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Molecular diversity of barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV from China and the Czech Republic

Journal of Integrative Agriculture 2020年第11期19卷 2736-2745页

作者： may oo khine Brozenka MICHAELA LIU Yan Jiban Kumar KUNDU WANG Xi-feng State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests Institute of Plant ProtectionChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesBeijing 100193P.R.China Division of Crop Protection and Plant Health Crop Research InstitutePraha 16106Czech Republic

Wheat yellow dwarf disease(BYD),caused by different species of barley/cereal yellow dwarf viruses(B/CYDVs),is one of the most serious cereal diseases in China and the Czech Republic.Because genetic diversity of the virus directly influences disease epidemiology,the molecular diversity and population structure of 24 Chinese isolates and 16 the Czech Republic isolates of BYDV-PAV from different regions in two countries were analyzed by sequencing their coat protein(CP)and readthrough protein(RTP)domain(RTD)genes and comparing the sequences with six CP and 16 RTP sequences of BYDVPAV isolates from the NCBI database based on nucleotide identity position,phylogenetic analysis and nucleotide diversity.Nucleotide identities between the Chinese and the Czech Republic isolates for the CP were 76.6–99.4%,73.9–89.1%for RTD(ORF5),respectively.The Chinese and the other country isolates showed 74.7–99.2%nucleotide identity for RTP(ORF3+ORF5).Phylogenetic analysis of CP sequences showed that 20 Chinese isolates clustered in the same clade,but the other four Chinese isolates clustered in another clade with the isolates from the Czech Republic and other counties.The population of BYDV-PAV in China had greater nucleotide variability and was more divergent than that in the Czech Republic.Geographical and ecological factors but not hosts might contribute to the population differences in the two countries.

关键词： barley yellow dwarf virus-PAV coat protein(CP) readthrough protein(RTP) phylogeny genetic diversity China the Czech Republic

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Shearing Characteristics of Jurassic Silty Mudstone Slip Zone under Different Water Contents and Normal Stresses Based on Ring Shear Tests

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Journal of Earth Science 2022年

作者： Nang Mon Mon Thaw Changdong Li Zongxing Zou Wenqiang Chen Jingjing Long Aung Min oo Dafalla Wadi Faculty of Engineering China University of Geosciences Badong National Observation and Research Station of Geohazards China University of Geosciences Department of Geology Hpa-An University 4. Department of Hydrogeology and Engineering Geology College of Petroleum Geology and Minerals University of Bahri

Landslides frequently occurred in Jurassic red strata in the Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR) region in China. The Jurassic strata consist of low mechanical strength and poor permeability of weak silty mudstone layer, which may cause slope instability during rainfall. In order to understand the strength behavior of Jurassic silty mudstone shear zone, the so-called Shizibao landslide located in Guojiaba Town, Zigui County, Three Gorges Reservoir(TGR) in China is selected as a case study. The shear strength of the silty mudstone shear zone is strongly influenced by the water content and normal stress. Therefore, a series of drained ring shear tests were carried out by changing the water contents(7%, 12%, 17%, and 20%, respectively) and normal stresses(200, 300, 400, and 500 k Pa, respectively).The result revealed that the residual friction coefficient and residual friction angle were power function relationships with water content and normal stress. The peak cohesion of the silty mudstone slip zone increased with water content to a certain limit, above which the cohesion decreased. In contrast, the residual cohesion showed the opposite trend, indicating the cohesion recovery above a certain limit of water content. However, both the peak and residual friction angle of the silty mudstone slip zone were observed to decrease steadily with increased water content. Furthermore, the macroscopic morphological features of the shear surface showed that the sliding failure was developed under high normal stress at low water content, while discontinuous sliding surface and soil extrusion were occurred when the water content increased to a saturated degree. The localized liquefaction developed by excess pore water pressure reduced the frictional force within the shear zone. Finally, the combined effects of the slope excavation and precipitation ultimately lead to the failure of the silty mudstone slope; however, continuous rainfall is the main factor triggering sliding.

