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Music alters heart rate and psychological responses but not muscle activation during light-intensity isometric exercise

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Sports Medicine and Health Science 2024年第4期6卷 394-401页

作者： Andrew r.Moore Jasmin c.Hutchinson christa Winter Paul c.Dalton Lori A.Bolgla Vincent J.Paolone Department of Kinesiology Augusta University112015th St.AugustaGA30912USA Department of Exercise Science&Athletic Training Springfield College263 Alden St.SpringfieldMA01109USA Department of Psychology Springfield College263 Alden St.SpringfieldMA01109USA Heart&Vascular Institute Penn State College of MedicinePenn State University500 HMC Crescent RoadNorth Lobby HersheyPA17033USA Department of Physical Therapy Augusta University112015th St.AugustaGA30912USA

Listening to music manipulates attention to be more externally focused,which has the potential to improve muscular *** study aimed to determine the effect of listening to music on muscle activation during an isometric exercise task,and compare this effect to those of other attentional focus *** healthy subjects(n=35;16 men/19 women)completed an isometric elbow flexion task for 1 min in three randomized and counterbalanced conditions:internal focus(INT),external focus with a simple distraction task(EXT),or listening to music(MUS).Muscle activation of the biceps and triceps brachii and heart rate(Hr)were recorded throughout the exercise *** of perceived exertion(rPE),affective valence,and motivation were measured at the end of each *** was no difference in muscle activation measures among the three *** during MUS was lower than EXT at 15 s([89.4±11.8]beats/min vs.[93.1±12.9]beats/min;p=0.018)and 30 s([90.6±12.4]beats/min vs.[94.2±12.5]beats/min;p=0.026),and lower than INT at 60 s([93.3±13.3]beats/min vs.[96.7±12.0]beats/min;p=0.016).Overall rPE was higher for INT(13.4±2.2)than for MUS([12.6±2.0];p=0.020)and EXT([11.94±2.22];pctive valence was higher for MUS than for INT([2.7±1.4]vs.[2.1±1.5];p=0.011).Manipulating attentional focus did not alter muscle activation for a light-intensity isometric muscular endurance task,though MUS was reported as more positive and requiring less exertion to complete than *** music can therefore be recommended during light-intensity isometric exercise based on the psychological benefits observed.

关键词： Electromyography Attentional focus rating of perceived exertion Elbow flexion

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Holographic dark energy in non-conserved gravity theory

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communications in Theoretical Physics 2024年第4期76卷 126-133页

作者： H r Fazlollahi Institute of Gravitation and cosmology Peoples Friendship University of Russia(RUDN University)6 Miklukho-Maklaya StMoscow117198Russia

recently, reconsidering the rastall idea T_(μ;νν)^(v)=α_(,μ) through relativistic thermodynamics gives a new form for the scalar field α which led us to construct modern modified theory of gravity debugged ‘non-conserved gravity theory’ Fazlollahi 2023 Euro. Phys. J. c 83 923. This theory unlike other modified theories of gravity cannot directly explain the current acceleration expansion in the absence of the cosmological constant and or existence of other forms of dark energy. Hence, in this study we have reinvestigated holographic dark energy Ρ_(X)~H^(2) in the non-conserved theory of gravity. In this context, the density and pressure of dark energy depend on the non-conserved term and density of the dust matter field. As shown, due to non-conservation effects on large-scale structures, unlike the original holographic model, our model onsets an acceleration epoch for the current Universe satisfies observations. Moreover, the interaction and viscous scenarios are studied for this model.

