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The Mechanism of Decreased Serum Phosphorus Levels in Rats with Chronic Kidney Disease after Oral Administration of <i>Bifidobacterium longum</i>

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Advances in Microbiology 2015年第7期5卷 531-540页

作者： Nobuo Nagano mayuko futaya Mamiko Kohno Osami Nakano Norihisa Nishida Yoichi Matsuura Mikiko Shimada Kyoko Ito Tetsuo Ando Takaaki Tsutsui Yoshitaka Ando Kiyotsugu Omae Kosaku Nitta Hiroshi Sakura Tetsuya Ogawa Kidney Disease and Dialysis Center Hidaka-kai Takasaki Gunma Japan Department of Medicine Tokyo Women’s Medical University Medical Center East Tokyo Japan Research and Development Division Morishita Jintan Co. Ltd. Osaka Japan Department of Internal Medicine Yoshikawa Clinic Tokyo Japan Department of Medicine Kidney Center Tokyo Women’s Medical University Tokyo Japan

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients are prone to disturbances in the intestinal microbiota, which contributes to CKD progression and complications. We previously reported a reduction of serum phosphorus (P) levels in hemodialysis patients receiving oral encapsulated bifidobacteria. The present study was conducted to clarify the mechanisms of P-lowering effect of bifidobacteria on CKD rats. CKD was induced in rats by 5/6 nephrectomy. Five weeks later, the rats were fed for 4 weeks on a powder diet containing encapsulated bifidobacteria. At the end of the study, intestinal contents were sampled for analyses of pH, intestinal flora and short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Oral administration of bifidobacteria halted the onset and progression of hyperphosphatemia in CKD rats. The increased number of bifidobacteria was confirmed in the cecum. In addition, the increase in intestinal pH in CKD rats was decreased after bifidobacteria treatment, along with increases in some SCFAs. Furthermore, positive correlation between serum P levels and intestinal pH was observed. In conclusion, the mechanism for the P-lowering effect of bifidobacteria was supposed as follows: CKD conditions increase aerobic bacteria which hydrolyze urea into ammonia. Elevated pH decreases ionization of intestinal calcium (Ca) which leads to an increase in free phosphate ions through reduction of Ca phosphate crystal precipitation. Administered bifidobacteria fermented carbohydrates to produce SCFAs, resulting in acidification of the intestinal lumen. The resulting low intestinal pH increases Ca ionization, which binds with free phosphate ions as an intrinsic P binder, resulting in the reduction of serum P levels.

关键词： Bifidobacteria CKD-MBD Dysbiosis Hyperphosphatemia Intestinal pH Short-Chain Fatty Acids

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Investigation of HO_(2) uptake mechanisms onto multiple-component ambient aerosols collected in summer and winter time in Yokohama,Japan

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第3期137卷 18-29页

作者： Jun Zhou Yukiko Fukusaki Kentaro Murano Tania Gautam Yu Bai Yoshimi Inomata Hiroaki Komatsu mayuko Takeda Bin Yuan Min Shao Yosuke Sakamoto Yoshizumi Kajii Institute for Environmental and Climate Research Jinan UniversityGuangzhou 511443China Guangdong-Hongkong-Macao Joint Laboratory of Collaborative Innovation forEnvironmental Quality Guangzhou 511443China Graduate School of Global Environmental Studies Kyoto UniversityKyoto606-8501Japan Yokohama Environmental Science Research Institute Yokohama Kanagawa 221–0024Japan Department of Chemistry University of AlbertaAlbertaEdmonton T6G 2G2Canada Graduate School of Human and Environmental Studies Kyoto UniversityKyoto 606-8501Japan Kanagawa Environmental Research Center Kanagawa 254-0014Japan Center for Regional Environmental Research National Institute for Environmental StudiesIbaraki305-8506Japan

