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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 382-388页

作者： Mohd Aizuddin Mohd Lazaldin Igor Iezhitsa Renu agarwal Puneet agarwal Nafeeza Mohd Ismail Department of Biosciences Faculty of ScienceUniversiti Teknologi MalaysiaJohor BahruMalaysia School of Medicine International Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Pharmacology and Bioinformatics Volgograd State Medical UniversityVolgogradRussia Faculty of Medicine Universiti Teknologi MARASungai Buloh CampusSelangorMalaysia

Amyloid-beta(Aβ)-related alterations,similar to those found in the brains of patients with Alzheimer's disease,have been observed in the retina of patients with *** levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor(BDNF)are believed to be associated with the neurotoxic effects of Aβ*** investigate the mechanism underlying the neuroprotective effects of BDNF on Aβ_(1-40)-induced retinal injury in Sprague-Dawley rats,we treated rats by intravitreal administration of phosphate-buffered saline(control),Aβ_(1-40)(5 nM),or Aβ_(1-40)(5 nM)combined with BDNF(1μg/mL).We found that intravitreal administration of Aβ_(1-40)induced retinal ganglion cell ***-Gold staining showed a significantly lower number of retinal ganglion cells in the Aβ_(1-40)group than in the control and BDNF *** the Aβ_(1-40)group,low number of RGCs was associated with increased caspase-3 expression and reduced TrkB and ERK1/2 *** abolished Aβ_(1-40)-induced increase in the expression of caspase-3 at the gene and protein levels in the retina and upregulated TrkB and ERK1/2 *** findings suggest that treatment with BDNF prevents RGC apoptosis induced by Aβ_(1-40)by activating the BDNF-TrkB signaling pathway in rats.

关键词： amyloid-beta 1-40 brain-derived neurotrophic factor Fluoro-Gold neuroprotection retinal ganglion cells(RGC) retinal toxicity tropomyosin receptor kinase B(TrkB)

Bone-targeted therapies to reduce skeletal morbidity in prostate cancer

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2018年第3期20卷 215-220页

作者： Tanya B Dorff Neeraj agarwal USC Keck School of Medicine USC Norris Comprehensive Cancer Center Genitourinary Oncology Los Angeles CA 90033 USA Hunts Man Cancer Institute Universityof Utah 2000 Circle of Hope Salt Lake City UT 84112 USA

Bone metastases are the main driver of morbidity and mortality in advanced prostate cancer. Targeting the bone microenvironment, a key player in the pathogenesis of bone metastasis, has become one of the mainstays of therapy in men with advanced prostate cancer. This review will evaluate the data supporting the use of bone-targeted therapy, including （1） bisphosphonates such as zoledronic acid, which directly target osteoclasts, （2） denosumab, a receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B （RANK） ligand inhibitor, which targets a key component of bone stromal interaction, and （3） radium-223, an alpha-emitting calcium mimetic, which hones to the metabolically active areas of osteoblastic metastasis and induces double-strand breaks in the DNA. Denosumab has shown enhanced delay in skeletal-related events compared to zoledronic acid in patients with metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer （mCRPC）. Data are mixed with regard to pain control as a primary measure of efficacy. New data call into question dosing frequency, with quarterly dosing strategy potentially achieving similar effect compared to monthly dosing for zoledronic acid. In the case of radium-223, there are data for both pain palliation and improved overall survival in mCRPC. Further studies are needed to optimize timing and combination strategies for bone-targeted therapies. Ongoing studies will explore the impact of combining bone-targeted therapy with investigational therapeutic agents such as immunotherapy, for advanced prostate cancer. Future studies should strive to develop biomarkers of response, in order to improve efficacy and cost-effectiveness of these agents.

