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Comparison of Propofol and Fentanyl for Preventing Emergence Agitation Following Sevoflurane Anesthesia in Pediatric Patients: A Single-Center Study in Bangladesh

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Pharmacology & Pharmacy 2024年第6期15卷 223-235页

作者： md. Saiful Islam Khan md. Abir Tazim Chowdhury Farzana Fardousi Munama Magdum md. Ahaduzzaman Taneem Mohammad Shamima Akter Suriya Akter md. Saiful Islam Azad md. Mozaffer Hossain M. Abdur Rahman Department of Cardiothoracic Anesthesia Evercare Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery Evercare Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Pathology National Institute of Cancer Research & Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Preventive and Social Medicine National Institute of Preventive and Social Medicine Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Anesthesia Sheikh Sayera Khatun Medical College Gopalgonj Bangladesh Department of Anesthesia Dhaka Medical College Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Anesthesia Combined Military Hospital Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Cardiac Anesthesia National Institute of Cardiovascular Disease Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Anesthesia Bangladesh Medical College Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Emergence agitation (EA) is a common phenomenon observed in pediatric patients following general anesthesia. This study aimed to assess the efficacy of propofol and fentanyl in preventing EA and to compare their associated complications or side effects. Methods: This prospective randomized observational comparative study was conducted at Dhaka Medical College Hospital from July 2013 to June 2014. The study aimed to evaluate the effects of propofol and fentanyl on EA in children aged 18 to 72 months undergoing circumcision, herniotomy, and polypectomy operations. Ninety children were included in the study, with 45 in each group. Patients with psychological or neurological disorders were excluded. Various parameters including age, sex, weight, American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) class, duration of anesthesia, Saturation of Peripheral Oxygen (SPO2), heart rate (HR), respiratory rate (RR), Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) score, duration of post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) stay, incidence of laryngospasm, nausea, vomiting, and rescue drug requirement were compared between the two groups. Results: Age, sex, weight, ASA class, and duration of anesthesia were comparable between the two groups. Perioperative SpO2 and HR were similar in both groups. However, the PAED score was significantly higher in the fentanyl group during all follow-ups except at 30 minutes postoperatively. The mean duration of PACU stay was significantly longer in the fentanyl group. Although the incidence of laryngospasm was higher in the fentanyl group, it was not statistically significant. Conversely, nausea or vomiting was significantly higher in the fentanyl group. The requirement for rescue drugs was significantly higher in the fentanyl group compared to the propofol group. Conclusion: Both propofol and fentanyl were effective in preventing emergence agitation in pediatric patients undergoing various surgical procedures under sevoflurane anesthesia. However, propo

关键词： Emergence Agitation (EA) General Anesthesia Propofol Fentanyl Pediatric Patients Pediatric Anesthesia Emergence Delirium (PAED) Score Bangladesh

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Effective Elimination of Hazardous Chromium (VI) Using Periodic Elements and Contemporary Adsorption Methods by Using Magnesium Ferrite Nanoparticle: A Review

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第5期15卷 596-619页

作者： Nazmun Nahar Mahabub Hossain Swaron md. Aliuzzaman Sheik md. Jamal Uddin Department of Soil and Environmental Sciences University of Barishal Barishal Bangladesh

A well-known hazardous metal and top contaminant in wastewater is hexavalent chromium. The two forms of most commonly found chromium are chromate ( CrO 4 2− ) and dichromate ( Cr 2 O 7 2− ). Leather tanning, cooling tower blow-down, plating, electroplating, rinse water sources, anodizing baths etc. are the main sources of Cr (VI) contamination. The Cr (VI) is not only non-biodegradable in the environment but also carcinogenic to living population. It is still difficult to treat Cr contaminated waste water effectively, safely, eco-friendly, and economically. As a result, many techniques have been used to treat Cr (VI)-polluted wastewater, including adsorption, chemical precipitation, coagulation, ion-exchange, and filtration. Among these practices, the most practical method is adsorption for the removal of Cr (VI) from aqueous solutions, which has gained widespread acceptance due to the ease of use and affordability of the equipment and adsorbent. It has been revealed that Fe-based adsorbents’ oxides and hydroxides have high adsorptive potential to lower Cr (VI) content below the advised threshold. Fe-based adsorbents were also discovered to be relatively cheap and toxic-free in Cr (VI) treatment. Fe-based adsorbents are commonly utilized in industry. It has been discovered that nanoparticles of Fe-, Ti-, and Cu-based adsorbents have a better capacity to remove Cr (VI). Cr (VI) was effectively removed from contaminated water using mixed element-based adsorbents (Fe-Mn, Fe-Ti, Fe-Cu, Fe-Zr, Fe-Cu-Y, Fe-Mg, etc.). Initial findings suggest that Cr (VI) removal from wastewater may be accomplished by using magnesium ferrite nanomaterials as an efficient adsorbent.

