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Improving the prediction accuracy of soil nutrient classification by optimizing extreme learning machine parameters

Information Processing in Agriculture 2020年第1期7卷 72-82页

作者： M.S.Suchithra maya l.pai Department of Computer Science and IT Amrita School of Arts and SciencesKochiAmrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham682024India

The soil,Soul of Infinite life,is the entity responsible for sustaining life on earth.In spite of significant advances in the service sector,agriculture remains the major provider of employment and source of revenue in India.Soil testing is a valuable tool for evaluating the available nutrient status of soil and helps to determine the proper amount of nutrients to be added to a given soil based on its fertility and crop needs.In the current study,the soil test report values are used to classify several significant soil features like village wise soil fertility indices of Available Phosphorus(P),Available Potassium(K),Organic Carbon(OC)and Boron(B),as well as the parameter Soil Reaction(pH).The classification and prediction of the village wise soil parameters aids in reducing wasteful expenditure on fertilizer inputs,increase profitability,save the time of chemical soil analysis experts,improves soil health and environmental quality.These five classification problems are solved using the fast learning classification technique known as Extreme learning Machine(ElM)with different activation functions like gaussian radial basis,sine-squared,hyperbolic tangent,triangular basis,and hard limit.After the performance analysis of ElMs with diverse activation functions for these soil parameter classifications,the gaussian radial basis function attains the maximum performance for four out of five problems,which goes above 80%in most of the accuracy rate calculations in every problem,followed by hyperbolic tangent,hard limit,triangular basis,and sine-squared.However,the performance of the final classification problem,i.***.the pH classification,gives moderate values with the gaussian radial basis and best performance(near 90%),with the hyperbolic tangent.

关键词： Extreme learning machine Activation functions Soil fertility indices Soil pH Classification Prediction

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Biological,pathological,and multifaceted therapeutic functions of exosomes to target cancer

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Oncology Research 2024年第1期32卷 73-94页

作者： VIGNESH BAlAJI E DIVYA RAMESH MANISHA CHUNGAN SHAJU AKSHARA KUMAR SAMYAK PANDEY RAKSHA NAYAK V.AlKA SRISHTI MUNJAl AMIR SAlIMI K.SREEDHARA RANGANATH pai SHANKAR M.BAKKANNAVAR Department of Pharmacology Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology Kasturba Medical CollegeManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India School of Health and Community Services Durham CollegeOshawaOntarioL1G2G5Canada Department of Pharmaceutical Regulatory Affairs and Management Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Clinical Psychology Manipal College of Health ProfessionsManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Speech and Hearing Manipal College of Health ProfessionsManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India Department of Pharmacy Practice Manipal College of Pharmaceutical SciencesManipal Academy of Higher EducationManipalKarnataka576104India

Exosomes,small tiny vesicle contains a large number of intracellular particles that employ to cause various diseases and prevent several pathological events as well in the human body.It is considered a“double-edged sword”,and depending on its biological source,the action of exosomes varies under physiological conditions.Also,the isolation and characterization of the exosomes should be performed accurately and the methodology also will vary depending on the exosome source.Moreover,the uptake of exosomes from the recipients’cells is a vital and initial step for all the physiological actions.There are different mechanisms present in the exosomes’cellular uptake to deliver their cargo to acceptor cells.Once the exosomal uptake takes place,it releases the intracellular particles that leads to activate the physiological response.Even though exosomes have lavish functions,there are some challenges associated with every step of their preparation to bring potential therapeutic efficacy.So,overcoming the pitfalls would give a desired quantity of exosomes with high purity.

关键词： Exosomes Physiology Cancer Therapeutics Challenges

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景观—社会学视角下的北京高密度城区儿童游戏专属和发现空间

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风景园林 2024年第2期31卷 19-31页

作者： [英]海伦·伍利汤湃谢菲尔德大学风景园林系英国皇家风景园林协会 GUIC国际研究组中国研究组同济大学建筑与城市规划学院 GUIC国际研究组

【目的】在任何地方进行游戏是儿童的天性。以北京中心城区高密度城市环境为例,深入探究儿童如何创造性地使用城市户外公共空间。【方法】从景观—社会学视角,通过半构建访谈、照片访谈和行为观察等方法收集儿童户外活动空间数据。【结... 详细信息