关键词： non-conserved gravity covariant form of thermodynamics holographic dark energy

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Liver abnormalities following SArS-coV 2 infection in children 1 to 10 years of age

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Family Medicine and community Health 2024年第1期12卷 28-35页

作者： Pauline Terebuh Veronica r Olaker Ellen K Kendall David c Kaelber rong Xu Pamela B Davis center for Artificial Intelligence in Drug Discovery Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA The center for clinical Informatics research and Education The MetroHealth SystemClevelandOHUSA Department of Medicine PediatricsDepartment of Population and Quantitative Health SciencesCase Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA center for community Health Integration Case Western Reserve UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Objective Beginning in October 2021 in the USA and elsewhere,cases of severe paediatric hepatitis of unknown aetiology were identified in young *** the adenovirus and adenovirus-associated virus have emerged as leading aetiological suspects,we attempted to investigate a potential role for SArS-coV 2 in the development of subsequent liver *** We conducted a study using retrospective cohorts of deidentified,aggregated data from the electronic health records of over 100 million patients contributed by US healthcare *** compared with propensity score matched children with other respiratory infections,children aged 1-10 years with cOVID-19 had a higher risk of elevated transaminases(Hr(95%cI)2.16(1.74 to 2.69))or total bilirubin(Hr(95%cI)3.02(1.91 to 4.78)),or new diagnoses of liver diseases(Hr(95%cI)1.67(1.21 to 2.30))from 1 to 6 months after *** with pre-existing liver abnormalities,liver abnormalities surrounding acute infection,younger age(1-4 years)or illness requiring hospitalisation all had similarly elevated *** who developed liver abnormalities following cOVID-19 had more pre-existing conditions than those who developed abnormalities following other *** These results indicate that SArS-coV 2 may prime the patient for subsequent development of liver infections or non-infectious liver *** rare(~1 in 1000),SArS-coV 2 is a risk for subsequent abnormalities in liver function or the diagnosis of diseases of the liver.

关键词： elevated diagnosis subsequent

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Multinuclear Mr and MrI study of lithium-ion cells using a variable field magnet and a fixed frequency rF probe

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Magnetic resonance Letters 2024年第1期4卷 10-20页

作者： Andrés ramírez Aguilera Florin Marica Kevin J.Sanders Md Al raihan c.Adam Dyker Gillian r.Goward Bruce *** UNB MrI centre Department of PhysicsUniversity of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada Department of chemistry McMaster UniversityHamiltonOntarioL8S 4L8Canada Department of chemistry University of New BrunswickFrederictonNew BrunswickE3B 5A3Canada

An exploratory multinuclear magnetic resonance(Mr)and magnetic resonance imaging(MrI)study was performed on lithium-ion battery cells with ^(7)Li,^(19)F,and ^(1)H measurements.A variable field superconducting magnet with a fixed frequency parallel-plate radiofrequency(rF)probe was employed in the *** magnetic field was changed to set the resonance frequency of each nucleus to the fixed rF probe frequency of 33.7 *** cartridge-like lithium-ion cells,with graphite anodes and LiNi_(0.5)Mn_(0.3)co_(0.2)O_(2)(NMc)cathodes,were *** cell was pristine,and one was charged to a cell voltage of 4.2 *** results presented demonstrate the great potential of the variable field magnet approach in multinuclear measurement of lithium-ion *** methods open the door for developing faster and simpler methods for detecting,quantifying,and interpreting Mr and MrI data from lithium-ion and other batteries.

关键词： Multinuclear Mr/MrI Variable field magnet Lithium-ion battery Parallel-plate rf probe

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A brief history of the compendium of Physical Activities

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 3-5页

作者： Barbara E.Ainsworth Stephen D.Herrmann David r.Jacobs Jr. Melicia c.Whitt-Glover catrine Tudor-Locke School of Exercise and Health Shanghai University of SportShanghai 200438China college of Health Solutions Arizona State UniversityPhoenixAZ 85003USA Kansas center for Metabolism and Obesity research University of Kansas Medical CenterKansas CityKS 66160USA Division of Epidemiology and community Health University of MinnesotaMinneapolisMN 55455USA Gramercy research Group KnightdaleNC 27545USA college of Health and Human Services University of North Carolina at CharlotteCharlotteNC 28223USA

The compendium of Physical Activities(compendium)was developed to address consistent assignment of physical activity(PA)intensity values used in PA epidemiology research of the association between PA and health outcomes.1The known protective effects of PA on incident health outcomes traces to the mid-1900s,with over 50 studies examining coronary heart disease(cHD)as the outcome of interest.