关键词： bisphosphonate bone metastases prostate cancer radiopharmaceutical receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B-ligand

COVID-19:Review on Its Etiology,Pathogenesis,and Existence in Humans

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BIOCELL 2020年第4期44卷 461-467页

作者： VIVEK KUMAR VISHNU agarwal Department of Biotechnology Motilal Nehru National Institute of TechnologyAllahabad211004India

The world is facing a new healthcare crisis with the rise and spread of novel coronavirus since December *** known as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Corona Virus-2(SARS-CoV-2),the disease associated with SARSCoV-2 is even called ***-19 is having a pulverizing impact on the scientific *** of August 13,2020,the number of confirmed cases had reached up to 20,439,814 and the death toll to 744,385,affecting more than 188 territories across the *** these difficult times,the world is looking towards research and clinical work from different scientific communities to lead the way to a solution to the *** this review,we are focusing on COVID-19 emergence,pathogenicity,and existence in humans,as well as the SARS-CoV-2 infection mechanism and its similarities to previous coronavirus strains.

关键词： COVID-19 SARS-CoV MERS-CoV

CONVERGENCE OF BACKPRIOPAG ATION WITH MOMENTUM FOR NETWORK A RCHITECTURES WITH SKIP CONNECTIONS

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Journal of Computational Mathematics 2021年第1期39卷 147-158页

作者： Chirag agarwal Joe Klobusicky Dan Schonfeld Department of Electrical and Cormputer Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60607USA Department of Mathematical Sciences Rensselaer Polytechnic InstituteTroyNY 12180USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering University of Illinois at ChicagoChicagoIL 60607USA

We study a class of deep neural networks with architectures that form a directed acyclic graph(DAG).For backpropagation defined by gradient descent with adaptive momentum,we show weights converge for a large class of nonlinear activation functions.'The proof generalizes the results of Wu et al.(2008)who showed convergence for a feed-forward network with one hidden *** an example of the effectiveness of DAG architectures,we describe an example of compression through an AutoEncoder,and compare against sequential feed-forward networks under several metrics.

关键词： Backpropagation with momentum Autoencoders Directed acyclic graphs.

Magnesium acetyltaurate prevents retinal damage and visual impairment in rats through suppression of NMDA-induced upregulation of NF-κB,p53 and AP-1(c-Jun/c-Fos)

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Neural Regeneration Research 2021年第11期16卷 2330-2344页

作者： Lidawani Lambuk Igor Iezhitsa Renu agarwal Puneet agarwal Anna Peresypkina Anna Pobeda Nafeeza Mohd Ismail Center for Neuroscience Research(NeuRon) Faculty of MedicineUniversiti Teknologi MARASungai Buloh CampusSelangorMalaysia School of Medicine International Medical UniversityKuala LumpurMalaysia Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacology Institute of MedicineBelgorod State National Research UniversityBelgorodRussia

Magnesium acetyltaurate(MgAT)has been shown to have a protective effect against N-methyl-D-aspartate(NMDA)-induced retinal cell *** current study investigated the involvement of nuclear factor kappa-B(NF-κB),p53 and AP-1 family members(c-Jun/c-Fos)in neuroprotection by MgAT against NMDA-induced retinal *** this study,Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized to undergo intravitreal injection of vehicle,NMDA or MgAT as pre-treatment to *** days after injections,retinal ganglion cells survival was detected using retrograde labelling with fluorogold and BRN3A *** outcome of retinal damage was assessed using electroretinography,and the mechanisms underlying antiapoptotic effect of MgAT were investigated through assessment of retinal gene expression of NF-κB,p53 and AP-1 family members(c-Jun/c-Fos)using reverse transcription-polymerase chain *** phospho-NF-κB,phospho-p53 and AP-1 levels were evaluated using western blot *** visual functions were evaluated using visual object recognition *** retrograde labelling and BRN3A immunostaining revealed a significant increase in the number of retinal ganglion cells in rats receiving intravitreal injection of MgAT compared with the rats receiving intravitreal injection of *** indicated that pre-treatment with MgAT partially preserved the functional activity of NMDA-exposed *** abolished NMDA-induced increase of retinal phospho-NF-κB,phospho-p53 and AP-1 expression and suppressed NMDA-induced transcriptional activity of NF-κB,p53 and AP-1 family members(c-Jun/c-Fos).Visual object recognition tests showed that MgAT reduced difficulties in recognizing the visual cues(*** with different shapes)after NMDA exposure,suggesting that visual functions of rats were relatively preserved by pre-treatment with *** conclusion,pre-treatment with MgAT prevents NMDA induced retinal injury by inhibiting NMDA-induced neuronal apoptosis via downr

