challenges and prospects in the field

关键词： Hydrogen production Cutting-edge technologies in hydrogen generation Sustainable hydrogen Clean energy

Evaluations of Chris-Jerry Data Using Generalized Progressive Hybrid Strategy and Its Engineering Applications

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第9期140卷 3073-3103页

作者： Refah Alotaibi Hoda Rezk ahmed Elshahhat Department of Mathematical Sciences College of SciencePrincess Nourah bint Abdulrahman UniversityP.O.Box 84428Riyadh11671Saudi Arabia Department of Statistics Al-Azhar UniversityCairo11884Egypt Faculty of Technology and Development Zagazig UniversityZagazig44519Egypt

A new one-parameter Chris-Jerry distribution,created by mixing exponential and gamma distributions,is discussed in this article in the presence of incomplete lifetime *** examine a novel generalized progressively hybrid censoring technique that ensures the experiment ends at a predefined period when the model of the test participants has a Chris-Jerry(CJ)*** the indicated censored data is present,Bayes and likelihood estimations are used to explore the CJ parameter and reliability indices,including the hazard rate and reliability *** acquire the estimated asymptotic and credible confidence intervals of each unknown ***,via the squared-error loss,the Bayes’estimators are obtained using gamma *** Bayes estimators cannot be expressed theoretically since the likelihood density is created in a complex manner;nonetheless,Markov-chain Monte Carlo techniques can be used to evaluate *** effectiveness of the investigated estimations is assessed,and some recommendations are given using Monte Carlo ***,an analysis of two engineering applications,such as mechanical equipment and ball bearing data sets,shows the applicability of the proposed approaches that may be used in real-world settings.

关键词： Chris-Jerry model generalized censoring likelihood and Bayes estimations MCMC algorithms engineering applications

An Optimization Approach of IoD Deployment for Optimal Coverage Based on Radio Frequency Model

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Computer Modeling in Engineering & Sciences 2024年第6期139卷 2627-2647页

作者： Tarek Sheltami Gamil ahmed Ansar Yasar Computer Engineering Department Interdisciplinary Research Center of Smart Mobility and LogisticsKing Fahd University of Petroleum and MineralsDhahran31261Saudi Arabia Transportation Research Institute(IMOB) Hasselt UniversityHasselt3500Belgium

Recently,Internet of Drones(IoD)has garnered significant attention due to its widespread ***,deploying IoD for area coverage poses numerous limitations and *** include interference between neighboring drones,the need for directional antennas,and altitude restrictions for *** challenges necessitate the development of efficient *** research paper presents a cooperative decision-making approach for an efficient IoDdeployment to address these challenges *** primary objective of this study is to achieve an efficient IoDdeployment strategy thatmaximizes the coverage regionwhile minimizing interference between neighboring *** deployment problem,the interference increases as the number of deployed drones increases,resulting in bad quality of *** the other hand,deploying a few drones cannot satisfy the coverage *** accomplish this,an enhanced version of a concise population-based meta-heuristic algorithm,namely Improved Particle SwarmOptimization(IPSO),is *** objective function of IPSO is defined based on the coverage probability,which is primarily influenced by the characteristics of the antennas and drone altitude.A radio frequency(RF)model is derived to evaluate the coverage quality,considering both Line of Sight(LOS)and Non-Line of Sight(NLOS)down-link coverage probabilities for ground *** is assumed that each drone is equipped with a directional antenna to optimize coverage in a given *** simulations are conducted to assess the effectiveness of the proposed *** demonstrate that the proposed method achieves maximum coverage with minimum transmission ***,a comparison is made against Collaborative Visual Area Coverage Approach(CVACA),and a game-based approach in terms of coverage quality and convergence *** simulation results reveal that our approach outperforms both CVACA and the gamebased schemes in terms of coverage an

关键词： IoD line of sight optimal deployment IPSO RF model

Local excision of early rectal cancer: A multi-centre experience of transanal endoscopic microsurgery from the United Kingdom