关键词： epidemiology Activities protective

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A toast to a zebrafish germ cell induction cocktail

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Science china(Life Sciences) 2024年第6期67卷 1314-1315页

作者： Mary c.Mullins Department of cell and Developmental Biology University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of MedicinePhiladelphia 19104USA

The zebrafish field is ringing in the new year with a publication from Yonghua Sun's laboratory(Wang et al.,2023)of a cocktail of germline factors that can induce all cells of the zebrafish embryo into primordial germ cells(PGcs)at phenomenal *** major advance is not only of great interest to germ cell biologists,but it has important applications to the entire zebrafish field,as shown in Wang et al.(2023).

关键词： fish zebra field

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Assessing the biennial conference on science and technology(BIcOST IX)2023 technical output on renewable energy,energy storage,and green hydrogen in line with UN SDG commitments

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clean Energy 2024年第2期8卷 85-88页

作者： S.K.B.D.Silva K.G.D.Piyumali rasitha Thilini Suranjana Perera K.D.K.G.Kaluarachchi Thilini Munagamage r.M.r.Ahammed c.S.P.Piyankarage Seyed Shahmy Veranja Karunaratne National Science and Technology commission of Sri Lanka ColomboSri Lanka Sri Lanka Technological campus(SLTc) PadukkaSri Lanka University of Peradeniya PeradeniyaSri Lanka

The development,production and utilization of renewable energy,energy storage and green hydrogen and the associated technologies in Sri Lanka have great potential to contribute to the United Nations’Sustainable Development Goals(SDGs).The island aims to achieve 70%electricity generation from renewable energy sources by 2030(within the target of 40%utilization of renewable energy sources for the entire energy generation of the country by 2030).The power sector has to invest US$11 billion from 2023 to 2030 to contribute to reaching this *** commentary aims to provide a critical perspective on the recommendations of the report from the National Science and Technology commission’s 9th biennial conference in 2023 on science and technology,the sub-thematic technical report on clean energy,energy storage and green hydrogen in line with the SDGs in the Sri Lankan *** technical report provides insightful recommendations for Sri Lanka’s energy sector under three main sections:renewable energy,energy storage and green ***,it explores the potential of various renewable energy sources,energy storage systems and green hydrogen as sustainable solutions to address the country’s energy challenges while emphasizing the spillover effects of them,which could contribute to the enterprise’s job creation and uplift the economy.

关键词： renewable energy energy storage green hydrogen sustainable development goals Sri Lanka social economic environmental sustainable affordable

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Approach for c_(1)to c_(2)products commencing from carbon dioxide:A brief review

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Petroleum 2024年第3期10卷 373-398页

作者： G.r.Dey radiation and Photochemistry Division Bhabha Atomic Research CentreTrombayMumbai 400085India Homi Bhabha National Institute AnushaktinagarMumbai 400094India

The carbon dioxide(cO_(2))conversion to useable compounds remains a great contest to scientists,engineers,and environmentalists with regard to the reverse of the oxidative degradation of *** conversion is essential for the development of complementary fuels and raw materials for various industries,which in turn will help in avoiding the drastic increase in tropospheric temperature due to greenhouse effect leading to global *** solar energy is the earth's essential power source along with the other various forms of energy for example fossil fuels,hydropower,wind,and biomaterials,*** final goal is to establish the artificial photosynthesis,which can be replicated thru various chemical reduction techniques of cO_(2)by employing appropriate photo-,thermal-and electro-catalysts in order to produce different one carbon atom(c_(1))and higher carbon atoms containing ***,the utilization of clean and sustainable cO_(2)towards high-value products is of great interest today due to the recognized environmental worries and subsequent lessening of the fossil fuels utilization load to meet the energy demand of *** way,solar energy can directly and/or indirectly be altered and stored in chemical energy form for industrial as well as societal *** this article our endeavor is to summarize the advances in cO_(2)chemical reduction research area till date especially in free radical-based methods such as electrochemical,photochemical and plasma chemical for the development of carbon species up to two carbon(c_(2))atoms containing products perceived in the chemical reduction of cO_(2).The author hopes that this piece of work will be helpful to researchers and readers who are focused on the field of cO_(2).