关键词： AP-1(c-Jun/c-Fos) electroretinography magnesium acetyltaurate neuroprotection NF-κB N-methyl-D-aspartate object recognition tasks p53 retinal excitotoxicity retrograde labelling

A NUMERICAL APPROACH STUDYING THE EFFECTS OF PRECIPITATION SCAVENGING ON STEADY-STATE DISPERSION OF AIR POLLUTANTS

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2012年第1期3卷 51-67页

作者： MANJU agarwal ABHINAV TANDON Department of Mathematics and Astronomy University of Lucknow LucknowUttar PradeshIndia Department of Mathematics Shri Ramswaroop Memorial Group of Professional Colleges Tiwariganj Faizabad RoadLucknowUttar PradeshIndia

The present paper demonstrates the applicability of finite element method of weighted residuals to study the effects of precipitation scavenging through raindrops on the steady-state dispersion of air pollutants in the atmosphere under realistic variable wind and diffusivity ***,the washout of pollutants by rain droplets is considered and the whole analysis for the pollutant concentration is carried out in two phases *** phase and droplet *** model solutions are obtained by using local basis and asymmetric quadratic weighting functions which can provide a promising alternative to the standard Galerkin formulation for problems with advective and diffusive *** results of the model reveal that the precipitation scavenging by rain is quite effective in cleaning the polluted *** the need of pollutant concentration in rain drops regarding acid precipitation(or acid rain),the concentration of the absorbed pollutant in the droplet phase are also ***,the present study provides an understanding on the concentration distribution of pollutant in gaseous and droplet phases,under the effects of variable wind and diffusivity profiles.

关键词： Precipitation scavenging pollutant gaseous phase droplet phase finite element asymmetric weighting functions

A RESOURCE-DEPENDENT COMPETITION MODEL:EFFECTS OF POPULATION PRESSURE AUGMENTED INDUSTRIALIZATION

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International Journal of Modeling, Simulation, and Scientific Computing 2012年第2期3卷 109-130页

作者： MANJU agarwal SAPNA DEVI Department of Mathematics&Astronomy Lucknow University Lucknow-226007India DST Centre for Interdisciplinary Mathematical Sciences Banaras Hindu University Varanasi-221005India

In this paper,a nonlinear mathematical model is proposed and analyzed to study the effects of population pressure augmented industrialization on the survival of competing species dependent on *** is assumed that the growths of competing species are logistic and carrying capacities increase with increase in the density of resource ***,it is assumed that the resource biomass too is growing logistically in the envi-ronment and its carrying capacity decreases with the increase in densities of competing species and *** growth rate of population pressure is assumed to be proportional to the densities of competing *** of all equilibria and con-ditions which influence the permanence of the system are carried out using theory of differential *** simulations are performed to accomplish our analytical *** is shown that the equilibrium density of resource biomass decreases as(i)the growth rate coefficient of population pressure increases(ii)the growth rate coeffi-cient of industrialization due to population pressure increases and(iii)the growth rate coefficient of industrialization due to resource biomass *** is found that the competitive outcome alters with increase in the growth rate coefficient of population *** in the equilibrium densities of competing species is also noted with increase in the growth rate coefficient of industrialization due to resource biomass.

关键词： Resource biomass competing species population pressure industrialization stability persistence.

Afterword to varicocele and male infertility： curreni concepts and future perspectives

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2016年第2期18卷 319-322页

作者： Sandro C Esteves Ashok agarwal ANDROFERT Center for Male Reproduction Av.Dr. Heitor Penteado 1464 Campinas SP 13075-460Brazil American Center for Reproductive Medicine Cleveland Clinic 10681 Carnegie Avenue X-11Cleveland OH 44195 USA.