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第10期16卷 3114-3122页

作者： ahmed Farid Matthew Tutton Prem Thambi TS Gill Jim khan Department of General Surgery Oncology Center Mansoura UniversityCairo 11432Egypt Department of Colorectal Surgery East Suffolk and North Essex NHS TrustColchester CO11AAEssexUnited Kingdom Department of Colorectal Surgery Portsmouth Hospitals University NHS TrustPortsmouth PO63LYHampshireUnited Kingdom Department of Surgery University Hospital of North TeesStockton on Tees TS18-TS21DarlingtonUnited Kingdom Department of General Surgery Portsmouth Hospitals NHS TrustQueen Alexandra HospitalPortsmouth PO63LYHampshireUnited Kingdom

BACKGROUND Total mesorectal excision remains the gold standard for the management of rectal cancer however local excision of early rectal cancer is gaining popularity due to lower morbidity and higher acceptance by the elderly and frail *** To investigate the results of local excision of rectal cancer by transanal endoscopic microsurgery(TEMS)approach carried out at three large cancer centers in the United *** TEMS database was retrospectively reviewed to assess demographics,operative findings and post operative clinical and oncological *** is a retro-spective review of the prospective databases,which included all patients operated with TEMS approach,for early rectal cancer(Node-negative T1-T2),selected T3 in unfit/frail *** Two hundred and twenty-two patients underwent TEMS *** included 144 males(64.9%)and 78 females(35.1%),Median age was 71 *** median distance of the tumours from the anal verge 4.5 *** tumour size was 2.6 *** most frequent operative position of the patient was lithotomy(32.3%),Full-thickness rectal wall excision was done in 204 *** operating time was 90 *** blood loss was *** were two 90-day *** excision of the tumour with free microscopic margins by>1mm were accomplished in 171 patients(76.7%).Salvage total mesorectal excision was performed in 42 patients(19.8%).Median disease-free survival was 65 months(range:3-146 months)(82.8%),and median overall survival was 59 months(0-146 months).CONCLUSION TEMS provides a promising option for early rectal cancers(Large adenomas-cT1/cT2N0),and selected therapy-responding ***-thickness complete excision of the tumour is mandatory to avoid jeopardising the oncological outcomes.

关键词： Local excision Transanal endoscopic microsurgery Early rectal cancer Rectum preservation Rectum saving

Real-Time Prediction of Urban Traffic Problems Based on Artificial Intelligence-Enhanced Mobile Ad Hoc Networks(MANETS)

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Computers, Materials & Continua 2024年第5期79卷 1903-1923页

作者： ahmed Alhussen Arshiya S.Ansari Department of Computer Engineering College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia Department of Information Technology College of Computer and Information SciencesMajmaah UniversityAl-Majmaah11952Saudi Arabia

Traffic in today’s cities is a serious problem that increases travel times,negatively affects the environment,and drains financial *** study presents an Artificial Intelligence(AI)augmentedMobile Ad Hoc Networks(MANETs)based real-time prediction paradigm for urban traffic *** are wireless networks that are based on mobile devices and may *** distributed nature of MANETs and the power of AI approaches are leveraged in this framework to provide reliable and timely traffic congestion *** study suggests a unique Chaotic Spatial Fuzzy Polynomial Neural Network(CSFPNN)technique to assess real-time data acquired from various sources within *** framework uses the proposed approach to learn from the data and create predictionmodels to detect possible traffic problems and their severity in real ***-time traffic prediction allows for proactive actions like resource allocation,dynamic route advice,and traffic signal optimization to reduce *** framework supports effective decision-making,decreases travel time,lowers fuel use,and enhances overall urban mobility by giving timely information to pedestrians,drivers,and urban *** simulations and real-world datasets are used to test the proposed framework’s prediction accuracy,responsiveness,and *** results show that the suggested framework successfully anticipates urban traffic issues in real-time,enables proactive traffic management,and aids in creating smarter,more sustainable cities.