关键词： Photocatalysis Electrocatalysis Plasmolysis Thermolysis carbon dioxide chemical reduction

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Atomistic Investigation of Shock-Induced Amorphization within Micro-shear Bands in Hexagonal close-Packed Titanium

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 2024年第9期37卷 1590-1600页

作者： Z.c.Meng K.G.Wang T.Ali D.Li c.G.Bai D.S.Xu S.J.Li A.H.Feng G.J.cao J.H.Yao Q.B.Fan H.Wang r.Yang Institute of Metal research Chinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Interdisciplinary centre for Additive Manufacturing(IcAM) School of Materials and ChemistryUniversity of Shanghai for Science and TechnologyShanghai 200093China School of Materials Science and Engineering Tongji UniversityShanghai 201804China Key Laboratory for Light-Weight Materials Nanjing Tech UniversityNanjing 210009China National Key Laboratory of Science and Technology on Materials Under Shock and Impact School of Materials Science and EngineeringBeijing Institute of TechnologyBeijing 100081China Beijing Institute of Technology chongqing Innovation center Chongqing 401135China

The mechanical response of a single crystal titanium sample against(0001)α surface impact was investigated using molecular dynamics ***,non-uniform plastic deformation was observed in the *** high strain rates,amorphization occurred near the edge of the contact region where severe shear strain induced a large number of stacking faults(SFs)and *** contrast,the central part of the contact region underwent less deformation with significantly fewer ***,instead of amorphization by consuming SFs and dislocations,there was a gradual increase in the density of dislocations and SFs during the process of *** local amorphous regions eventually grew into shear bands.

关键词： Shock compression Amorphization Shear band Titanium Molecular dynamics

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comparative analysis of microstructure,mechanical,and corrosion properties of biodegradable Mg-3Y alloy prepared by selective laser melting and spark plasma sintering

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Journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第4期12卷 1496-1510页

作者： P.Minárik M.Zemková S.Šašek J.Dittrich M.Knapek F.Lukáˇc D.Koutný J.Jaroš r.Král Faculty of Mathematics and Physics Charles UniversityKe Karlovu 5Praha 12116Czech Republic research centre University ofŽilinaUniverzitná8215/1Žilina 01026Slovakia Institute of Plasma Physics of the czech Academy of Sciences Za Slovankou 1782/318200 Praha 8Czech Republic Institute of Machine and Industrial Design Brno University of TechnologyTechnická2896/2Brno 61669Czech Republic

This work explored possibilities of biodegradable magnesium alloy Mg-3Y preparation by two modern powder metallurgy techniques–spark plasma sintering(SPS)and selective laser melting(SLM).The powder material was consolidated by both methods utilising optimised parameters,which led to very low porosity(∼0.3%)in the SLM material and unmeasurably low porosity in the SPS *** main aim of the study was the thorough microstructure characterisation and interrelation between the microstructure and the functional properties,such as mechanical strength,deformability,and corrosion *** materials showed comparable strength of∼110 MPa in tension and compression and relatively good deformability of∼9%and∼21%for the SLM and SPS materials,*** corrosion resistance of the SPS material in 0.1 M Nacl solution was superior to the SLM one and comparable to the conventional extruded *** digital image correlation during loading and the cross-section analysis of the corrosion layers revealed that the residual porosity and large strained grains have the dominant negative effect on the functional properties of the SLM *** the other hand,one of the primary outcomes of this study is that the SPS consolidation method is very effective in the preparation of the W3 biodegradable alloy,resulting in material with convenient mechanical and degradation properties that might find practical applications.

关键词： Magnesium Yttrium Powder metallurgy Microstructure Mechanical strength corrosion resistance

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