【目的】在任何地方进行游戏是儿童的天性。以北京中心城区高密度城市环境为例,深入探究儿童如何创造性地使用城市户外公共空间。【方法】从景观—社会学视角,通过半构建访谈、照片访谈和行为观察等方法收集儿童户外活动空间数据。【结果】将儿童使用的多样户外空间分为专属空间和发现空间,以及介于两者之间的灵活空间3种类别。深入探究不同类别的活动空间的特点发现,配置有固定游戏设备的儿童专属游乐场所提供的游戏机会单一,无法满足全龄儿童进行多样户外游戏的需求,但专属空间为儿童提供了最为正式且相对安全的游戏环境;儿童广泛使用的灵活空间,如广场和可进入的绿地,其开放性为更为广泛的年龄群体提供了可供奔跑、跳跃和骑车等高强度活动的机会,但营造公平且友好的共享公共环境是灵活空间面临的挑战;发现空间的设计初衷并非为儿童使用,因此儿童在使用这类空间的过程中普遍存在潜在安全隐患。【结论】针对高密度城市环境中有限的公共空间提出了更加包容且儿童友好的营造方式以及优化设计建议,期望为提升高密度城市公共空间服务效能、实现城市可持续发展提供一定科学参考。

关键词：高密度城区儿童友好可供性发现空间户外空间

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Glycogen hepatopathy in type-1 diabetes mellitus: A case report

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World Journal of Hepatology 2022年第2期14卷 471-478页

作者： Yuvaraj Singh Susant Gurung maya Gogtay Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01604United States

BACKGROUND It has been studied that fluctuating glucose levels may superimpose glycated hemoglobin in determining the risk for diabetes mellitus(DM)complications.While non-alcoholic steatohepatitis(NASH)remains a predominant cause of elevated transaminases in Type 2 DM due to a strong underplay of metabolic syndrome,Type 1 DM can contrastingly affect the liver in a direct,benign,and reversible manner,causing Glycogen hepatopathy(GH)-with a good prognosis.CASE SUMMARY A 50-year-old female with history of poorly controlled type 1 DM,status post cholecystectomy several years ago,and obesity presented with nausea,vomiting,and abdominal.pain.Her vitals at the time of admission were stable.On physical examination,she had diffuse abdominal tenderness.Her finger-stick glucose was 612 mg/dl with elevated ketones and low bicarbonate.Her labs revealed abnormal liver studies:AST 1460 U/l,AlP:682 U/l,AlP:569 U/l,total bilirubin:0.3mg/dl,normal total protein,albumin,and prothrombin time/international normalized ratio(PT/INR).A magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP)demonstrated mild intra and extra-hepatic biliary ductal dilation without evidence of choledocholithiasis.She subsequently underwent a diagnostic ERCP which showed a moderately dilated CBD,for which a stent was placed.Studies for viral hepatitis,Wilson’s Disease,alpha-1-antitrypsin,and iron panel came back normal.Due to waxing and waning transaminases during the hospital course,a liver biopsy was eventually done,revealing slightly enlarged hepatocytes that were PAS-positive,suggestive of glycogenic hepatopathy.With treatment of hyperglycemia and ensuing strict glycemic control,her transaminases improved,and she was discharged.CONClUSION With a negative hepatocellular and cholestatic work-up,our patient likely had GH,a close differential for NASH but a poorly recognized entity.GH,first described in 1930 as a component of Mauriac syndrome,is believed to be due to glucose and insulin levels fluctuation.Dual echo magnetic resonance imaging sequencing and compu

关键词： Glycogen Mauriac Hepatic Steatosis Diabetes Type 1 Case report

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Analgesic effect of inhaled lavender essential oil for frenotomy in healthy neonates:a randomized clinical trial

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2022年第6期18卷 398-403页

作者： Silvia maya-Enero Montserrat Fàbregas-Mitjans Rosa Maria llufriu-Marquès Júlia Candel-Pau Jordi Garcia-Garcia MaríaÁngeles lópez-Vílchez Department of Neonatology Service of PediatricsHospital del MarParc de Salut MarUniversitat Pompeu FabraPasseig Marítim 25-2908003BarcelonaSpain