The heterogeneous loss of HO_(2)radicals onto ambient aerosols plays an important role in tropospheric ***,sparse investigation of the dominating parameters controlling the HO_(2)uptake coefficients onto ambient aerosols(γHO_(2))has largely hindered the application of the measuredγHO_(2)to the global spatial *** we induced an offine method using LFP-LIF technique to measure the kinetics of HO_(2)uptake onto ambient aerosols collected in summertime and wintertime in Yokohama city,a regional urban site near Tokyo,*** controlling the dominating parameters which infuenceγHO_(2),we were able to investigate the detailed HO_(2)uptake *** characterized the chemical composition of the collected ambient aerosols,including organics,inorganics,transition metals ions,*** modeledγHO_(2)using different *** show thatγHO_(2)increased with the increase in RH,and the aerosol states(“dry”or wet/aqueous)have large effects onγHO_(2).With fixed RH and aerosol chemical composition,γHO_(2)was highly dependent on pH and inversely correlated with[HO_(2)]_*** combing the measuredγHO_(2)values with the modeled ones,we found that both the HO_(2)self-reaction and transition metal-catalyzed reactions should be accounted for to yield a single parameterization to predictγHO_(2),and different chemical compositions may have collective effects onγHO_(2).Results may serve for extending theγHO_(2)values measured at one observation site to different environmental conditions,which will help us to achieve more accurate modeling results concerning secondary pollutant formation(i.e.,ozone).

关键词： HO_(2)uptake kinetics Offine method Impacting factors Mechanism

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Symptomatic COVID-19 in University Students: A School-Wide Web-Based Questionnaire Survey during the Omicron Variant Outbreak

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2024年第1期14卷 133-146页

作者： Mai Kitahara Hisami Sameshima Rie Tanuma Kumi Setoyama Yuka Yamaguchi Akiyo Kamachi Satoko Nakamura mayuko Sakuma Yoichi Kawaike Tamotsu Furuya Shinji Ijichi Health Service Center Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan Center for Management of Information Technologies Kagoshima University Kagoshima Japan

Aim: To detect risk and preventive factors associated with the Omicron variant infection in university students, a combination of a web-based survey and multivariate logistic regression analysis was introduced as the front-line initiatives by the school health practitioners. Design: Questionnaire survey. Methods: The school-wide web-based questionnaire survey was conducted among our university students as a part of the annual health check-up in April, 2023. The positive outcome was confined to the first symptomatic COVID-19 onset during the Omicron variant outbreak. Results: In this self-administered survey, risk or protective associations were merely estimated statistically in university students (n = 5406). In measured factors, karaoke and club/group activities could maintain the statistical significance in adjusted odds ratios (ORs) as relative risk factors, and science course, measles/ rubella (MR) vaccination, and COVID-19 vaccination remained as relative protective factors in adjusted OR analyses. Club/group activities with member gathering and karaoke sing-along sessions in university students may frequently have WHO’s three Cs. These risk factors are still important topics for the infection control of COVID-19 in university students. Together with some recent reports from other researchers, the significant protective role of MR vaccine in our survey warrants further clinical investigation. If the breakthrough infection continuously constitutes the majority of infection, real data in test-negative case-control or web-based questionnaire design continue to be important for statistical analysis to determine the minimal requirement of our strategies which may be equivalent to or replace COVID-19 vaccines.

关键词： Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) Omicron Variant Risk Behaviors Protective Factors

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Can early precut reduce post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis in patients with difficult bile duct cannulation?

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2024年第9期16卷 519-525页

作者： Tomohiro Tanikawa Keisuke Miyake mayuko Kawada Katsunori Ishii Takashi Fushimi Noriyo Urata Nozomu Wada Ken Nishino Mitsuhiko Suehiro Miwa Kawanaka Hidenori Shiraha Ken Haruma Hirofumi Kawamoto Department of General Internal Medicine 2 Kawasaki Medical SchoolOkayama 7008505Japan

BACKGROUND Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)is associated with a variety of adverse events(AEs).One of the most important AEs is post-ERCP pancreatitis(PEP),which is most common in cases of difficult biliary *** the precut technique has been reported as a PEP risk factor,recent studies indicate that early precut could reduce PEP,and that precut itself is not a risk *** To evaluate the safety of the precut technique,especially in terms of *** We conducted a retrospective study,spanning the period from November 2011 through December *** included 1556 patients,aged≥20 years,who underwent their initial ERCP attempt for biliary disease with a naïve papilla at the Kawasaki University General Medical *** compared the PEP risk between the early precut and the delayed precut *** The PEP incidence rate did not significantly differ between the precut and nonprecut ***,the PEP incidence was significantly lower in the early precut group than the delayed precut group(3.5%vs 10.5%;P=0.02).The PEP incidence in the delayed precut group without pancreatic stent insertion(17.3%)was significantly higher compared to other cases(P<0.01).CONCLUSION Our findings indicate that early precut may reduce PEP *** the precut decision is delayed,a pancreatic stent should be inserted to prevent PEP.

