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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2023年第2期16卷 30-37页

作者： Jianmin Gao Yinan Guo mazhar hussain tunio Xiangchao Chen Zhijian Chen School of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina

In the process of aeroponics cultivation,the atomizer is one of the most important influencing factors on the cultivation *** study presented the design of an ultrasonic atomization nozzle using contact charging and a root droplet adhesion test *** purpose of this study was to reveal the relationship between the main operating parameters of the high-voltage electrostatic ultrasonic atomization nozzle and the atomization effect using droplet adhesion *** this study,the ultrasonic effect of nozzle was achieved by using Laval tube,and the design of the key parameters for the high-voltage electrostatic ultrasonic atomization nozzle were inlet pressure,electrostatic voltage root core electrode material and spray distance;the droplet size variation and root adhesion patterns were obtained through *** best operating parameters were analyzed by using the orthogonal test method,and the droplet deposition distribution of the root system at different scales was investigated in the atomization *** test results revealed that when the root core electrode material was coppe and the nozzle working parameters were at 0.4 MPa of inlet pressure,at 1.75 m the spray distance,at 12 kV of the electrostatic voltage,the root system has the highest droplet adhesion.

关键词： ultrasonic nozzle high pressure electrostatic system droplet size measurement root adhesion test droplet deposition effect

Influences of moisture content and compressive loading speed on the mechanical properties of maize grain orientations

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2021年第5期14卷 41-49页

作者： Farman Ali Chandio Yaoming Li Zheng Ma Fiaz Ahmad Tabinda Naz Syed Sher Ali Shaikh mazhar hussain tunio School of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212000JiangsuChina Faculty of Agricultural Engineering Sindh Agriculture UniversityTandojam 70060SindhPakistan College of Engineering Nanjing Agriculture UniversityNanjing 210044China Department of Agricultural Engineering Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan

Determination of the mechanical properties(rupture force,deformation,hardness,and toughness)of maize grain could be a significant concern for designing the harvester,thresher,and handling,processing,and storage ***,the present research was conducted to assess the vertical and lateral rupture force,deformation,hardness,and toughness of maize grain(Beijing Denong,Lianchuang,Suyu 20,Liyu 88 and Suyu 29)influenced by different moisture contents(11.2%,17.5%,and 21.3%)and compressive loading speeds(5,10,15,20,and 25 mm/min,respectively).Besides,the mean length,width,thickness,geometric mean diameter,equivalent diameter,arithmetic diameter,sphericity,grain volume,surface area,and aspect ratio of the selected varieties were *** results showed that the highest length,width,thickness and sphericity,grain volume,surface area,and aspect ratio were obtained at moisture of 21.3%,whereas the lowest was at 11.2%.Moreover,it was observed that as increasing the loading speed from 5 to 25 mm/min,the vertical and lateral rupture forces ***,as increasing moisture contents from 11.2%to 21.3%,the vertical and lateral rupture forces,hardness,and toughness decreased ***,the maximum correlation(R2=0.9957)between rupture force and loading speed was found for Liyu 88 at moisture of 17.5%and minimum correlation(R2=0.7002)was found for Suyu 29 at moisture of 11.2%.Moreover,the highest lateral and vertical rupture force was noticed(p<0.05)at a loading speed of 5 mm/*** on the experimentally obtained results,it was concluded that the properties of maize grain evaluated were relevant to the design of planter,harvesters,thrashers,and processing machine.

关键词： maize grain moisture content compressive loading speeds mechanical properties orientation

Overview of the aeroponic agriculture-An emerging technology for global food security

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第1期13卷 1-10页

作者： Imran Ali Lakhiar Jianmin Gao Tabinda Naz Syed Farman Ali Chandio mazhar hussain tunio Fiaz Ahmad Kashif Ali Solangi School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina

Traditionally,crops are cultivated in soil-based open field ***,environmental degradation,urbanization,and food security issues have replaced open-field systems with modern plant production *** culture is one of the modern plant production systems,which involves much higher use of available *** presented study provides information about currently accessible soilless systems and discussed the aeroponic *** to other soilless systems,aeroponic reduce water usage through continuous water ***,the aeroponic is not entirely implemented among local farmers,and very few farmers have adopted the system due to the lack of research and technical information available in the ***,this study was planned to provide information about the development and maintenance tasks required for practicing the aeroponic *** study could provide knowledge to the researchers,farmers,and those people interested in practicing the aeroponic system.

