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Wildfire in Australia during 2019-2020, Its Impact on Health, Biodiversity and Environment with Some Proposals for Risk Management: A Review

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2021年第6期12卷 391-414页

作者： md. Kamrul Haque md. Abul Kalam Azad md. Yeamin hossain Tareq Ahmed Minhaz Uddin md. mukhtar hossain Department of Crop Science and Technology University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh Department of Fisheries Faculty of Agriculture University of Rajshahi Rajshahi Bangladesh Department of Plant Pathology and Seed Science Sylhet Agricultural University Sylhet Bangladesh School of Environmental Science and Engineering Tianjin University Tianjin China

Wildfire is closely associated with human society and having its effect on earth as well as on its environment for more than 350 million years. It is a very common phenomenon from the ancient period, has hazardous effects on both environment and human life. This study mainly focuses on the review of wildfire of Australia during 2019-2020 regarding its distribution, status of fatality influences on different environmental factors, consequences and some proposals for its mitigation. In this review paper, a modified edition of the principled review methodology was followed in compiling the most reliable data to support the bushfire in Australia belonging to its causes of occurrences and impacts. The bushfire was started in mid-June in 2019, and it is still now burning in hundreds of places of different parts of Australia, and the forest of New South Wales, Northern Territory, Western Australia, Queensland and Victoria were being burnt deadly. The accumulating data exposed the year 2019 as the driest and warmest year with lowest rainfall that might be the potential causes of bushfires in Australia. Moreover, maximum forest land of Australia is covered by naturally grown Eucalyptus trees which are generally flammable and supply oil type fuel during bushfires. Bushfire deteriorates the quality of soil, water and air of the locality up to many hundreds or thousands of kilometers away in increasing the emission of toxic substances and carbon rate. Around more than 3 billion native vertebrates, 143 million mammals, 2.46 billion reptiles, 181 million birds, 51 million frogs were burnt out by bushfires of 2020 in Australia. More than US$110 billion financial loss has been determined due to this fire of Australia. In some cases, it is also helpful for forest land. Sometimes it helps to continue the forest ecosystem by burning unwanted plants, animals and microscopic compounds. To reduce the hazard needs proper land regulation, combination of social governance, sufficient fundin

关键词： Temperature Rainfall Human Health Biodiversity Environmental Effects

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Estimation of Variability, Heritability and Genetic Advance for Phenological, Physiological and Yield Contributing Attributes in Wheat Genotypes under Heat Stress Condition

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第4期12卷 586-602页

作者： md. mukhtar hossain md. Abul Kalam Azad md. Shamiul Alam Touria El-Jaoual Eaton Department of Crop Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture Rajshahi University Rajshahi Bangladesh Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension Faculty of Agriculture Rajshahi University Rajshahi Bangladesh Cooperative Extension and Research Lincoln University of Missouri Jefferson City MO USA

The investigation was carried out in focusing the genetic variability for different traits of wheat influenced by heat tolerance mechanism to find out relationships among phenological, physiological and yield contributing traits. Spring wheat cultivar of 25 genotypes were selected and cultivated under late sowing condition at the Regional Wheat Research Institute, Shympur, Rajshahi, Bangladesh from December, 2016 to April, 2017. Significant variability among the genotypes exposed for different traits related to heat tolerance. Results showed that the genotypes G24, G10, G01, G13, G16, G25 and G14 ranked as better category considering maximum number of traits in mean performance indicating their tolerance to heat stress under late sowing condition. Phenotypic variances (σg2) of all traits were greater than those of genotypic variances (σg2). The same trends were also found in their co-efficient of variances. The phenotypic co-efficient of variances (PCV) of all traits were greater compare to those of genotypic co-efficient of variances (GCV) and their values were closer to each other. The heading days (HD), canopy temperature at vegetative stage (CTvg), canopy temperature at grain filling stage (CTgf), biomass, plant height (PH), spike/m2 (SPM), spikelet/spike (SPS), grain/ spike (GPS), thousand grain weight

关键词： Wheat Genotype Variability Heritability Genetic Advance PCV (Phenotypic Co-Efficient of Variation) GCV (Genotypic Co-Efficient of Variation) Heat Tolerance

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In Vitro Propagation of Three Strawberry Cultivars through Runner Tips Culture