Background Neonatal.pain may affect long-term neurodevelopment and must be treated.Frenotomy is a painful procedure wherein a common strategy to relieve pain(sucking)cannot be used because the technique is performed on the tongue.lavender essential oil(lEO)has sedative and antispasmodic properties and has been successfully used to treat pain during heel puncture and vaccination.Our aim was to demonstrate if the use of inhaled lEO is effective in reducing pain during frenotomy in healthy,full-term neonates.Methods We conducted a randomized clinical trial in neonates who underwent a frenotomy between August 2020 and April 2021.We assessed pain using pre and post-procedure heart rate and oxygen saturation,crying time and Neonatal Infant pain Scale(NIPS)score.Patients with type 3 tongue tie were randomized into the“experimental group”and“control group”.In both groups,we performed swaddling,administered oral sucrose,and let the newborn suck for two minutes.In the experimental group,we also placed a gauze pad with one drop of lEO under the neonate’s nose for two minutes prior to and during the frenotomy.Results We enrolled 142 patients(71 per group).The experimental group showed significantly lower NIPS scores(1.88 vs 2.92)and cried almost half the amount of time(14.8 vs.24.6 seconds,P=0.006).Comparing with the control group,we observed no side effects in either of the groups.Conclusions We observed a significant decrease in crying time and lower NIPS scores in the neonates who received inhaled lEO and underwent a frenotomy for type 3 tongue-ties.Thus,we recommend using inhaled lEO during neonatal frenotomies.

关键词： Ankyloglossia Aromatherapy Frenotomy lavender Neonate Neonatal.pain Tongue-tie

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Hyperglycemia in COVID-19 infection without diabetes mellitus:Association with inflammatory markers

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World Journal of Clinical Cases 2023年第6期11卷 1287-1298页

作者： Harinivaas Shanmugavel Geetha Garima Singh Abinesh Sekar maya Gogtay Yuvaraj Singh George MAbraham Nitin Trivedi Department of Internal Medicine Saint Vincent HospitalWorcesterMA 01608United States Department of Hospice and Palliative Medicine University of Texas HealthSan AntonioTX 78229United States Department of Internal Medicine University of Massachusetts Chan Medical SchoolWorcesterMA 01655United States

BACKGROUND New onset hyperglycemia is common in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)infection.Cytokine storm due to COVID-19 infection is an essential etiology for new-onset hyperglycemia,but factors like direct severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)-induced pancreaticβ-cell failure have also been postulated to play a role.AIM We plan to investigate further the mechanisms underlying SARS-CoV-2 infection-induced hyperglycemia,particularly the rationale of the cytokine-induced hyperglycemia hypothesis,by evaluating the association between inflammatory markers and new onset hyperglycemia in non-diabetic patients with COVID-19 infection.METHODS We conducted a retrospective case-control study on adults without diabetes mellitus hospitalized for COVID-19 infection.The serum levels of glucose and inflammatory markers at presentation before initiation of corticosteroid were collected.Hyperglycemia was defined as glucose levels≥140 mg/dl.C-Reactive protein(CRP)≥100 mg/l,ferritin≥530 ng/ml,lactate dehydrogenase(lDH)≥590 U/l,and D-dimer≥0.5 mg/l were considered elevated.We used theχ2 test for categorical variables and the Mann-Whitney U test for continuous variables and calculated the logistic regression for hyperglycemia.RESUlTS Of the 520 patients screened,248 met the inclusion criteria.Baseline demographics were equally distributed between patients with hyperglycemia and those who were normoglycemic.Serum inflammatory markers in patients with or without new-onset hyperglycemia were elevated as follows:CRP(58.1%vs 65.6%,P=0.29),ferritin(48.4%vs 34.9%,P=0.14),D-dimer(37.1%vs 37.1%,P=0.76)and lDH(19.4%vs 11.8%,P=0.02).logistic regression analysis showed lDH odds ratio(OR)=1.623(P=0.256).We observed significantly higher mortality(24.2%vs 9.1%,P=0.001;OR=2.528,P=0.024)and length of stay(8.89 vs 6.69,P=0.026)in patients with hyperglycemia.CONClUSION Our study showed no association between CRP,ferritin,lDH,D-dimer levels,and new-onset hyperglycemia in non-diabetic patients with COVID-19 i