关键词： aeroponic food security hydroponic soilless culture substrate culture

Effects of different irrigation frequencies and incorporation of rice straw on yield and water productivity of wheat crop

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2020年第1期13卷 138-145页

作者： mazhar hussain tunio Jianmin Gao Mashooque Ali Talpur Imran Ali Lakhiar Farman Ali Chandio Sher Ali Shaikh Kashif Ali Solangi School of Agricultural Equipment Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China Sindh Agriculture University 70060 Tando JamPakistan

The current rapid increase in irrigation water consumption is considered unsustainable and threatens the world food ***,it is mandatory to promote modern techniques and to manage existing conventional irrigation *** present study was attempted to determine the effects of different irrigation frequencies and rice straw incorporation rates on yield and water productivity of the wheat *** experiment was arranged with randomize complete block design involving nine treatments(RS 0 I 7,RS 0 I 15,RS 0 I 22,RS 1 I 7,RS 1 I 15,RS 1 I 22,RS 2 I 7,RS 2 I 15 and RS 2 I 22)under three *** exposed that the incorporation of rice straw with different irrigation frequencies significantly improved physico-chemical properties of ***,soil bulk density,infiltration rate,pH,electrical conductivity significantly decreased and soil porosity significantly increased under all ***,maximum crop yield and crop water productivity of 7706.4 kg/hm 2 and 1.92 kg/m 3 respectively were found under RS 1 I 15 *** on experimental results it can be concluded that irrigation frequency and incorporation of rice straw had significant effects on the physico-chemical properties of soil,total grain yield and water productivity of the wheat ***,this study suggested that the wheat crop yield and water productivity could be increased by incorporating 1 t/hm 2 rice straw with 15 d of irrigation frequency.

关键词： physico-chemical irrigation frequency rice straw wheat crop water productivity

Effects of droplet size and spray interval on root-to-shoot ratio,photosynthesis efficiency,and nutritional quality of aeroponically grown butter head lettuce

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第1期15卷 79-88页

作者： mazhar hussain tunio Jianmin Gao Waqar Ahmed Qureshi Sher Ali Sheikh Jiedong Chen Farman Ali Chandio Imran Ali Lakhiar Kashif Ali Solangi School of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina

The proper selection of the atomizer(droplet size)and nutrient solution spray interval is one of the most important factors to be investigated in aeroponics system for sustainable *** aim of this study was to research the effects of four aeroponics atomizing nozzles(one air-assisted;A_(1),two air-less;A_(2) and A_(3),and one ultrasonic fogger;A_(4))with droplet sizes of 11.24μm,26.35μm,17.38μm,and 4.89μm,respectively,four spray intervals(15 min(I_(1)),30 min(I_(2)),45 min(I_(3))and 60 min(I_(4)))at a 5 min of constant spray time by atomizing the Hoagland’s nutrient solution on growth,root-to-shoot ratio,photosynthesis characteristics,pigments,and nutritional quality of the aeroponically grown *** experimental results demonstrated that in A_(1) atomizer and I_(2) interval,the growth,photosynthesis efficiency,chlorophyll,carotenoids,and nutritional values of the lettuce were significantly higher compared to that grown in A_(2) and A_(3) atomizers at all spray *** shoot developments were more constrained than root,prominent to the alteration of root-to-shoot ratio(fresh and dry)in the influence of different droplet sizes and spray ***,the plants did not grow well in A_(4) atomizer associated with proposed spray *** results disclosed that there was an obvious interaction between droplet sizes(atomizers)and spray intervals for growth,the ratio of root to shoot,photosynthesis efficiency,pigments,and nutritional quality of the aeroponically grown *** research study increases the awareness of the proper droplet size(atomizer)and the regulation of nutrient solution spray interval for leafy vegetables grown in an aeroponics system.