关键词： Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis Precut Needle-knife precut papillotomy

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Improvement of aerodynamic stability of suspension bridges with H-shaped simplified stiffening girder

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016年第1期10卷 93-102页

作者： Hiroshi KATSUCHI Hitoshi YAMADA mayuko NISHIO Yoko OKAZAKI Department of Civil Engineering Yokohama National University Yokohama 240-8501 Japan

Wind-tunnel study on the improvement of aerodynamic stability of simplified suspension-bridge girder structures was conducted with using a 1/40-scaled section model. Objective of the study is the development of an economically superior suspension bridge with 500-1,000 m center span length. The wind-tunnel test showed that an edge-girder type cross section exhibited large amplitude torsional vortex-induced vibration as well as torsional flutter at a low wind speed. Accordingly, aerodynamic countermeasures of open grating deck and triangular fating, and structural countermeasures of center stay, diagonal bracing and mass increase were tried to improve the aerodynamic stability. Finally, feasibility of the best combination to a full-scale bridge was examined by structural analysis.

关键词： suspension bridge aerodynamics simplified girder wind-tunnel test

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A wind tunnel study on control methods for cable dry-galloping

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Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2016年第1期10卷 72-80页

作者： Hung D. VO Hiroshi KATSUCHI Hitoshi YAMADA mayuko NISHIO Department of Civil Engineering Yokohama National University Yokohama 240-8501 Japan

The common vibration of cable caused by rain-wind combination has been known as most typical type and a lot kind of its countermeasures has been proposed for suppressing this phenomenon. Recently, stayed-cables were also proved that they could be excited in dry state （without rain）, which is called dry-galloping. Recently, its mechanisms have been explained by axial flow, Reynolds number and so on. To clarify the characteristics of this galloping, wind tunnel test of a cable model with various kinds of wind angle was conducted. Then, three types of countermeasure were examined to suppress dry- galloping of bridge cable. The tests confirmed that the occurrence of dry-galloping depends on relative wind attacked angles and onset reduced wind speed. Furthermore, single spiral wire, double spiral wire and circular ring were found to have high effectiveness in mitigating this galloping when those are installed properly.

关键词： dry-galloping wind-relative angle single spiral wire double spiral wire circular rings

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CNN-based segmentation frameworks for structural component and earthquake damage determinations using UAV images

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Earthquake Engineering and Engineering Vibration 2023年第2期22卷 359-369页

作者： Taisei Saida Muhammad Rashid Yudai Nemoto Shota Tsukamoto Takehiko Asai mayuko Nishio Graduate School of Science and Technology University of TsukubaTsukubaJapan Faculty of Engineering Information and SystemsUniversity of TsukubaTsukubaJapan

Buildings undergo various kinds of structural damage during earthquakes,and damage detection and functional assessment of these structures in the aftermath of the events have been challenging *** these circumstances,computer vision techniques offer a promising solution by automating the inspection *** study presents an effective methodology for automatic structural components and damage detection using unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)images of damaged *** types of neural network architectures are considered for appropriate feature extractions in different task *** feature pyramid network(FPN)is employed for crack,spall,rebar,and component damage segmentation,while the UNet++network is utilized for the damage *** network training and validation,a total of 3805 original images of size 1920×1080 pixels are processed by the proposed method and reduced the image *** the FPN,the achieved highest intersection over unions(IoUs)were 0.59,0.93,0.42,and 0.99 for crack,spall,rebar,and components,*** predicted labels were found in close agreement with the ***,the UNet++recognized the semantic information and damage state with an IoU of *** demonstrated the applicability of the proposed method for automated post-earthquake building inspection process accurately without information loss from the original images.