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第11期14卷 1296-1304页

作者： Sussmita Karmaker md. mukhtar hossain md. Aminul Hoque md. Abdul Kaium md. Al Amin md. Saidul Islam Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension Faculty of Agriculture Rajshahi University Rajshahi Bangladesh Department of Crop Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture Rajshahi University Rajshahi Bangladesh

At the Genetics and Plant Breeding Laboratory of the Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension, University of Rajshahi, Bangladesh, strawberry in vitro propagation was done. Five Benzylaminopurine (BAP) concentrations were utilized for shoot induction—0.0 mg/L (Control), 0.5 mg/L, 1.0 mg/L, 1.5 mg/L, and 2.0 mg/L and five Indole Buteric Acid (IBA) concentrations—0.0 mg/L(Control), 0.5 mg/L, 1.0 mg/L, 1.5 mg/L, and 2.0 mg/l—were used for the induction of the root. The highest mean amount of shoots (eight) and length of the shoot (3.40 cm) were observed at a concentration of BAP of 0.5 mg/L. Festival also had the highest mean amount of leaves (6) when we used the identical concentration, while RABI-3 and Camarosa did the least well. The IBA of 0.5 mg/L concentration of rooting performed the best across all metrics tested among the five concentrations. The longest (3.3 cm) roots and most roots (7) were likewise obtained from this concentration in Festival. However, RABI-3 and Camarosa performed worse than Festival in the same concentration. Half-strength MS media without IBA concentration showed no response regarding root induction for each of the three cultivars.

关键词： Strawberry Proliferation Propagation Shoot Induction Root Induction

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Organic Amendments with Poultry Manure and Cow Dung Influence the Yield and Status of Nutrient Uptake in Wheat (Triticum aestivum)

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2022年第7期13卷 994-1005页

作者： md. Abul Kalam Azad Tazuddin Ahmed Touria El-Jaoual Eaton md. mukhtar hossain Department of Crop Science & Technology Rajshahi University Rajshahi Bangladesh Cooperative Extension and Research Lincoln University of Missouri Jefferson MO USA

The field experiment cultivating wheat during the winter season from November 2014 to March 2015 was conducted in the “North Eastern Barind Tract Soils” at Kushadaha, Nawabganj, Dinajpur in Bangladesh. The wheat variety BARI Gom 26 was selected in focusing to evaluate the effects of organic amendments using poultry manure (PM) and cow dung (CD) on the growth, yield and nutrient uptake by the plant. The texture of the field soil was clay with acidic nature (pH 5.61). The trials comprise three treatments following a randomized complete block design (RCBD) replicated thrice. Results showed that significantly greater plant height, number of tillers per hill and straw yield were 98.10 cm, 3.66 and 5425 kg/ha respectively in receiving the treatment T2 than T3 (95.66 cm, 3.38 and 4483 kg/ha) and T1 (control). Spike length, 1000 grain weight and grain yield were 9.23 cm, 39.81 kg/ha and 3100 kg/ha respectively also higher in T2 treatment than T3 (8.76 cm, 38.51 kg/ha, 3091 kg/ha) with no statistical differences among them. Therefore, the treatment T2 (PM) comprised of poultry manure and NPK exhibited as the best treatment for producing the highest in all growth and yield parameters of wheat. In wheat grain, the content of N, P, K, S, Mg, Zn and B ranged from 1.080% to 1.380% N, 0.390% to 0.398% P, 0.780% to 0.840% K, 0.079% to 0.111% S, 0.181% to 0.187% Mg, 25.56 to 29.77 ppm Zn and 10.12 to 12.54 ppm B. Similarly in straw, nutrients content ranged from 0.220 to 0.300% N, 0.045% to 0.074% P, 0.970% to 1.250% K, 0.152% to 0.191% S, 0.097% to 0.101% Mg, 10.78 to 13.23 ppm Zn and 27.98 to 2989 ppm B. Therefore, organic amendment with 5-ton cow dung (CD) ha-1 with a recommended dose of NPK significantly increased the content of N, S, Mg, Zn and B in the grain and straw of wheat. Alternatively, the poultry manure treatment with NPK significantly increased the content of P and K in the grain and straw of

关键词： Wheat Cultivation Poultry Manure Cow Dung Chemical Fertilizers Micronutrients Straw and Grain Yield

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Assessment of Different Traits to Evaluate Genetic Divergence in Some Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>L.) Genotypes under Late Sowing Condition

