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Investigation of the Potential Association between Clustered Regularly Interspersed Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR) and Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacterial Strains Isolated from Medical Waste and Environmental Water

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Open Journal of Medical Microbiology 2018年第2期8卷 13-25页

作者： md.Shahariar Alam Sajib Chakraborty Taibur Rahman md.Ismail Hosen Anik Paul A.K.M.Mahbub Hasan M.anwar Hossain Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology University of DhakaDhakaBangladesh

Enterobacteriaceae are important human pathogens that cause many food and waterborne illness. Rapid emergence of multi-drug resistant bacteria in Bangladesh has become a serious problem. Phage-host interaction is now considered as the major driving force for the conversion of non-pathogenic bacteria to pathogenic ones. Evolution of highly pathogenic and antibiotic resistant bacteria largely depends upon the horizontal gene transfer by means of plasmid, megaplasmid and bacteriophages. Conversely, bacteria may acquire a novel defence mechanism called CRISPR (Clustered regularly interspersed short palindromic repeats) that can restrict horizontal transfer of plasmids and bacteriophages to limit the spread of antibiotic resistance genes among bacterial species. In this study, twenty bacterial strains were isolated from water of different medical waste and Buriganga river. Therefore, CRISPR locus was investigated following various biochemical and molecular analysis of those bacterial isolates. Identification of the bacterial isolates was conducted by Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) based assay of 16S rDNA extracted from those isolated strains. Results indicated that most strains were identified as Proteus mirabilis and Citrobacter freundii which mainly cause septicemia, and pneumonia in human. Thereafter, antibiogram of these strains was performed by using 11 different antibiotic discs where bacterial isolates from medical drainage system showed more resistant to antibiotics than the river water. In this study, CRISPR locus was also investigated within the genome of the isolated bacterial stains but unexpectedly, we did not find any CRISPR locus in their genome. In conclusion, we confirm that multi-drug resistant bacterial strains are devoid of CRISPR locus suggesting a possible negative association between CRISPR locus and antibiotic resistance. Further studies to pinpoint are required to elucidate the underlying mechanism of the association between CRISPR and antibioti

关键词： Enterobacteriaceae Antibiotic Resistance Proteus Mirabilis Citrobacter freundii CRISPR-Cas

Non-escaping frost tolerant QTL linked genetic loci at reproductive stage in six wheat DH populations

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The Crop Journal 2022年第1期10卷 147-165页

作者： Jingjuan Zhang md Shahidul Islam Yun Zhao Masood anwar Zaid Alhabbar Maoyun She Rongchang Yang Angela Juhasz Guixiang Tang Jiansheng Chen Hang Liu Yanjie Jiang Shengnan Zhai Xin Hu Junkang Rong Yingquan Zhang Yebo Qin Qier Liu Zitong Yu Yujuan Zhang Sadegh Balotf Mirza Dowla Sonia Afrin Nandita Roy md Resad Mallik md Atik Us Saieed Shanjida Rahman Nigarin Sultana Sarah Al-Sheikh Ahmed Chris Florides Kefei Chen Darshan Sharma Nathan Height Ben Biddulph Meiqin Lu Jorge EMayer Wujun Ma Australian-China Joint Centre for Wheat Improvement Western Australian State Agriculture Biotechnology CentreFood Futures InstituteMurdoch UniversitySouth StreetMurdochWA 6150Australia College of Agriculture&Food Zhejiang Agriculture&Forestry UniversityLin’an 311314ZhejiangChina SAGI West Faculty of Science and EngineeringCurtin UniversityBentleyWA 6102Australia Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development Western Australia3 Baron-Hay CourtSouth PerthWA 6151Australia Australian Grain Technologies 12656 Newell HighwayLocked Bag 1100NarrabriNSW 2390Australia Ag RD&IP Consult P/L NerangQLD 4211Australia