We summarize and comment on the topics discussed by the contributors to this Special Issue of Asian Journal of Andrology. The scope of varicocele covers a wide spectrum, including proteomics and metabolomics, hormonal control, interventional therapy, and assisted reproductive technology （ART）. The selection of topics demonstrates the exciting breadth of this thematic area and the opportunity research holds for both increasing the understanding and improving the reproductive health of males with varicocele.

关键词： @@

Assessment of groundwater quality with special emphasis on nitrate contamination in parts of Gautam Budh Nagar district,Uttar Pradesh, India

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Acta Geochimica 2019年第5期38卷 703-717页

作者： Meenu agarwal Meenakshi Singh Jakir Hussain Galgotias University Plot No.2Sector 17-A Yamuna ExpresswayGreater NoidaGautam Budh NagarUttar PradeshIndia National River Water Quality Laboratory Central Water CommissionNew Delhi 110016India

Progressive developments in industrial and agricultural activities are causing a critical stress on groundwater quality in developing *** objective of this paper is to assess and evaluate the contamination level of groundwater caused by leachate in 11 villages of the Gautam Budh Nagar district in Uttar Pradesh,*** systematically sampled 22 groundwater samples and 13 leachate samples to ascertain the source of pollution on groundwater *** standard analytical methods given by the American Public Health Association(APHA)(Standard methods for examination of water and wastewater,23rd ***,AWWA,WPCF,Washington,2017)were used for quantitative estimation of hydrochemical parameters of collected *** results of the analysis of groundwater samples indicate that pH values range from 7.31 to *** mean magnesium concentration in groundwater samples is 58.93±21.44 mg/*** of the groundwater samples taken,approximately 41%and 73%of samples analysis results have been found beyond the acceptable limit with respect to the parameters of turbidity and total dissolved solids,respectively,according to the Bureau of Indian Standards(Indian standard specification for drinking water(IS:10500).BIS,Manak Bhawan,New Delhi,2012)for drinking *** 95.4%of groundwater samples and 92.3%of leachate samples have high nitrate concentrations above the standard limit of BIS(45 mg/L),*** Piper plot shows that 50%of the samples belong to the Ca^2+-Mg^2+-HCO3^-*** and Durov's diagrams indicate that the mean concentrations of ions are in the order of Na^+>Mg^2+>Ca^2+>K^+(for cations)and HCO3^->NO3^->C1^->SO42^->CO32^->F-(for anions)in groundwater of the study *** spatial variation of the hydrochemical parameters shows that groundwater is heavily contaminated with respect to *** results indicate that the groundwater of villages Achheja,Bisrakh road,Dujana,Badalpur and Sadopur is not suitable for drinking.

关键词： Leachate Hydrochemical parameters Piper plot Ternary and Durov's diagram Spatial variation

A neural network-based electromyography motion classifier for upper limb activities

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Journal of Innovative Optical Health Sciences 2016年第6期9卷 77-84页

作者： Karan Veer Tanu Sharma Ravinder agarwal Electrical and Instrumentation Engineering Department Thapar University Computer Science Engineering Department GCET Ropar 174001India

The objective of the work is to investigate the classifcation of different movements based on the surface electromyogram(SEMG)pattern recognition *** testing was conducted for four arm movements using several experiments with artificial neural network class fication *** time domain features were extracted and consequently dlassification was implemented using back propagation neural dassifier(BPNC).Further,the realization of projected network was verified using cross validation(CV)process;hence ANOVA algorithm was carried *** of the network is analyzed by considering mean square error(MSE)value.A comparison was performed between the extracted feat ures and back propagation network results reported in the *** concurrent result indicates the significance of proposed network with classification accuracy(CA)of 100%recorded from two channels,while analysis of variance technique helps in investigating the effectiveness of classified sigmal for recognition tasks.

关键词： ANN SEMG arm recognition statistics classification RMS upper arm activities