关键词： COVID-19 Inflammatory markers Hyperglycemia C-reactive protein Mortality Severity Mechanisms Diabetes mellitus

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Predictors of disease severity in ulcerative colitis patients from Southwestern Ontario

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2010年第2期16卷 232-236页

作者： lee S Roth Nilesh Chande Terry Ponich maya l Roth James Gregor Division of Gastroenterology London Health Sciences Centre Victoria Hospital800 Commissioner’s Road EastLondon OntarioN6A 5W9Canada Operational Stress Injury Clinic Parkwood HospitalLondonOntarioN6C 5J1Canada

AIM:To understand the demographic characteristics of patients in Southwestern Ontario,Canada with ulcerative colitis(UC)in order to predict disease severity. METHODS:Records from 1996 to 2001 were exam- ined to create a database of UC patients seen in the london Health Sciences Centre South Street Hospital Inflammatory Bowel Disease Clinic.To be included, patients'charts were required to have information of their disease presentation and a minimum of 5 years of follow-up.Charts were reviewed using standardized data collection forms.Disease severity was generated during the chart review process,and non-endoscopic Mayo Score criteria were collected into a composite. RESUlTS:One hundred and two consecutive patients'data were entered into the database.Demographic analyses revealed that 51%of the patients were male, the mean age at diagnosis was 39 years,13.7%had a first degree relative with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD),61.8%were nonsmokers and 24.5%were ex-smokers.In 22.5%of patients the disease was limited to the rectum,in 21.6%disease was limited to the sigmoid colon,in 22.5%disease was limited to the left colon,and 32.4%of patients had pancolitis. Standard multiple regression analysis which regressed a composite of physician global assessment of disease severity,average number of bowel movements,and average amount of blood in bowel movements on year of diagnosis and age at time of diagnosis was significant,R 2=0.306,F(7,74)=4.66,Play from symptoms to diagnosis of UC,gender, family history of IBD,smoking status and disease severity at the time of diagnosis didnot significantly predict the composite measure. CONClUSION:UC severity is associated with younger age at diagnosis and year of diagnosis in a longitudinal cohort of UC patients,and may identify prognostic UC indicators.

关键词： Demographic Disease severity Prognosis Ulcerative colitis

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Consequences of redefining Alzheimer＇s disease in terms of amyloid burden without regard to cognitive decline

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Neural Regeneration Research 2018年第12期13卷 2098-2099页

作者： Stephen R.Robinson Holly M.Brothers maya l.Gosztyla School of Health and Biomedical Sciences RMIT University Bundoora Victoria Australia Institutefor Breathing and Sleep Austin Health Heidelberg VictoriaAustralia Department of Psychology The Ohio State University ColumbusOH USA Department of Neuroscience the Ohio State UniversityColumbus OH USA

Alzheimer＇s disease（AD）redefined：For the past century,AD has been defined as a disease of progressive cognitive decline paired with a burden of amyloid-β（Aβ）plaques and pathologic tau tangles in the hippocampus and forebrain.However,a recent Framework paper jointly sponsored by the National Institute on Aging and the Alzheimer＇s Association（Jack et al.,2018）proposes new classification guidelines for AD,which,if adopted,will have profoundconsequences for the future management of AD.

关键词： AD Consequences of redefining Alzheimer’s disease in terms of amyloid burden without regard to cognitive decline

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Tribological response of waste tire rubber as micro-fillers in automotive brake lining materials

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Friction 2020年第6期8卷 1153-1168页

作者： Anand pai Sayikumar SUBRAMANIAN Tribhuvan SOOD Department of Aeronautical and Automobile Engineering Manipal Institute of TechnologyManipal Academy of Higher Education ManipalKarnataka 576104lIndia Cranfield University CranfieldMilton KeynesBedfordshire MK430ALUK