关键词： Chromium (VI) Periodic Elements Adsorption Elimination Magnesium Ferrite

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Designing an Effective Method for Automatic Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in a Static Environment

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Journal of Power and Energy Engineering 2024年第1期12卷 15-28页

作者： md. Robiul Islam Maisha Islam Tania Sarkar Hanif Mia md. Asadullah Department of Electrical Engineering Hohai University Nanjing China Institute of Science Trade & Technology (ISTT) Dhaka Bangladesh

This article outlines an Effective Method for Automatic Electric Vehicle Charging Stations in a Static Environment. It consists of investigated wireless transformer structures with various ferrite forms. WPT technology has rapidly advanced in the last few years. At kilowatt power levels, the transmission distance grows from a few millimeters to several hundred millimeters with a grid to load efficiency greater than 90%. The improvements have made the WPT more appealing for electric vehicle (EV) charging applications in both static and dynamic charging scenarios. Static and dynamic WEVCS, two of the main applications, are described, and current developments with features from research facilities, academic institutions, and businesses are noted. Additionally, forthcoming concepts based WEVCS are analyzed and examined, including “dynamic” wireless charging systems (WCS). A dynamic wireless power transfer (DWPT) system, which can supply electricity to moving EVs, is one of the feasible alternatives. The moving secondary coil is part of the dynamic WPT system, which also comprises of many fixed groundside (primary) coils. An equivalent circuit between the stationary system and the dynamic WPT system that results from the stationary system is demonstrated by theoretical investigations. The dynamic WPT system’s solenoid coils outperform circular coils in terms of flux distribution and misalignment. The WPT-related EV wireless charging technologies were examined in this study. WPT can assist EVs in overcoming their restrictions on cost, range, and charging time.

关键词： Dynamic Wireless Power Transfer (DWPT) Wireless Charging System (WCS) Electric Vehicle (EV) Dynamic Performance

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Rural Resilience: A Comprehensive Study on Water Supply, Sanitation, Disease Patterns, and Hygiene Practices in Munshiganj, Bangladesh

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Journal of Environmental Protection 2024年第1期15卷 63-75页

作者： Jubayer Hoque Rifat Islam md. Mustafizur Rahman md. Golam Rabbani md. Selim Reja Saifur Rahman Soykat Saim Raiyan md. Shafiqul Ahsan Emon Sakil Khan Department of Environmental Science and Disaster Management Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University Gopalgnj Bangladesh Department of Political Science Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University GopalgnjBangladesh Department of Statistics Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujibur Rahman Science and Technology University Gopalgnj Bangladesh

This research project investigates the current status of water supply, sanitation, and hygiene practices in Munshiganj District, Bangladesh. Data collection involved a structured questionnaire and a reconnaissance survey. Findings reveal that 30% of individuals rely on surface water (hand-tube wells, rivers, and ponds), prioritized as canal > river > pond, while 70% depend on groundwater (subterranean electric motor, deep tube-well). Drinking water is generally sufficient, with 95% reporting adequacy throughout the year. About 45% use hand tube-well water, 28% use deep tube-well water, and 11% use supply tap water for various purposes. Bathing trends include underground water through electric motor > pond > hand tube-well water > river, while for cooking, the order is underground water through electric motor > pond > hand tube-well water > river. Toilet water supply ranks as supply tap water > hand tube-well water > deep tube-well water. Although sanitation awareness is high, some lack knowledge of good hygiene practices. After defecating, handwashing methods include soap, ash, soil, or water. Children’s waste disposal varies, with some discarding it in open areas. Approximately 40% suffer from diseases like Diarrhoea due to unsafe water, primarily affecting children and elders. Training exists, but a significant portion lacks sanitation education. Dry skin or exposure to cold water may cause temporary irritation. Local government involvement in sanitation efforts is less active compared to non-governmental organizations. Results emphasize the need to enhance community awareness of safe water supplies and sanitation practices. .