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Enhancement of East African Monsoon Long Rainfall (March to may) Variability from Weekly to Annual Scale by Climatic Extremes

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2023年第4期13卷 491-506页

作者： Jonah Kazora Weijun Zhu Than oo Kyaw Joseph Ndakize Sebaziga Frank Rusanganwa James Kagabo School of Atmospheric Sciences Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disaster of Ministry of Education (KLME) Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology Nanjing China Rwanda Meteorology Agency (Meteo Rwanda) Kigali Rwanda School of Science and Technology University of Rwanda Kigali Rwanda

As global warming increasingly affects vulnerable regions such as Central East Africa, it is crucial to understand future changes in rainfall variability to reduce vulnerability. Despite the importance of rainfall variability, it has received less attention compared to changes in mean and extreme rainfall. This study evaluates the amplification of synoptic (weekly) to annual variability of East African Monsoon (EAM) Long Rainfall (March to may) by climatic extremes. Using band-pass filtered daily rainfall data, we found that EAM rainfall variability is anticipated to increase by 20% - 60% across the region under global warming conditions. The majority of the intermodal variability in Long Rain EAM rainfall forecasting is explained by differences in mean rainfall. Our results show that the synoptic variability of Long Rain for EAM rainfall is likely to amplify, resulting in more extreme rainfall events and longer dry spells under global warming. This amplification is attributed to the warming of the Indian Ocean and the associated changes in atmospheric circulation patterns. The projected increase in synoptic to annual variability of Long Rain for EAM rainfall has significant implications for water resources management and agriculture in the region, challenging policymakers to develop adaptive strategies that can mitigate the impacts of these extreme events. This study emphasizes the potential impacts of projected climate changes in rainfall variability on the East African region at all periods and underscores the need for effective adaptation strategies to ensure sustainable development.

关键词： Synoptic Variability East Africa Monsoon Long Rain Global Warming Amplification

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Elucidation of regulatory interaction networks underlying human prostate adenocarcinoma

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Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences 2015年第1期24卷 12-27页

作者： Sujit Nair Celine Liew Tin-oo Khor Li Cai Ah-Ng Tony Kong Amrita Cancer Discovery Biology Laboratory and Amrita School of Pharmacy Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University Ponekkara P.O. Kochi-682041 Kerala India Department of Pharmaceutics Rutgers The State University of New Jersey Piscataway NJ-08854 USA Department of Pharmacy National University of Singapore 18 Science Drive 4 Singapore--117543 Department of Biomedical Engineering Rutgers the State University of New Jersey Piscataway NJ-08854 USA

The incidence of prostate cancer is rising in the Asia-Pacific region as well as other countries. Androgen-ablation therapy is clinically useful in the androgen-dependent phenotype however, many patients progress to hormone refractory prostate cancer that is difficult to treat and needs newer interventions that are more effective. The objective of this study was to determine functionally-relevant biological networks, to appreciate the potential crosstalk between signaling members, and to identify biomarker signatures in prostate cancer. We used microarray analyses to identify key genes that were upregulated or down regulated at least five-fold in human prostate cancer and constructed canonical interaction networks that are important in prostate cancer through metabolomics analyses. Our prostate cancer network architecture revealed several key biomarkers including ERK1/2, JNK, p38, MEK, PI3 K, NFκB, AP-1, 14-3-3, VEGF, PDGF, Rb, WNT8 A, WNT10 A, CD44, ESR2, FSH and LH. Furthermore, the top ten transcription factors identified by TFBS-association signature analysis in the regulatory elements of co-regulated biomarkers were delineated, which may crosstalk with upstream or downstream genes elicited in our network architecture. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the regulatory interaction networks in prostate cancer provide a universal view of crosstalk between important biomarkers, i.e., key players in the pathogenesis of this disease. This will facilitate more rapid screening of functional biomarkers in early/intermediate drug discovery.

关键词：前列腺癌微阵列生物学网生物标记

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Comparison between empirical prokinetics, Helicobacter test-and-treat and empirical endoscopy in primary-care patients presenting with dyspepsia: A one-year study

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第31期12卷 5010-5016页

作者： Wayne HC Hu SK Lam Cindy LK Lam WM Wong KF Lam KC Lai YH Wong Benjamin CY Wong Annie oo Chan CK Chan Gabriel M Leung WM Hui Department of Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Statistics and Actuarial Science University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China Department of Community Medicine University of Hong Kong Hong Kong China

瞄准：调查最佳的策略在主要照顾对待消化不良的病人。方法：介绍给主要照顾门诊病人诊所的消化不良的病人随机被分到：(1 ) 实验内视镜检查法，(2 ) H pylori test-and-treat，并且(3 ) 实验专业版有 cisapride 的运动治疗。如果病人们... 详细信息

