The suicide phenomenon involves complex interactions between psychological,biological,cultural and socio-environmental *** study aimed to assess the epidemiological and toxicological profiles of officially confirmed s...
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The suicide phenomenon involves complex interactions between psychological,biological,cultural and socio-environmental *** study aimed to assess the epidemiological and toxicological profiles of officially confirmed suicide *** study was performed using autopsy reports,forensic anthropology examinations and police summaries of all suicide cases that underwent toxicological analysis at an Official Forensic Laboratory(Minas Gerais,Brazil)in 1 *** sample set was composed of 351 suicide victims,predominantly men(70.32%),most of them were adults between 31 and 64 years old(62.11%),with mixed skin colour(48.89%)and low educational level(66.44%).The most common suicide method was hanging(57.79%),followed by intoxication(30.45%).Most victims presented positive toxicological results(56.41%),especially for the presence of medicines(37.6%),illicit drugs(36.3%)and pesticides(26.1%).Our study corroborated previous data that most suicide victims have low educational *** most common toxicological findings were medicines,especially prescription drugs,followed by illicit drugs and *** hope this study contributes to reflections and planning of preventive suicide programmes,considering the described profiles of victims.
In forest modeling to estimate the volume of wood,artificial intelligence has been shown to be quite effi-cient,especially using artificial neural networks(ANNs).Here we tested whether diameter at breast height(DBH)an...
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In forest modeling to estimate the volume of wood,artificial intelligence has been shown to be quite effi-cient,especially using artificial neural networks(ANNs).Here we tested whether diameter at breast height(DBH)and the total plant height(Ht)of eucalyptus can be pre-dicted at the stand level using spectral bands measured by an unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)multispectral sensor and vegetation *** do so,using the data obtained by the UAV as input variables,we tested different configurations(number of hidden layers and number of neurons in each layer)of ANNs for predicting DBH and Ht at stand level for different Eucalyptus *** experimental design was randomized blocks with four replicates,with 20 trees in each experimental *** treatments comprised five Eucalyptus species(***,***,***,***-dis,and ***)and Corymbria *** and Ht for each plot at the stand level were measured seven times in separate overflights by the UAV,so that the multispectral sensor could obtain spectral bands to calculate vegetation indices(VIs).ANNs were then constructed using spectral bands and VIs as input layers,in addition to the categorical variable (species), to predict DBH and Ht at the stand level simultaneously. This report represents one of the first appli-cations of high-throughput phenotyping for plant size traits in Eucalyptus species. In general, ANNs containing three hidden layers gave better statistical performance (higher esti-mated r, lower estimated root mean squared error-RMSE) due to their greater capacity for self-learning. Among these ANNs, the best contained eight neurons in the first layer, seven in the second, and five in the third (8 − 7 − 5). The results reported here reveal the potential of using the gener-ated models to perform accurate forest inventories based on spectral bands and VIs obtained with a UAV multispectral sensor and ANNs, reducing labor and time.
The coconut mite, Aceria guerreronis Keifer (Acari: Eriophyidae), is a major pest of coconut plantations (Cocos nucifera L.) worldwide. Here, we conducted a bioguided phytochemical approach using toxicity and repellen...
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The coconut mite, Aceria guerreronis Keifer (Acari: Eriophyidae), is a major pest of coconut plantations (Cocos nucifera L.) worldwide. Here, we conducted a bioguided phytochemical approach using toxicity and repellency bioassays of nonpolar extract and its fractions of Vitex gardneriana Schauer (Lamiaceae) leaves to this pest. Nonpolar crude extract was fractionated by column chromatography using solvents with increased polarity and binary mixtures, resulting in five semipurified groups. The biomonitoring bioassay provided active fractions and led to the isolation and characterization of the bioactive compound squalene, a biosynthetic precursor of 20-hydroxyecdysone, which plays an important role in plant defense against arthropods. The LC50 of the crude extract of V. gardneriana for A. guerreronis was estimated to be 0.185 mg·mL-1 and LC80 = 4.123 mg·mL-1. Also, the extract was highly repellent to this pest for up to 24 h. The fractions of V. gardneriana, and also squalene, caused mortality to A. guerreronis. The potential of V. gardneriana fractions/squalene as biopesticides for controlling A. guerreronis in coconut plantations is discussed herein.
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