关键词： computer vision semantic segmentation component segmentation damage evaluation FPN UNet++

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Potential role of chitinase 3-like-1 in inflammation-associated carcinogenic changes of epithelial cells

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2009年第42期15卷 5249-5259页

作者： Katrin Eurich mayuko Segawa Satoko Toei-Shimizu Emiko Mizoguchi Gastrointestinal Unit Department of MedicineMassachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States Center for the Study of Inflammatory Bowel Disease Massachusetts General HospitalHarvard Medical SchoolBostonMA 02114United States

The family of mammalian chitinases includes members both with and without glycohydrolase enzymatic activity against chitin, a polymer of N-acetylglucosamine. Chitin is the structural component of fungi, crustaceans, insects and parasitic nematodes, but is completely absent in mammals. Exposure to antigens containing chitin- or chitin-like structures sometimes induces strong T helper type-I responses in mammals, which may be associated with the induction of mammalian chitinases. Chitinase 3-like-1 （CHI3L1）, a member of the mammalian chitinase family, is induced specifically during the course of inflammation in such disorders as inflammatory bowel disease, hepatitis and asthma. In addition, CHI3L1 is expressed and secreted by several types of solid tumors including glioblastoma, colon cancer, breast cancer and malignant melanoma. Although the exact function of CHI3L1 in inflammation and cancer is still largely unknown, CHI3L1 plays a pivotal role in exacerbating the inflammatory processes and in promoting angiogenesis and remodeling of the extracellular matrix. CHI3L1 may be highly involved in the chronic engagement of inflammation which potentiates development of epithelial tumorigenesis presumably by activating the mitogen-activated protein kinase and the protein kinase B signaling pathways. Anti-CHI3L1 antibodies or pan-chitinase inhibitors may have the potential to suppress CHI3Ll-mediated chronic inflammation and the subsequent carcinogenic change in epithelial cells.

关键词： Mammals Chitinase 3-1ike 1 Colon Epithelial cells Inflammation Colitis Colon neoplasms Inflammatory bowel disease

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Impact of Green Buildings( LEED and Estidama) in the Middle East and China

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施工技术 2014年第10期43卷 76-77,81页

作者： mayuko Totsuka Jourdan Younis ALPIN Limited

0 Introduction The growing number of accredited green buildings reflects the development and adoption of various green building rating systems in our building construction industry globally and within the Middle East over the past 5 *** the US based LEED system,Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design,has been widely utilized as an international

关键词： LEED and Estidama in the Middle East and China Impact of Green Buildings

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Pediatric off-label use of psychotropic drugs approved for adult use in Japan in the light of approval information regarding pediatric patients in the United States: a study of a pharmacy prescription database

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2019年第1期15卷 92-99页

作者： Nanae Tanemura Maika Asawa mayuko Kuroda Tsuyoshi Sasaki Yoshiaki Iwane Hisashi Urushihara Division of Drug Development and Regulatory Science Faculty of PharmacyKeio University1-5-30 ShibakoenMinato-kuTokyo 105-8512Japan Department of Child Psychiatry Chiba University HospitalChibaJapan KRAFT Inc. TokyoJapan

Background Off-label use of psychotropic prescriptions for pediatric patients has been increasing in *** study sought to clarify pediatric patients' off-label use of psychotropics approved only for adults in *** This retrospective study on psychotropic utilization employed a pharmaceutical health insurance claims database supplied by a pharmacy for the fiscal year *** psychotropic drugs were *** each drug,we calculated the proportion of patients aged < 16 years or who were under the approved age limit set in the United States out of all *** maximum daily dose of each drug within the study period was plotted by *** Data of 45,715 patients (female:26,799,male:18,916) with 331,920 prescriptions were examined in this *** each drug,the proportion of pediatric patients aged < 16 years ranged from 0.15 to 1.1%,while the proportion of those under the approved age limit in the United States ranged from 0 to 0.27%.Olanzapine had the highest reported *** drugs other than olanzapine were taken under the approved age limit in the United *** We identified the pediatric off-label use of psychotropics that were limited to adult use in *** results indicated the possibility of referring to international guidelines or evidence in clinical practice,but these factors do not discount the existing problems with off-label *** clinical trials within the pediatric population in Japan are needed to address the issue of off-label use and obtain useful and reliable information in the package inserts for rational use in future pediatric patients.

关键词： Japan Off-label use Pediatric Prescription Psychotropic drug

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