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World Journal of Cardiovascular Diseases 2024年第9期14卷 588-602页

作者： Lamwaka Alice Veronica mboowa john bosco Department of Pharmacy Faculty of Medicine Gulu University Gulu City Uganda

Hypertension is a big problem worldwide. The purpose of this study is to examine the prevalence, knowledge, attitude, and practice about hypertension at Gulu University, Gulu city, Gulu district, Acholi subregion, Northern Uganda. A literature search on hypertension was done. It showed that, in Uganda, a representative number of 17,777 adult patients’ data were analyzed from January 2014 to February 2024. The epidemiological data on awareness of hypertension was found to be at 8%. Of this, 18.3% of the people with hypertension had it under control. The results of the findings were promising. Hypertension is an important public health challenge in Uganda particularly in Northern Uganda where Gulu University falls. In comparison with the two regions of Central Uganda and Northern Uganda, there was a significant number of populations that were not aware of their condition. Those diagnosed were on treatment but the treatment was not adhered to due to stock outs of medicines. Therefore, Measures are required to prevent hypertension, improve awareness, treatment and control within the community, especially at Gulu University where research has never been done.

关键词： Prevalence Hypertension Blood Pressure Knowledge Attitude Practices Cross Sectional Studies

Assessment of the performance of the TOPGNSS and ANN-MB antennas for ionospheric measurements using low-cost u-blox GNSS receivers

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Geodesy and Geodynamics 2024年第3期15卷 291-301页

作者： Daniel Okoh Aderonke Obafaye Oluwakemi Dare-Idowu Babatunde Rabiu Anton Kashcheyev Claudio Cesaroni john bosco Habarulema Bruno Nava United Nations African Regional Centre for Space Science and Technology Education-English(UN-ARCSSTE-E) Obafemi Awolowo University CampusIle IfeNigeria National Institute for Geophysics and Volcanology(INGV) 00143 RomeItaly Institute for Space Science and Engineering African University of Science and TechnologyAbujaNigeria University of New Brunswick FrederictonCanada South African National Space Agency(SANSA) P.O Box 32Hermanus 7200South Africa Department of Physics and Electronics Rhodes University6140 MakhandaSouth Africa The Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics Strada Costiera11I-34151 TriesteItaly

Low-cost GNSS receivers have recently been gaining reliability as good candidates for ionospheric studies. In line with these gains are genuine concerns about improving the performance of these receivers. In this work, we present a comprehensive investigation of the performances of two antennas(the u-blox ANN-MB and the TOPGNSS TOP-106) used on a low-cost GNSS receiver known as the u-blox ZED-F9P. The two antennas were installed on two identical and co-located u-blox receivers. Data used from both receivers cover the period from January to June 2022. Results from the study indicate that the signal strengths are dominantly greater for the receiver with the TOPGNSS antenna than for the receiver with the ANN-MB antenna, implying that the TOPGNSS antenna is better than the ANN-MB antenna in terms of providing greater signal strengths. Summarily, the TOPGNSS antenna also performed better in minimizing the occurrence of cycle slips on phase TEC measurements. There are no conspicuous differences between the variances(computed as 5-min standard deviations) of phase TEC measurements for the two antennas, except for a period around May-June when the TOPGNSS gave a better performance in terms of minimizing the variances in phase TEC. Remarkably, the ANN-MB antenna gave a better performance than the TOPGNSS antenna in terms of minimizing the variances in pseudorange TEC for some satellite observations. For precise horizontal(North and East) positioning, the receiver with the TOPGNSS antenna gave better results, while the receiver with the ANN-MB antenna gave better vertical(Up) positioning. The errors for the receivers of both antennas are typically within about 5 m(the monthly mean was usually smaller than 1 m) in the horizontal direction and within about 10 m(the monthly mean was usually smaller than 4 m) in the vertical direction.