关键词： Water Supply Sanitation Practices Hygiene Awareness Groundwater Dependency Community Health Intervention

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An Efficient Approach for Transforming Unbalanced Transportation Problems into Balanced Problems in Order to Find Optimal Solutions

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American Journal of Operations Research 2024年第1期14卷 74-86页

作者： Abdur Rashid md. Amirul Islam Department of Mathematics Jahangirnagar University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Mathematics Uttara University Dhaka Bangladesh

In operations research, the transportation problem (TP) is among the earliest and most effective applications of the linear programming problem. Unbalanced transportation problems reflect the reality of supply chain and logistics situations where the available supply of goods may not precisely match the demand at different locations. To deal with an unbalanced transportation problem (UTP), it is essential first to convert it into a balanced transportation problem (BTP) to find an initial basic feasible solution (IBFS) and hence the optimal solution. The present paper is concerned with introducing a new approach to convert an unbalanced transportation problem into a balanced one and as a consequence to obtain optimum total transportation cost. Numerical examples are provided to demonstrate the suggested method.

关键词： Unbalanced Transportation Problem (UTP) Supply Demand Initial Solution Optimal Solution

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Legendre-Weighted Residual Methods for System of Fractional Order Differential Equations

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第9期12卷 3163-3184页

作者： Umme Ruman md. Shafiqul Islam Department of Computer Science & Engineering Green University of Bangladesh Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Applied Mathematics University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh

The numerical approach for finding the solution of fractional order systems of boundary value problems (BPVs) is derived in this paper. The implementation of the weighted residuals such as Galerkin, Least Square, and Collocation methods are included for solving fractional order differential equations, which is broadened to acquire the approximate solutions of fractional order systems with differentiable polynomials, namely Legendre polynomials, as basis functions. The algorithm of the residual formulations of matrix form can be coded efficiently. The interpretation of Caputo fractional derivatives is employed here. We have demonstrated these methods numerically through a few examples of linear and nonlinear BVPs. The results in absolute errors show that the present method efficiently finds the numerical solutions of fractional order systems of differential equations.

关键词： Fractional Differential Equations System of Fractional Order BVPs Weighted Residual Methods Modified Legendre Polynomials

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Galerkin-Bernstein Approximations for the System of Third-Order Nonlinear Boundary Value Problems

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第6期12卷 2083-2101页

作者： Snigdha Dhar md. Shafiqul Islam Department of Applied Mathematics University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh

This paper is devoted to find the numerical solutions of one dimensional general nonlinear system of third-order boundary value problems (BVPs) for the pair of functions using Galerkin weighted residual method. We derive mathematical formulations in matrix form, in detail, by exploiting Bernstein polynomials as basis functions. A reasonable accuracy is found when the proposed method is used on few examples. At the end of the study, a comparison is made between the approximate and exact solutions, and also with the solutions of the existing methods. Our results converge monotonically to the exact solutions. In addition, we show that the derived formulations may be applicable by reducing higher order complicated BVP into a lower order system of BVPs, and the performance of the numerical solutions is satisfactory. .