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2021年第5期12卷 734-747页

作者： md. mukhtar hossain md. Abul Kalam Azad Touria El-Jaoual Eaton md. Nur-Alam Siddquie Department of Crop Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture Rajshahi University Rajshahi Bangladesh Cooperative Extension and Research Lincoln University of Missouri Jefferson City USA Senior Scientific Officer Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute Shyampur Rajshahi

The research work was undertaken to identify the extent of genetic diversity in different parameters of wheat related to heat tolerance mechanism. Performances of currently available 25 spring wheat genotypes were studied at the Regional Wheat Research Institute, Shyampur, Rajshahi during the winter season of 2016/2017. All these genotypes (25) were grouped into five clusters on the basis of non-hierarchical clustering parameters viz. cluster I (G2, G5, G6, G16, G20), II (G4, G7, G9, G11, G12, G17), III (G10, G24), IV (G1, G13, G19, G21) and V (G3, G8, G14, G15, G18, G22, G23, G25). These groups were arranged into five (5) pairs of clusters viz. cluster I and III;II and III;II and V;III and IV;IV and V considering their similar potentiality of different traits. Results revealed that the maximum number of genotypes (8) was found in cluster V while cluster III comprised minimum genotypes (2). The inter-cluster distance was higher than intra-cluster distances. The highest and second highest eigenvalues belonged to spike/m2 (25.23%) and spikelets/spike (20.18%) respectively, along with positive canonical values in both the vectors 1 and 2 for these two traits identified them as major traits by exposing their highest potential toward genetic divergence. Cluster III produced the highest spike/m2 (388.8), grain/spike (48.1), plant height (89.5 cm), SPAD (54.2), yield (2799 kg/ha) and biomass (7758.1 Kg/ha) with lowest heading days (64.7 days), maturity days (98.7 days), canopy temperature at vegetative stage (21.7°C) and canopy temperature at grain filling stage (22.4°C). In contrast, cl

关键词： Genetic Divergence Heat Tolerance Assessment of Different Traits Cluster Analysis Principal Component Analysis Selection of Genotype

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In Vitro Propagation of Three Strawberry Varieties and Field Evaluation

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第11期14卷 1214-1222页

作者： Sussmita Karmaker md. mukhtar hossain md. Aminul Hoque md. Abdul Kaium Tabaraka Binte Ali Musfika Ferdous Department of Agronomy and Agricultural Extension Faculty of Agriculture Rajshahi University Rajshahi Bangladesh Department of Crop Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture Rajshahi University Rajshahi Bangladesh

A study was done to produce a rapid in vitro propagation of three strawberry genotypes and tested in the field under Bangladeshi circumstances. Festival, RABI-3, and Neho strawberry genotypes’ runner tips were cultivated in vitro to induce root induction and multiple shoot proliferation. MS (Murashige and Skoog) media that were basally containing three different concentrations at 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0 of BA (6-benzyl adenine), KIN (6-furfuryl amino purine), or GA3 (gibberellic acid) at 0.5 mg/L increasing tips of the runner was attained. The culture grew on the medium provided with 1.5 mg/L 6-benzyl adenine and 0.5 mg/L 6-furfuryl amino acid to increase shoot at the best level. Micro-cuttings were rooted on MS media at half strength combined with 0.5 mg/L - 1.5 mg/L IBA (indole butyric acid) or IAA (indole acetic acid). IBA attained 4 - 9 roots and 91% - 96% rooting at 1.0 mg/L. The resulting plantlets grew into hardy plants and took root in the earth. The genotype festival had the highest response rate, followed by RABI-3 and Neho.

关键词： Strawberry In Vitro Propagation Genotypes Root Induction Shoot Proliferation

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Evaluation of Genetic Divergence in Various Potato Genotypes Grown in Bangladesh through Different Traits Assessment

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第11期14卷 1235-1247页

作者： md. mukhtar hossain md. Abdul Kaium md. Al Amin Tabaraka Binte Ali Nusrat Jahan md.Nasim Uddin Department of Crop Science and Technology Faculty of Agriculture Rajshahi University Rajshahi Bangladesh