关键词： GNSS Ionosphere Low-cost Antenna TOPGNSS U-blox

Diversity of Macro Invertebrates of the River Rwizi in Western Uganda: A Citizen Science-BioBlitz Approach

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Open Journal of Ecology 2024年第4期14卷 343-365页

作者： john bosco Nkurunungi Godwin Muhairwe Upton Nuwagira Nickson Araka Nestor Mugabe Osbert Natwijuka Jeninah Atwebembeire Mbarara University of Science and Technology Mbarara Uganda Department of Directorate of Research and Graduate Training Makerere University Kampala Uganda

This study elucidates the pivotal role of citizen science-BioBlitz methodologies for rapid assessment of the macro-invertebrate taxa within the threatened River Rwizi of South-western Uganda. Utilizing a comprehensive mixed-methods approach, the investigation focused on six distinct river segments to demonstrate the efficacy of participatory citizen science-BioBlitz approaches conducted by experts, students and community volunteers. BioBlitz events included rigorous macro-invertebrate sampling at each of the selected sites along River Rwizi on nine occasions, incorporating collaborative taxonomic identification procedures involving experts, students, and the local community. Analyzing pollution concerns, diversity metrics, and community narratives yielded insights into river health and socio-ecological dynamics. A total of 43 macro-invertebrate families across 17 orders were documented with class Insecta dominating. Participants in BioBlitz events expressed predominantly positive sentiments, emphasizing satisfaction, education, and heightened awareness, besides negative sentiments rooted in historical mistrust. Intriguingly, the study unveiled an unforeseen trend in macro-invertebrate taxa richness, rising from upstream to urban sprawl and diminishing at peri-urban downstream sites. The study underscores the potential of citizen science-BioBlitz methodologies in advancing community science education and unraveling the intricate dynamics of threatened river ecosystems. The insights offered are invaluable for policymakers and conservationists seeking effective strategies to address challenges in the River Rwizi and comparable ecosystems. .

关键词： Diversity Macroinvertebrates Rwizi Citizen-Science-BioBlitz 6

Watershed management index based on the village watershed model (VWM) approach towards sustainability

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International Soil and Water Conservation Research 2020年第1期8卷 35-46页

作者： Ignatius Sriyana J.G.De Gijt Sri Kumala Parahyangsari john bosco Niyomukiza Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringDiponegoro UniversitySemarangIndonesia Department of Hydraulic Engineering and Flood Risk Delft University of Technology TUNetherlands Member of the Watershed Coordination Forum in Central Java Province Central JavaIndonesia Department of Civil Engineering Faculty of EngineeringNdejje UniversityUganda

In the current study,we examine the Indonesian government's watershed management program,which was established in *** 2005,the Coordination Team for Rescue of Water Resources(CTRWR)was established to execute the program on a national ***,at the time,field implementation was a sectoral interest due to the lack of program *** this end,the Indonesian government pro-moted integrated watershed management in 2009,which since then has been implemented by all stakeholders(in Top-Down management form),with application limited to preparing and planning *** is mainly driven by the stakeholders'lack of understanding with regard to watershed systems as integrated management *** implementation results have not yet been realized,including the promotion of community-based watershed management(through Bottom-Up manage-ment).The purpose of our research was to determine the index numbers by measuring the level of cooperation between watershed management workers based on the Village Watershed Model(VWM)specifically surface water which includes six variables:planning,participation,institutional,fund sharing,gender,and management *** method used was an ordinal measure with the Likert *** data showed successful watershed management,in which five of the six VWM varia-bles—planning,participation,institutional,fund sharing,and management systems—were in the"good"category with indices ranging from 73.08 to *** gender variable index(69.12)was in the"me-dium"category.

关键词： Management Index Village watershed Model Sustainability

Effect of Soaking Temperature on Physical and Functional Properties of Parboiled Rice Cultivars Grown in Temperate Region of India

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2013年第3期4卷 282-288页

作者： Shabir Ahmad Mir Sowriappan john Don bosco Department of Food Science and Technology Pondicherry University Puducherry India.

The physical and functional properties of seven parboiled rice cultivars (Jehlum, K-332, Koshar, Pusa-3, SKAU-345, SKAU-382 and SR-1) were investigated at different soaking temperatures of 60℃, 70℃ and 80℃ and it was compared with the brown raw rice of the respective cultivars. Parboiling was observed to decrease L* value and increase a* and b* values. The hardness of rice was significantly increased after parboiling and varied among the cultivars with the highest in Jehlum. Parboiling resulted in the decrease of pasting parameters with the increase in soaking temperature from 60℃ to 80℃. The pasting characteristics of parboiled rice sample showed the typical behaviour having high initial viscosity, but lower peak viscosity in comparison to raw rice. The water absorption index and water solubility indices were subsequently increased with the increase in soaking temperature.