关键词： System of Third-Order BVP Galerkin Method Bernstein Polynomials Nonlinear BVP Higher-Order BVP

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Characteristics of Multi-Objective Linear Programming Problem and Multi-Objective Linear Fractional Programming Problem Taking Maximum Value of Multi-Objective Functions

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Applied Mathematics 2024年第1期15卷 22-32页

作者： Samsun Nahar md. Asadujjaman Khadiza Begum Mahede-Ul-Hassan md. Abdul Alim Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities University of Asia Pacific Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Mathematics University of Dhaka Dhaka Bangladesh Computer Science and Engineering Department Prime University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Mathematics and Statistics Bangladesh University of Business and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Mathematics Bangladesh University of Engineering and Technology Dhaka Bangladesh

In this paper, a new statistical averaging technique is proposed for finding an optimal solution to a multi-objective linear fractional programming problem (MOLFPP) and multi-objective linear programming problem (MOLPP) by using new arithmetic averaging method and new geometric averaging method. It is significantly noticeable same characteristics among all the technique while taking maximum or minimum among all optimized values for multi-objective functions using simplex algorithm. The characteristics provided from the problems are verified by the numerical examples.

关键词： MOLPP MOLFPP New Arithmetic Averaging Method New Geometric Averaging Method

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Clinical Complementary Medicine and Pharmacology 2024年第1期4卷 85-94页

作者： Iffat Ara Rita Turcio Tasmia Islam md.Sabbir Hossain md.kamrul Hasan Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Tejgaon CollegeNational UniversityGazipur-1700Bangladesh Department of Pharmacy University of Naples Federico IIvia Domenico Montesano49-80131 Napoli NAItaly Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Jashore University of Science and TechnologyJashore-7408Bangladesh Department of Public Health North South UniversityDhaka-1229Bangladesh

Background:Licochalcone A(LCA)is a flavonoid derived from the roots of Glycyrrhiza uralensis *** DC and other related *** natural source has been extensively used in complementary medicine,especially traditional Chinese medicine,to treat various *** as a phenolic chalcone compound,LCA has gained significant attention in recent years due to its various pharmacological ***:The objective of this review article is to assess the anti-aging ralated pharmacological properties of ***:An exhaustive search of several scientific databases was conducted using various relevant keywords to write this review article on LCA,focusing on its therapeutic applications and anti-aging-related pharmacological *** inclusion and exclusion criteria were strictly followed to retrieve updated relevant ***:A collection of 292 papers were screened,and 131 were included in this review for an in-depth analysis of Licochalcone A,focusing on its anti-aging-related pharmacological activities and relevant mechanisms,and its toxicity and side ***,the potential of LCA as a pharmacological product is discussed,emphasizing its health benefits and potential as a pharmaceutical ***:These findings indicate that Licochalcone A is a promising natural therapeutic agent for anti-aging therapy and other ailments.

关键词： Licochalcone A Glycyrrhiza uralensis Chalcone Anti-aging Neuroprotective Antioxidant Skin protection Therapeutic agent

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Preparation of Durable Antibacterial Polyester Fabrics by Grafting with the Natural Quaternary Ammonium Compound Betaine

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2024年第9期15卷 378-398页

作者： md.Shariful Islam md.kamrul Hasan Arifur Rahman Shakhauat Hossen md.Anwarul Islam Sachi Xinbo Ding School of Textile Science and Engineering International Silk Institute Zhejiang Sci-Tech University Hangzhou China King Graduate School Monroe College Bronx NY USA

Recently, the textile industry has increasingly advocated for natural resource-based healthcare textiles. This research presents a facile and eco-friendly approach to developing durable antibacterial polyester fabrics. Polyester fabric was first subjected to an alkaline hydrolysis to impart hydroxyl groups on the fiber surface. A natural antibacterial agent, betaine, was then covalently bonded to the hydrolyzed polyester fiber surface through esterification. XPS, Raman, SEM, and Wicking measurements were carried out to verify the esterification reaction. Antibacterial tests confirmed that betaine treatment grafted polyester fabrics revealed a remarkable antibacterial effect with inhibition rates > 99.9% against both E. coli and S. aureus and still remained inhibition rates of up to 91.5% against both bacteria after home washing for 20 cycles. Moreover, the modification significantly increased the capillary effect of polyester fabric but did not cause apparent adverse effects on the fabric’s hand or tensile strength. Overall, this grafting strategy for durable, antibacterial polyester fabric represents a significant practicality in the textile industry.

关键词： Polyester Fabric Betaine Antibacterial Durability Capillary

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