Reproductive stage frost poses a major constraint for wheat production in countries such as ***,little progress has been made in identifying key genes to overcome the *** the present study,a severe frost event hit two large-scale field trials consisting of six doubled haploid(DH)wheat populations at reproductive stage(young microspore stage)in Western Australia,leading to the identification of 30 robust frost QTL on 17 *** major 18 QTL with the phenotype variation over 9.5%were located on 13 chromosomes including 2 A,2 B,2 D,3 A,4 A,4 B,4 D,5 A,5 D,6 D,7 A,7 B and7 *** frost QTL were closely linked to the QTL of anthesis,maturity,Zadok stages as well as linked to anthesis related *** of those,six QTL were repetitively detected on the homologous regions on 2 B,4 B,4 D,5 A,5 D,7 A in more than two *** showed that the frost damage is associated with alleles of Vrn-A1 a,Vrn-D1 a,Rht-B1 b,Rht-D1 b,and the high copy number of ***,anthesis QTL and anthesis related genes of Vrn-B1 a and Ta FT3-1 B on chromosomes 5 B and 1 B did not lead to frost damage,indicating that these early-flowering phenotype related genes are compatible with frost tolerance and thus can be utilised in *** results also indicate that wild-type alleles Rht-B1 a and Rht-D1 a can be used when breeding for frost-tolerant varieties without delaying flowering time.

关键词： Anthesis-related genes Wheat DH populations Reproductive stage Non-escaping frost tolerance QTL

Pattern of Eye Diseases among Tea Workers

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Open Journal of Ophthalmology 2024年第2期14卷 117-127页

作者： Rifat Binth Rezayee md. Showkat Kabir Mohammed Moinul Hoque Nirupam Chowdhury Mohammad Shish Rahman Nawreen Binte anwar Shah-Noor Hassan Department of Community Ophthalmology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh Department of Ophthalmology Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University Dhaka Bangladesh

Background: Bangladesh’s tea industry is essential to the country’s economic expansion. Since tea workers in Bangladesh are marginalized within our community, they have limited access to comprehensive eye care services. Productivity and well-being are cornerstones of comprehensive health care strategy. Ocular disorders are influenced by life expectancy, sociodemographic status, and the epidemiological transition. In this context, the state of ocular health and the many eye illnesses remain to be significantly addressed. Purpose: To evaluate the pattern of eye diseases among tea workers in a tea estate of Bangladesh. Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was carried out in Halda Valley Tea Estate, Nazirhat, Fatickchari, Chattogram, Bangladesh, under the supervision of the Department of Community Ophthalmology, BSMMU, following ethical clearance and approval by the IRB board of BSMMU. With informed written consent and approval from the authority of the tea estate, a total of 110 tea workers were recruited. Socio-demographic characteristics, ocular findings, and patterns of eye diseases were determined and recorded. Results: The mean age of the study participants was 39.60 ± 11.63 years. The maximum (58.1%) study participants were 31 - 50 years old, female (64.5%), illiterate (82.7%), and tribal (71.8%) indigenes. Eye diseases were found in 94.5% of workers. Presbyopia (28.2%), cataracts (27.3%), and refractive error (26.4%) were the most common. Tea workers with eye diseases were significantly older than those who did not have any eye diseases (40.20 ± 11.57 vs. 29.17 ± 7.31 years, p Conclusion: A significant number of tea workers had eye diseases, of which presbyopia, cataracts, and refractive error were the most common.

关键词： Tea Workers Eye Diseases Presbyopia Cataract Refractive Errors

Allelopathy of Medicinal Plants: Current Status and Future Prospects in Weed Management

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Agricultural Sciences 2018年第12期9卷 1569-1588页

作者： A. K. M. Mominul Islam Sabina Yeasmin Jamal Ragheb Said Qasem Abdul Shukor Juraimi md. Parvez anwar Weed Management Laboratory Department of Agronomy Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh Department of Agronomy Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensingh Bangladesh Department of Plant Protection Faculty of Agriculture University of Jordan Amman Jordan Department of Crop Science University of Putra Malaysia Serdang Malaysia