关键词： Rice Parboiling Hardness Color Pasting Properties

Diversity of Macro Invertebrates of the River Rwizi in Western Uganda: A Citizen Science-BioBlitz Approach

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High Prevalence of Subclinical Mastitis and Multidrug Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>Are a Threat to Dairy Cattle Production in Kiboga District (Uganda)

Open Journal of Ecology（生态学期刊） 2024年第4期 343页

作者： john bosco Nkurunungi Godwin Muhairwe Upton Nuwagira Nickson Araka Nestor Mugabe Osbert Natwijuka Jeninah Atwebembeire

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Open Journal of Veterinary Medicine 2014年第4期4卷 35-43页

作者： Keneth Iceland Kasozi john bosco Tingiira Patrick Vudriko Central Diagnostic Laboratory Department of Pharmacy Clinics and Comparative Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine Animal Resources and Biosecurity Makerere University Kampala Uganda Kiboga District Regional Veterinary Laboratory Department of Production and Marketing Kiboga District Local Government Kiboga Uganda

Subclinical mastitis (SCM) is one of the major factors affecting the productivity of dairy cattle all over the world. This study established the burden of SCM and determined the potent antibacterial formulation for control of Staphylococcus aureus (SA) related SCM in selected dairy cattle farms in Kiboga district. A total of 124 dairy cattle from 12 farms were screened for SCM using California Mastitis Test (CMT) from Kiboga Town-Council, Kapeke and Lwamata sub-counties. The offending bacteria were cultured and the antibiogram of SA was carried out using antibacterial susceptibility by the modified Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Additional qualitative data on the factors that predispose cows to SCM was obtained through questionnaires and observation of milking Practice. The prevalence of SCM in the three sub-counties was 87.9%. Over 70% of the dairy cattle screened for SCM had more than 2 udder quarters affected. The majority (90%) of SCM was caused by mixed bacterial infections: Coagulase negative staphylococci (64.4%) and SA (16.6%) being the most prevalent. All the farmers (100%) lacked knowledge on SCM, udder towels, teat dipping and drug cow therapy. Overall, 71.4% of SA isolated was multi-drug resistant. There was a high level of resistance against penicillin (100%), neomycin (85.7%) and tetracycline (71.4%). In contrast, all the above isolates were susceptible to Trimethoprim-Sulphamethazole. In conclusion, the high burden of SCM and emergence of multidrug resistant SA are one of the constraints to dairy production in Kiboga district. Therefore, sensitization of dairy farmers in Kiboga district on proper hygienic, appropriate milking techniques and dry cow therapy using potentiated sulfonamide intra-mammary preparations are highly recommended in SA associated SCM.

关键词： Antibacterial Susceptibility Dairy Cattle Subclinical Mastitis Staphylococcus aureus

Exercise interventions for older adults: A systematic review of meta-analyses

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2021年第1期10卷 29-47,I0001页

作者： Claudio Di Lorito Annabelle Long Adrian Byrne Rowan H.Harwood john R.F.Gladman Stefan Schneider Pip Logan Alessandro bosco Veronika van der Wardt Division of Rehabilitation Ageingand WellbeingSchool of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG72UHUK Division of Health Sciences School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG72UHUK Institute of Movement and Neurosciences German Sport UniversityCologne 50933Germany Division of Psychiatry and Applied Psychology School of MedicineUniversity of NottinghamNottingham NG72UHUK Center for Methodology and Health Research Department of General MedicinePreventive and Rehabilitative MedicinePhilipps-Universität MarburgMarburg 35032Germany