瞄准：调查最佳的策略在主要照顾对待消化不良的病人。方法：介绍给主要照顾门诊病人诊所的消化不良的病人随机被分到：(1 ) 实验内视镜检查法，(2 ) H pylori test-and-treat，并且(3 ) 实验专业版有 cisapride 的运动治疗。如果病人们在 2 wk 以后仍然保持征兆，早内视镜检查法被安排。症状严厉， quality-of-life (SF-36 ) 以及耐心的偏爱和满足被估计。所有病人由 wk 经历了内视镜检查法 6。病人们被跟随在上面为一年。结果：二百和三十四个病人被招募(163 女、吝啬的年龄 49 ) 。46% 是 H pylori 积极。测试的 26% H pylori 和运动病人显示出的 25% 实验专业版在 wk 的没有改进 2 后续和需要的早内视镜检查法。收到实验 cisapride 的 15% 病人对治疗作出回应很好，但是消化性溃疡是最后的诊断。症状分辨率和 quality-of-life 在这些组之中是类似的。为三策略的费用是每病人的 HK 美元 4343，美元 1771 和美元 1750。66% 病人喜欢有早内视镜检查法。结论：三策略是同等地有效的。实验专业版运动治疗是最不昂贵的，但是消化性溃疡可以与这治疗被错过。H pylori test-and-treat 是最划算的选择。

关键词：幽门螺杆菌内窥镜消化不良实验治疗

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Effects of the methanolic seeds extract of Carica Papaya on plasmodium Berghei infected mice

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2009年第3期2卷 1-6页

作者： Amazu LU Ebong oo Azikiwe CCA Unekwe PC Siminialayi MI Nwosu PJC Ezeani MC Obidiya OS Ajugwo AO Department of Pharmacology Madonna UniversityElele CampusEleleNigeria Department of Pharmacology Schoolof Health SciencesUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria Department of Pharmacology School of Health SciencesUniversity of Port HarcourtPort HarcourtNigeria Department of Haematology/Immunology College of Medicine and Health SciencesMadonna UniversityElele CampusEleleNigeria Department of Clinical Pharmacy Faculty of PharmacyNiger Delta UniversityWilberforce IslandAmassomaBayelsa StateNigeria

Objective:The leaves extract of Carica Papaya（C.Papaya）papaya has been shown to possess antimalarial activity, thus this work aims at finding out if the plants antimalarial activity is present in or extended to the seeds.Methods:The seeds of C.papaya were collected from its fruit,air dried for 5 days and ground into fine powder.80.65 g of the powder was then soaked for 48hours in 300 mL of methanol.Filtration was carried out using Whatman No.1 filter paper.The filtrate was evaporated to dryness by a three-day continuous heating on a hot plate of 30℃.The dry extract yield was scraped out of the Petri dish weighed and refrigerated until required. The percentage extract yield was calculated out from the initial powder weight.A preliminary phytochemical study was done by re-dissolving the appropriate amount of the dry extract in distilled water and appropriate test reagent added.The LD50 of the seeds of C.papaya was carried out using arithmetic method.Swiss albino Mice of both sexes and of average weight of 18-25 g were used as animals for antimalarial activity.They were housed in standard animal house,fed on Rats/Mice pellets and had non restricted excess to both feed and water throughout the 60day study period.While the non pregnant female Mice were used as test animals,the male animals were used as malaria parasite donors.Precautions were taken to ensure that all animals in the study groups were free from infection with Eperythrozoon coocoides.The female animals were then divided into three main groups（A-C） of 25 animals per group.Group A was used for malaria suppressive study（early infection -day 0-3） and was further subdivided to 5 subgroups（a-e） of 5animals per group.Group B was used for malaria curative study（established malaria infection-day 3-7） and was further subdivided to 5subgroups（a-e） of 5animals per group.Group C was used for malaria prophylactic study（repository-4days treatment prior to malaria parasite infection） and was also further subdivided into 5subgroups（a-e） of 5animals per group.A

关键词： Plasmodium berghei Plasmodiasis Seeds of Carica papaya Malaria Medicinal plants

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Factors Affecting Sensitivity of Variable Charge Soils to Acid Rain

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Pedosphere 1995年第3期5卷 193-202页

作者： WANG JING-HUA(Institute of Soil Science, Academia Sinica, Nanjing 210oo8 China)