An attempt has been made in this article to accumulate and elucidate the literatures about the allelopathic potentiality of medicinal plants, and its role on the development of bio-herbicides for eco-friendly weed management strategies to conserve bio-diversity and ecological balance. This review paper has been prepared by comprehensive studies of various published research articles, books and proceedings available in the world literature. The farmers of different countries use several weed management techniques in order to minimize the deleterious effect of weeds. Among them most commonly used practice is application of herbicides due to its high efficacy and cost effectiveness, less time-consuming nature, flexibility and easy accessibility, and more rapid out return. Although use of synthetic herbicides in the crop fields has increased the crop production as well as the productivity by reducing the weed infestation, over time it causes a number of environmental hazards. Hence, to avoid these detrimental effects of synthetic herbicide, a lot of efforts have been dedicated by the researchers to search the novel natural plant products mainly allelochemicals and try to apply them as a tool for the development of bio-degradable natural herbicides. This paper intended to reflect the current state of allelopathic medicinal plants and their potentiality to develop eco-friendly and natural product-based herbicides for sustainable agriculture, and to invite further debate on this issue.

关键词： Allelochemicals Medicinal Plants Natural Products Bio-Herbicides Sustainable Weed Management

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基于包平衡和身份验证的网络流优化

基于包平衡和身份验证的网络流优化

作者： Usman anwar 华北电力大学(北京)

学位级别：硕士

如今,各领域都需要尽可能高的网络可用性和尽可能小的数据丢失概率。因此,在网络设计过程中需要提供冗余,但相应地,也会需要更高的管理和运营成本。冗余协议有助于解决这个问题。第一跳冗余协议群(FHRP)可减少网络通信中从源到目的地的... 详细信息

如今,各领域都需要尽可能高的网络可用性和尽可能小的数据丢失概率。因此,在网络设计过程中需要提供冗余,但相应地,也会需要更高的管理和运营成本。冗余协议有助于解决这个问题。第一跳冗余协议群(FHRP)可减少网络通信中从源到目的地的数据丢失。第一跳冗余协议群包括三个协议:热备用路由器协议(HSRP),虚拟路由器冗余协议(VRRP)和网关负载平衡协议(GLBP)。每个协议都有自己的目的,各有利弊。FHRP旨在减少流量损失。这些协议通过建立关联,从而成功地将流量从源传输到目标。在发生故障的情况下,将自动启动备用服务器继续发送流量。HSRP协议和GLBP协议是Cisco专有的,而VRRP协议是电气和电子工程师协会(IEEE)标准。本文通过多种仿真进行了协议之间的比较,以确定哪种协议在哪种情况下最佳。如果由于某些技术问题导致网络中的一个路由器中断,协议仍能够传输流量。此外,我们通过基于md5算法对上述协议进行了验证。通过使用不同的路由协议(如FHRP)包含md-5认证来模拟网络,完成md-5认证的分析。本文仿真基于GNS3平台,重点是实现在不影响网络有效性的情况下进行加密、高效、可靠的信息交换。

关键词：虚拟路由器冗余协议(VRRP) 热备份路由器协议(HSRP) 网关负载均衡协议(GLBP) md5

Phytochemical screening, antibacterial and anthelmintic activities of leaf and seed extracts of Coix lacryma-jobi L.

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Journal of Coastal Life Medicine 2017年第8期5卷 360-364页

作者： Sajan Das Rumana Akhter Sumana Khandaker Sumaiya Huque Promit Das md.Rafi anwar Kaniz Afroz Tanni Samia Shabnaz Mohammad Shahriar Phytochemistry Research Laboratory Department of PharmacyUniversity of Asia PacificDhaka-1215Bangladesh