Background:The evidence concerning which physical exercise characteristics are most effective for older adults is *** aimed to characterize the extent of this diversity and inconsistency and identify future directions for research by undertaking a systematic review of metaanalyses of exercise interventions in older ***:We searched the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews,PsycInfo,MEDLINE,Embase,CINAHL,AMED,SPORTDiscus,and Web of Science for articles that met the following criteria:(1)meta-analyses that synthesized measures of improvement(e.g.,effect sizes)on any outcome identified in studies of exercise interventions;(2)participants in the studies meta-analyzed were adults aged 65+or had a mean age of 70+;(3)meta-analyses that included studies of any type of exercise,including its duration,frequency,intensity,and mode of delivery;(4)interventions that included multiple components(e.g.,exercise and cognitive stimulation),with effect sizes that were computed separately for the exercise component;and(5)meta-analyses that were published in any year or *** characteristics of the reviews,of the interventions,and of the parameters improved through exercise were reported through narrative *** of the interventions linked to the largest improvements was carried out by identifying the highest values for improvement recorded across the *** study included 56 meta-analyses that were heterogeneous in relation to population,sample size,settings,outcomes,and intervention ***:The largest effect sizes for improvement were found for resistance training,meditative movement interventions,and exercise-based active ***:The review identified important gaps in research,including a lack of studies investigating the benefits of group interventions,the characteristics of professionals delivering the interventions associated with better outcomes,and the impact of motivational strategies and of sig

关键词： Intervention Meta-analyses Old Physical exercise Systematic review

Spatial Modelling of Weather Variables for Plant Disease Applications in Mwea Region

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Journal of Geoscience and Environment Protection 2016年第5期4卷 127-136页

作者： Paul Onyango Ouma Patroba Achola Odera john bosco Mukundi Department of Geomatic Engineering and Geospatial Information Systems Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Juja Kenya Department of Horticulture and Food Sciences Jomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and Technology Juja Kenya

Climate change is expected to affect the agricultural systems, such as crop yield and plant disease occurrence and spread. To be able to mitigate against the negative impacts of climate change, there is a need to use early warning systems that account for expected changes in weather variables such as temperature and rainfall. Moreover, providing such information at high spatial and temporal resolutions can be useful in improving the accuracy of an early warning system. This paper describes a methodology that can be used to produce high spatial and temporal resolutions of minimum temperature, maximum temperature and rainfall in an agricultural area. We utilize MarkSim GCM, a weather file generator that incorporates IPCC based climate change models to downscale the weather variables at monthly intervals. An ensemble of 17 GCM models is used within the RCP 8.0 emission scenario within the latest model based CMIP5. We first assess the usability of the model, by comparing results produced to what has been recorded at weather station level over a vast region. Then, we estimate the correction factors for model results by implementing a linear regression that is used to assess the relationship between the variables and the deviation of model outputs to the weather station data. Finally, we use kriging geostatistical technique to interpolate the weather data, for the year 2010. Results indicated that the model overestimated the results of maximum temperature, while underestimating the result of minimum temperature. Variability in the recorded weather variables was also evident, indicating that the response variables such as plant disease severity dependent on such weather information could vary in the area. These datasets can be useful especially in predicting the occurrence of plant diseases, which are affected by either rainfall or temperature.

关键词： Climate Change Rice Blast GIS Geostatistics MarkSim GCM

Reaction of Ferralsol to Acidifying Effect of Nitrogen Fertilisation

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Journal of Agricultural Chemistry and Environment 2021年第1期10卷 69-79页

作者： john Stephen Tenywa Jean bosco Ngarukiyimana Alice Amoding Katushabe College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Makerere University Kampala Uganda

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the short-term effect of urea fertiliser application on soil reactions in a Ferralsol, with particular thrust on P sorption. Methods: Two experiments were conducted for this purpose: 1) a screenhouse pot experiment; and 2) a laboratory P sorption component. The pot (10 litre capacity plastic pots) experiment was conducted at the Makerere University Agricultural Research, Kabanyolo in Uganda, using a Ferralsol. The study comprised of four urea N (46% N) fertiliser treatments, namely, 0, 40, 80 and 120 kg N·ha-1, equivalent to 0, 200, 400 and 600 mg N per pot. A completely randomised design was adopted with three replicates. Urea rates were applied in 50% split doses, one at planting and the other at 19 days after seedling emergence (to simulate farmer practice). This was followed by watering to field capacity using distilled water. Soil samples were taken at three daily intervals until day fourteen;thereafter, soil sampling was at an interval of seven days. The second urea split dose was applied at 21 days followed by soil sampling at an interval of three days till day fourteen. Thereafter, soil was sampled at seven day intervals until the end of experiment. Soil samples were analysed for exchangeable H+, Al3+, NH4+and NO3- ions. The reaction trends of the concentrations of these ions and Bray 1 P were used to structure different response curves repres

关键词： Urea Hydrolysis Ammonification Phosphorus Sorption