Elastomeric materials show promise as potential micro-fillers in brake linings.They can provide vibration damping and acoustic advantages in intermittent and abrupt impact applications such as braking.The elastomeric material can be salvaged from non-biodegradable automotive tires,thereby providing an opportunity to reuse materials that will otherwise be discarded in landfills.Both tribological and thermomechanical performances of the waste tire rubber were assessed to determine their potential for use as micro-fillers in the brake linings of commercial vehicles with a gross weight less than 16 tons.Accordingly,the brake lining materials were fabricated with fine waste tire rubber particulates(WTRPs)as the micro-fillers,phenolic-R resin as the binder,graphite as the dry lubricant,laterite as the co-filler,and coconut coir for natural fiber reinforcement.The effects of increasing the WTRP weight fraction on the brake response of the linings were analyzed,and the different compositions were benchmarked against a commercial brake lining.Mechanical characterization comprising compressive strength,hardness,density,and porosity studies were carried out.Frictional and wear characteristics of the linings were analyzed using a rotary tribometer with simultaneous thermal monitoring.The manufactured lining with 15 wt%WTRPs exhibited a mean friction coefficient of^0.38,a specific volumetric loss rate of 1,662μm3/(N?m),and improved thermal response.Using optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy(SEM)with energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS),wear surface morphology studies compared the relative development of primary and secondary plateaus and revealed the redistribution of wear debris,leading to the stability of the coefficient of friction.

关键词： automotive brakes elastomers graphite energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) scanning electron microscopy(SEM) wear mechanisms

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蓬子菜总黄酮基于TGF-β/Smad3和JNK信号通路对动脉硬化内皮细胞的影响研究

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现代中西医结合杂志 2024年第11期33卷 1515-1519,1525页

作者：徐丹刘思赢彭湃匡东旭夏联恒许贵军韩爽黑龙江中医药大学附属第二医院黑龙江哈尔滨150000 黑龙江中医药大学附属第一医院黑龙江哈尔滨150040

目的探讨蓬子菜总黄酮基于转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)/Smad3和c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)信号通路对动脉硬化内皮细胞的影响。方法将24只成年雄兔随机分为正常组、模型组、蓬子菜总黄酮低剂量组、蓬子菜总黄酮高剂量组,每组6只。除正常组外,... 详细信息

目的探讨蓬子菜总黄酮基于转化生长因子-β(TGF-β)/Smad3和c-Jun氨基末端激酶(JNK)信号通路对动脉硬化内皮细胞的影响。方法将24只成年雄兔随机分为正常组、模型组、蓬子菜总黄酮低剂量组、蓬子菜总黄酮高剂量组,每组6只。除正常组外,其余组兔建立下肢动脉硬化闭塞模型。建模成功后,蓬子菜总黄酮低、高剂量组分别给予45 mg/kg、180 mg/kg的蓬子菜总黄酮灌胃,正常组和模型组给予等量生理盐水灌胃。各组兔灌胃2周后处死,取右侧髂股动脉,分离培养内皮细胞。采用Western blot法检测内皮细胞中TGF-β_(1)、Smad3、JNK及磷酸化JNK(p-JNK)蛋白表达情况,分别采用酶联免疫分析法、硝酸还原法、放射免疫法检测内皮细胞中炎症因子[C反应蛋白(CRP)、可溶性细胞间黏附因子-1(sICAM-1)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-1β(Il-1β)]、一氧化氮(NO)、内皮素-1(ET-1)含量。结果模型组内皮细胞中TGF-β_(1)、Smad3、JNK、p-JNK蛋白表达量及CRP、sICAM-1、TNF-α、Il-1β、ET-1含量均明显高于正常组(P均<0.05),蓬子菜总黄酮各组上述各指标均明显低于模型组(P均<0.05),且蓬子菜总黄酮高剂量组各指标均明显低于蓬子菜总黄酮低剂量组(P均<0.05)。模型组内皮细胞中NO含量明显低于正常组(P<0.05),蓬子菜总黄酮各组NO含量均明显高于模型组(P均<0.05),且蓬子菜总黄酮高剂量组明显高于蓬子菜总黄酮低剂量组(P<0.05)。结论蓬子菜总黄酮可减轻炎症反应,保护血管内皮细胞,抑制平滑肌细胞增殖和细胞凋亡,改善血管内皮功能,机制可能与抑制TGF-β/Smad3和JNK信号通路有关。

关键词：转化生长因子-β Smad3 蓬子菜总黄酮内皮细胞

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