关键词： aeroponics system atomizers droplet sizes photosynthesis efficiency chlorophyll contents quality of lettuce

Effects of soil mechanical properties on the height and tractive performance of rubber grouser at different moisture contents

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第6期15卷 31-37页

作者： Sher Ali Shaikh Yaoming Li Zheng Ma Farman Ali Chandio mazhar hussain tunio Fiaz Ahmad Kashif Ali Solangi School of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013JiangsuChina Sindh Agriculture University 70060 Tando JamPakistan Department of Agricultural Engineering Bahauddin Zakariya UniversityMultan 60800Pakistan

Rubber tracked vehicles are commonly used on agricultural machinery that perform agricultural operations such as rice harvesting in soft paddy fields with low bearing *** was carried out to assess the influence of soil moisture content and mechanical properties on the tractive performance of a rubber grouser with three heights(45 mm,55 mm,60 mm).The direct shear test and penetration test were used in this study,which was based on a semi-empirical approach of determining tractive *** shear tests were used to measure soil shear strength parameters such as cohesion,adhesion,internal and exterior friction *** results of the penetration test were used to determine tractive parameters such as soil thrust,running resistance,and traction,for the penetration test,a device was designed and *** experimental results revealed that soil cohesion and adhesion increased linearly with increasing soil moisture content,however adhesion dropped after 30.7%.Similarly,the soil thrust initially increased till 21.5%then ***,running resistance had a decreasing trend over soil moisture content whereas maximum traction achieved for 45 mm grouser height at 21.5%moisture *** was concluded that a rubber grouser with 45 mm height had better traction rather than 55 mm and 60 mm,it can be suitably used for designing a track system for a crawler vehicle(e.g.,harvester)leading to its greater adoption among the farmers.

关键词： soil moisture content traction rubber grouser soil mechanical properties tracked vehicle

Development and experiments of low frequency ultrasonic electrostatic atomizing nozzle with double resonators

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International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering 2022年第4期15卷 39-48页

作者： Jianmin Gao Ke Xu Rui He Xiangchao Chen mazhar hussain tunio School of Agricultural Engineering Jiangsu UniversityZhenjiang 212013China

Fine droplets with high adhesion can greatly improve the efficiency of atomization ***,the development of a spray nozzle that can produce fine fog droplets with high adhesion is of great significance for *** to piezoelectric ultrasonic atomizer,Hartmann resonator low-frequency ultrasonic electrostatic atomizer has the advantages of large atomization volume and constant liquid chemical structure,but the droplet size is ***-speed gas can generate low-frequency ultrasonic vibration sound waves in Hartmann *** frequency and intensity of sound waves determine the atomization performance of supersonic atomizer ***,very few research literatures can be found on how the structure and operating parameters of Hartmann resonator affect the atomization *** order to improve the atomization performance of ultrasonic atomizer,a two-stage Hartmann resonator low-frequency ultrasonic electrostatic atomizer was *** shrinkage-type Laval tube was designed by fluid mechanics theory,and the design results were verified by fluent *** virtual orthogonal test method was used to optimize the structure parameters of two-stage resonator and spray test was carried *** results showed that when the included angle between the two stage resonators was 80°,the diameter was 4.86 mm,the tube length ratio was 1.0 and the gas pressure was 0.5 MPa,the droplet size could reach 22.05μ***,compared with the traditional Hartmann cavity with 90°included angle,the droplet size was decreased by 63%.The annular electrode was used as the charging electrode,and Comsol Multiphysics software was used to simulate and calculate the deformation and crushing process of electrostatic droplets and the influence of different voltage,surface tension and droplet diameter on the droplet deformation *** results showed that:(1)the optimum charge range of the electrode ring was within 20 mm of the axial distance along the ele

关键词： ultrasonic atomization Laval tube two-stage resonance tube electrostatic spray deformation rupture simulation analysis