The goal of the study was to quantify the genetic diversity of different potato varieties. Five groups were named to classify the 25 genres of potatoes as: Cluster I (Lalpakri, Diamond), Cluster II (Hagrai, Green Mountain, G.M.O., Elvera), Cluster III (Atlantic, Shepody, Raja, Fundy, Multa, Granulla, Shibilati, Japanese Red), Cluster IV (Atlas, Brondy, Yucon Gold, Monona, Petrones, Cheroki), and Cluster V (Calwhite, Prelude, Allblue, Russet, Burbank, TPS-67). The highest and lowest genotypes are found in Clusters III and I, respectively. The two groups’ maximum inter-cluster distance (the cluster’s distance between them) demonstrates the enormous diversity between Clusters II & III. Cluster III had the greatest intra-cluster distance (distance within a set), whereas Cluster V had the smallest. In most cases, the distance between gaps was more significant than the distance within the holes, showing greater genetic diversity between different groups’ genotypes. The highest, second highest, and third highest eigenvalues, accompanying the positive canonical values for Vectors I and II of three characteristics: average tuber weight in each plant, the tubers number in each plant, and the eyes number in each tuber, showed the most outstanding contribution to the complete difference between genotypes. Of the nine features, the smaller leaves number in each plant, the shorter plant height, the more minor genotypes, the fewer eyes per tube generated from Cluster I, the maximum height of the plants, the high-quality tubers in each plant, the tubers number in each plant, the fresh weight in each plant, and the leaf number in each plant from Cluster II could be chosen in the role of parents in this program for hybridization. Given the size of the genetic distance, the various characteristics that contribute to the overall difference, and the average population size, Hagrai, Green Mountain, O.M.G., Elvera Cluster II and Cluster I, Lalpakri, and Diamond genotypes can be regarded a

关键词： Genetic Divergence Potato Genotypes Different Traits Cluster Analysis Principal Component Analysis

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Yield of Wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) and Nutrient Uptake in Grain and Straw as Influenced by Some Macro (S &Mg) and Micro (B &Zn) Nutrients

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Natural Science 2021年第9期13卷 381-391页

作者： md. Abul Kalam Azad Tazuddin Ahmed Touria El-Jaoual Eaton md. mukhtar hossain md. Kamrul Haque Edward Binod Soren Department of Crop Science & Technology Rajshahi University Rajshahi Bangladesh Cooperative Extension and Research Lincoln University of Missouri Jefferson MO USA

A wheat variety BARI Gom 26 was cultivated with an objective of evaluating the effects of macro/secondary nutrients as S and Mg, and micro nutrients as B and Zn on yield, yield contributing traits and nutrient uptake status by the crop. The field experiment was con-ducted in the “North Eastern Barind Tract Soils” at Kushadaha, Nawabganj, Dinajpur, Bangladesh from November, 2014 to March, 2015. The surface soil was clay in texture, having pH 5.61, organic matter 1.58%, total N 0.10%, available P 7.03 ppm, exchangeable K 0.11 meq/100g, available S 2.57 ppm, exchangeable Mg 0.55 meq/100g, available Zn 1.30 ppm, available B 0.08 ppm. The experiment was designed with five treatments laid out in a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. The treatments were T1: NPK (control), T2: NPK + S, T3: NPK + S + Mg, T4: NPK + S + Mg + Zn and T5: NPK + S + Mg + Zn + B. All plots of wheat received 100 kg N/ha, 30 kg P/ha and 70 kg K/ha as basal dose. The secondary and micro nutrients doses were 15 kg S/ha, 6 kg Mg/ha, 2.5 kg Zn/ha and 1.5 kg B/ha. Results revealed that the plant height, tillers/hill, 1000-grain weight, yield of grain and straw, uptake of some specific nutrients in grain and straw were signifi-cantly influenced by all the treatments, though these treatments did not show any identical effect on spike length, content of P and Mg in wheat. Significantly highest amount of 1000-grain weight, yield of grain and straw weight of wheat were obtained in applying T2 treatment that employed the addition of S with recommended dose of NPK. Significant positive effects were also observed for the rest parameters in receiving the treatments composed of secondary and micronutrients (T3, T4, and T5). The highest concentration of nutrient uptake N, P, K and S in grain and straw of wheat were also obtained due to the application of T2 treatment. In the case of Mg, the maximum uptake was recorded in T4 where Mg was added as a component of this treatment. In contrast

关键词： Grain Straw Treatments Nutrient Content Nutrient Uptake Wheat Yield

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Rheological and physicochemical characteristics of asphalt mastics incorporating lime kiln dust and dolomite powder as sustainable fillers

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Journal of Road Engineering 2023年第1期3卷 98-112页