Objective: To evaluate the possible phytochemical constituents, antibacterial and anthelmintic activity of Coix lacryma-jobi L. (Job's tears) using the chloroform leaves and seed extracts. Methods: The test for antibacterial activity and minimum inhibitory concentration was conducted by the disc diffusion and two-fold dilution method, respectively. In anthelmintic activity test, using Pheretima posthuma model, vermifuge and vermicidal activity were determined by using the chloroform extract at various concentrations. Results: The preliminary phytochemical screening of chloroform extracts of Job's tears leaves indicated the presence of alkaloid, carbohydrate, saponin, glycosides, flavonoids, phenols, tannins and steroids whereas the seeds extract contained glycosides, flavonoids, phenols and steroids, which revealed highest antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus and Klebsiella pneumoniae. The lowest minimum inhibitory concentration (12.5–50 mg/mL) was observed against all selected bacteria. On the other hand, it has been observed that chloroform leaves extracts showed shortest time of paralysis (P = 8.17 min) and death (D = 18.23 min) at 100 mg/mL concentration, in comparison with seed extracts (P = 36.83 min and D = 62.33 min) at 100 mg/mL concentration and albendazole (10 mg/mL) used as reference drug (P = 20.17 min and D = 43.67 min), which indicated the plant possessed mild anthelmintic activity. Conclusions: The chloroform extracts (leaves and seeds) showed efficacy for both bacterial infections and parasitic diseases, which ensure the traditional uses of Coix lacryma-jobi L.

关键词： Coix lacryma-jobi L. Phytochemical screening Antibacterial activity Anthelmintic activity

Heterogeneously elevated branched-chain/aromatic amino acids among new-onset type-2 diabetes mellitus patients are potentially skewed diabetes predictors

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World Journal of Diabetes 2024年第1期15卷 53-71页

作者： Min Wang Yang Ou Xiang-Lian Yuan Xiu-Fang Zhu Ben Niu Zhuang Kang Bing Zhang anwar Ahmed Guo-Qiang Xing Heng Su School of Chemical Science and Technology Yunnan UniversityKunming 650091Yunnan ProvinceChina Department of Endocrinology The First People’s Hospital of Yunnan ProvinceKunming 650032Yunnan ProvinceChina Clinical Laboratory Nanchong Central Hospital&The Second Clinical Medical College of North Sichuan Medical UniversityNanchong 637000Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Preventive Medicine and Biostatistics Uniformed Services University of the Health SciencesBethesdaMD 20814United States The Affiliated Hospital and Second Clinical Medical College North Sichuan Medical UniversityNanchong 637000Sichuan ProvinceChina Department of Research and Development Lotus *** LLCGaithersburgMD 20878United States

BACKGROUND The lack of specific predictors for type-2 diabetes mellitus(T2DM)severely impacts early intervention/prevention *** branched-chain amino acids(BCAAs:Isoleucine,leucine,valine)and aromatic amino acids(AAAs:Tyrosine,tryptophan,phenylalanine)show high sensitivity and specificity in predicting diabetes in animals and predict T2DM 10-19 years before T2DM onset in clinical ***,improvement is needed to support its clinical *** To evaluate the effects of body mass index(BMI)and sex on BCAAs/AAAs in new-onset T2DM individuals with varying body *** Ninety-seven new-onset T2DM patients(<12 mo)differing in BMI[normal weight(NW),n=33,BMI=22.23±1.60;overweight,n=42,BMI=25.9±1.07;obesity(OB),n=22,BMI=31.23±2.31]from the First People’s Hospital of Yunnan Province,Kunming,China,were ***-way and 2-way ANOVAs were conducted to determine the effects of BMI and sex on BCAAs/*** Fasting serum AAAs,BCAAs,glutamate,and alanine were greater and high-density lipoprotein(HDL)was lower(P<0.05,each)in OB-T2DM patients than in NW-T2DM patients,especially in male OB-T2DM ***,histidine,leucine,methionine,and lysine were greater in male patients than in female ***,histidine,alanine,glutamate,lysine,valine,methionine,leucine,isoleucine,tyrosine,phenylalanine,and tryptophan were significantly correlated with abdominal adiposity,body weight and BMI,whereas isoleucine,leucine and phenylalanine were negatively correlated with *** Heterogeneously elevated amino acids,especially BCAAs/AAAs,across new-onset T2DM patients in differing BMI categories revealed a potentially skewed prediction of T2DM *** higher BCAA/AAA levels in obese T2DM patients would support T2DM prediction in obese individuals,whereas the lower levels of BCAAs/AAAs in NW-T2DM individuals may underestimate T2DM risk in NW *** potentially skewed T2DM prediction should be considered when BCAAs/AAAs are to