关键词： Mobile AdHocNetworks(MANET) urban traffic prediction artificial intelligence(AI) traffic congestion chaotic spatial fuzzy polynomial neural network(CSFPNN)

Utilizing N-hydroxy-9-octadecenamide as a collector in flotation separation of bastnaesite and fluorite

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Journal of Rare Earths 2024年第8期42卷 1620-1628,I0008页

作者： Zhihao Guo Sultan ahmed Khoso Mengjie Tian Wei Sun School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering Central South UniversityChangsha410083China State Key Laboratory of Mineral Processing Beijing102600China Hubei Key Laboratory for Efficient Utilization and Agglomeration of Metallurgic Mineral Resources Wuhan430081China Key Laboratoryof Hunan Province for Cleanand Efficient Utilization of Strategic Calcium-containing Mineral Resources Central South UniversityChangsha410083China Department of Mining Engineering Mehran University of Engineering&TechnologyJamshoro76062Pakistan

Bastnaesite((Ce,La,Pr,Nd)CO_(3)F) is a significant light rare earth mineral found in nature,known for its fine-grained *** is commonly employed for the recovery of fine-grained bastnaesite *** serve as an essential flotation reagent that enhance the surface hydrophobicity of target minerals.A novel collector,N-hydroxy-9-octadecenamide(N-OH-9-ODA),was synthesised in this study.N-OH-9-ODA exhibits superior selectivity compared to the traditional collector oleic acid in the flotation separation of bastnaesite and *** experimental and co mputational results indicate that N-OH-9-ODA exhibits superior selectivity due to its higher adsorption affinity for bastnaesite surface compared to fluorite *** zeta potential and the binding energies of the Ce 3d peaks in the X-ray photoelectron spectrum(XPS) of bastnaesite surface exhibit significant ***,fluorite surface demonstrates minimal alterations in its zeta potential and the binding energies of the Ca 2p peaks in its XPS after its interaction with N-OH-9-ODA.

关键词： Bastnaesite Collector Hydroxamic acids N-hydroxy-9-octadecenamide Oleic acid Rare earths

Blockchain for secure and decentralized artificial intelligence in cybersecurity: A comprehensive review

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BLOCKCHAIN-RESEARCH AND APPLICATIONS 2024年第3期5卷 184-208页

作者： Saleh, ahmed M. Shamsan Univ Tabuk Dept Informat Technol Tabuk 47512 Saudi Arabia

As the use of artificial intelligence (AI) grows within the field of cybersecurity, so does the demand for secure and decentralized AI systems to protect against potential cyber threats. Blockchain technology has emerged as the ideal approach for increasing both the security and privacy of AI systems since it provides decentralized and immutable data storage. This systematic literature review focuses on the integration of blockchain technology with decentralized AI within cybersecurity. It provides a comprehensive taxonomy of blockchain technology and decentralized AI for cybersecurity, serving as the starting point for the study. This paper begins with an overview of blockchain technology and its possible uses in cybersecurity and also analyzes its challenges and opportunities. Decentralized AI is also covered in the study, along with its potential advantages and difficulties in decentralized AI cybersecurity. Building on that foundation, this study provides convincing findings highlighting the beneficial relationships between blockchain technology and decentralized AI for cybersecurity, contributing to a nuanced comprehension of their integration. Moreover, it offers real-world uses of blockchain-enabled, decentralized AI to discuss its usefulness in tackling cybersecurity concerns. Finally, this paper discusses future research directions for blockchain-enabled decentralized AI in cybersecurity, including potential applications and implications of this technology in the field, emphasizing the potential of blockchain-enabled decentralized AI in cybersecurity to enhance security, privacy, and trust in AI systems.

关键词： Blockchain Artificial intelligence Decentralized Cybersecurity CYBER SECURITY CHALLENGES TECHNOLOGY