作者： Najib mukhtar Mohd Rosli Mohd Hasan Hanizah Osman Zainiah Mohd Zin Khairul Anuar Shariff Nur Izzi md.Yusoff Ashiru Sani School of Civil Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(Engineering Campus)Nibong Tebal 14300PenangMalaysia Department of Civil Engineering Bayero University KanoKabuga 700241 KanoNigeria School of Materials and Mineral Resources Engineering Universiti Sains Malaysia(Engineering Campus)Nibong Tebal 14300PenangMalaysia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of Engineering&Built EnvironmentUniversiti Kebangsaan MalaysiaSelangor Darul Ehsan 43600Malaysia Department of Civil Engineering Kano University of Science and TechnologyKano 3244Nigeria

The filler-bitumen interaction mechanism is one of the most essential phases for comprehending the asphalt mixture's ***,despite numerous studies,in-depth knowledge of filler-bitumen reciprocity at a microscale level is yet to be *** goal of this research is to gain a better understanding of the fillerbitumen microscale interaction in terms of the synergy and coaction between the physicochemical and rheological performance of mastics due to filler *** rheological properties of two sustainable mastics,dolomite powder(DP)and lime kiln dust(LKD),together with a neat PEN 60/70 binder,were analysed based on a temperature sweep at elevated temperature ***,frequency sweep and multiple stress creep recovery(MSCR)tests were also conducted at pavement serviceability temperature using the dynamic shear rheometer(DSR).Physicochemical tests using a scanning electron microscope(SEM)and energy dispersive X-rays(EDX)were conducted to analyse the impact of parameters such as particle shape,grain size,texture,and chemical *** DSR test results showcased how the incorporation of fillers in asphalt binder considerably improved the performance of the binder in terms of rutting and ***,its strain and nonrecoverable compliance parameters were substantially reduced at higher filler and binder *** filler attributes of low rigden voids(R.V),high fineness modulus(FM),and high specific surface area(SSA)led to greater interfacial stiffness and elasticity in LKD mastics compared to DP mastics at different loading frequencies and temperature *** SEM/EDX results also indicated that the elemental calcium and carbon composition of each filler component,together with its grain morphology,strongly influenced its rheological performance.

关键词： Asphalt mastics Industrial by-product Waste recycling Sustainable material consumption Rheological behaviour Chemical characterisation

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地热能在预热中的应用综述

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Journal of Central South University 2023年第11期30卷 3519-3537页

作者： Mohammad ALHUYI NAZARI Ravinder KUMAR Azfarizal mukhtar Ahmad Shah Hizam md.YASIR Mohammad Hossein AHMADI Mohammed AL-BAHRANI Faculty of New Sciences and Technologies University of TehranTehranIran School of Mechanical Engineering Lovely Professional UniversityPhagwaraPunjab 144411India Institute of Sustainable Energy Putrajaya CampusUniversiti Tenaga NasionalJalan IKRAM-UNITENKajang 43000Malaysia Faculty of Resilience Rabdan AcademyAbu DhabiUAE Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Shahrood University of TechnologyShahroodIran Chemical Engineering and Petroleum Industries Department Al-Mustaqbal University CollegeBabylon 51001Iraq

考虑到化石燃料的环境污染和成本波动等问题,发展可再生能源技术是未来可持续能源供应的必要和必然。与太阳能和风能相比,地热能在一天中的所有时间都是可利用的。这种可再生能源适用于供暖、制冷、淡水和电力的清洁供应。地热能除了作... 详细信息

考虑到化石燃料的环境污染和成本波动等问题,发展可再生能源技术是未来可持续能源供应的必要和必然。与太阳能和风能相比,地热能在一天中的所有时间都是可利用的。这种可再生能源适用于供暖、制冷、淡水和电力的清洁供应。地热能除了作为主要能源直接用于发电外,还可以作为辅助热源用于预热,减少温室气体排放,节约燃料。在这些系统中,利用地热热源的热量进行蒸汽预热。此外,地热能可用于其他能源系统,如制氢装置,用于预热电解过程中消耗的水。针对利用地热能进行预热的优势,综述了地热能预热系统的应用研究。通过这一研究可以看出,利用地热能进行预热在节约燃料和提高性能方面具有很大的潜力。上述系统的性能取决于系统的配置、钻孔规格和地热源温度等因素。通过实施优化,可以进一步改进这些系统。

关键词：地热能预热火力发电厂节约燃料

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