关键词： Hyperaminoacidemia Branched-chain/aromatic amino acids New-onset type-2 diabetes Predictor Obesity Sex

Residual Spray for the Control of <i>Aedes</i>Vectors in Dengue Outbreak Residential Areas

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Advances in Entomology 2019年第4期7卷 105-123页

作者： Nurulhusna Ab Hamid Siti Nurfadhlina Mohd Noor Mitra Saadatian-Elahi Nur Rasyidah Isa Rohaiyu md Rodzay Balqis md Ruslan Topek Omar Mohd Iqbal Mohd Norsham Noor Hasmiza Amanzuri Nurliyana Abd Khalil Izzah Farhah Zambari Muhammad anwar Mohd Kassim Muhammad Khairi Kamarul Zaman Ainaa Mardia Bachtiar Effendi Afiq Ahnaf Hafisool Lee Teck Peng Brian Poong Mustafakamal Ibrahim Nurul Ashikin Roslan Lee Han Lim Medical Entomology Unit WHO Collaborating Centre for Vectors Institute for Medical Research Kuala Lumpur Malaysia Pôle Santé Recherche Risques et Vigilances Groupement Hospitalier Edouard Herriot Unité d’Hygiène Epidémiologie et Prévention Lyon France Vector Borne Disease Sector Disease Control Division Ministry of Health Malaysia Putrajaya Malaysia Bayer Co. (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. Petaling Jaya Malaysia Hulu Langat District Health Office Kajang Malaysia

The incidence of dengue in Malaysia has shown an increasing trend since the year 2000. Vector control is the primary approach for dengue control in Malaysia. There is an urgent need for new or modified approaches such as the residual spraying on the outer walls that can potentially last long enough to control the Aedes population, particularly in the outbreak-prone areas. In this field study, we conducted outdoor residual spraying (ORS) using a newly formulated polymer-enhanced suspension concentrate (SC-PE) of deltamethrin. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficacy of ORS using deltamethrin SC-PE and its effect on wild Aedes populations and to assess its residual bio-efficacy on painted cement walls against the pyrethroid-susceptible strains of laboratory-reared Aedes mosquitoes. Three rounds of spraying in a four-month cycle were conducted between 2014 and 2015 in four residential areas (low-rise and high-rise housing types) in Hulu Langat, Selangor. The bio-efficacy of the insecticide was evaluated by assessing its impact on vector population using ovitrap surveillance. Standard WHO wall deposit bioassay was adapted to determine bio-efficacy of deltamethrin, i.e. post 30 min knockdown and post 24 h mortality after exposure. During the treatment period, we observed significant reductions in the population of Ae. albopictus in the sprayed low-rise housing in both semi-indoor and outdoor environments, while in the high-rise housing, there was also a significant decline in Ae. aegypti population in the semi-indoor environment. The evaluation of the residual bio-efficacy of deltamethrin SC-PE against laboratory-reared Aedes mosquitoes showed that the insecticide lasted longer in the high-rise housing compared to the low-rise housing with >80% mortality achieved continuously for 16 weeks. We provide initial evidence on residual efficacy of deltamethrin SC-PE in reducing Aedes population size in the low-rise and high-rise housing. Our results showed tha

关键词： Indoor Residual Spraying Outdoor Residual Spraying Aedes Deltamethrin SC-PE Dengue Vector Control Ovitrap Index Malaysia