ＦａｃｔｏｒｓＡｆｆｅｃｔｉｎｇＳｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｉｔｙｏｆＶａｒｉａｂｌｅＣｈａｒｇｅＳｏｉｌｓｔｏＡｃｉｄＲａｉｎＷＡＮＧＪＩＮＧ－ＨＵＡ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＳｏｉｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ，ＡｃａｄｅｍｉａＳｉｎｉｃａ... 详细信息

ＦａｃｔｏｒｓＡｆｆｅｃｔｉｎｇＳｅｎｓｉｔｉｖｉｔｙｏｆＶａｒｉａｂｌｅＣｈａｒｇｅＳｏｉｌｓｔｏＡｃｉｄＲａｉｎＷＡＮＧＪＩＮＧ－ＨＵＡ（ＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＳｏｉｌＳｃｉｅｎｃｅ，ＡｃａｄｅｍｉａＳｉｎｉｃａ，Ｎａｎｊｉｎｇ２１０ＯＯ８Ｃｈｉ...

关键词：可变电荷土壤酸雨敏感性酸中和能力耐酸极限

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Diversity of Insect Pest and Predator Species in Monsoon and Summer Rice Fields of Taungoo Environs, Myanmar

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Advances in Entomology 2020年第3期8卷 117-129页

作者： San San oo Khin Myat Hmwe Nyo Nyo Aung Aye Aye Su Khin Khin Soe Tin Lay Mon Khin Mar Lwin may Myat Thu Thin Thin Soe Myat Lwin Htwe Zoology Department University of Yangon Yangon Myanmar Zoology Department Kyaing Tong University Kyaing Tong Myanmar Zoology Department Dagon University Yangon Myanmar

Paddy fields are natural and artificial wetland ecosystems that supply rice for the people and provide the wildlife especially insect diversity of different functional aspects. A total of 71 insect species belonging to 40 families under eight orders were observed during the study period. Among the 71 insect species, 18 species of beetles, nine species of bugs, eight species of dragonfly, five species of butterflies, four species of leafhoppers, plant hoppers and moths, three borer and spiders, two crickets, one species of skippers, grass hopper, hispa, ant, weevil, hairy caterpillar, leaf roller, katydid, thrips, maggot and water boatmen were recorded in the study sites. Total of 41 species of pests, 18 species of predators and 12 species of beneficial species (they function as pollinating the flowering plants in the paddy field wetland ecosystem) were recorded in the study sites. In the monsoon season, the 41 species of pest species, 18 species of predator species and 12 species of beneficial species were recorded from monsoon rice field. According to Shannon Evenness value (H'/S = -0.012564), the data showed that the insect species recorded from the one habitat was not the similar to another. In summer paddy fields, 36 species of pest species, 16 species of predator species and 9 species of beneficial species were recorded. Total arthropod insect species were recorded 61 species from the dry rice fields. According to Shannon Evenness value (H'/S = -0.000120), the data showed that the insect species recorded from the one habitat was not the similar to another. Population growth and duration of life cycle of insects is mainly dominated by the temperature, the duration of life cycle is shorter in the high temperature than in the low temperature.

关键词： Indent Insect Species Diversity Pest and Predators Seasonal Variation Paddy Filed Taungoo

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胃食管癌的评估与管理：NICE指南概要

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英国医学杂志中文版 2018年第7期21卷 408-410页

作者： may oo Khin Nathan Bromham Mark Harrison Hilary Eadon 张月宁(译) National Guideline Alliance Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists London NW1 4RG UK Mount Vernon Cancer Centre Northwood Middlesex HA6 2RN UK 首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院肝病消化中心

在英国，胃食管癌是第四位癌症致死原因。每年有16000例新发病例，其发病率亦呈上升趋势。患者往往经过一系列的复杂检查后接受各种短期、长期疗效不一的治疗，这自始至终都需要不间断的支持和帮助。胃食管癌的根治性治疗一般在专家中... 详细信息

在英国，胃食管癌是第四位癌症致死原因。每年有16000例新发病例，其发病率亦呈上升趋势。患者往往经过一系列的复杂检查后接受各种短期、长期疗效不一的治疗，这自始至终都需要不间断的支持和帮助。胃食管癌的根治性治疗一般在专家中心进行，这里有一系列领域的专家，但患者也需要来自初级医疗机构的建议和支持。仅能接受缓和医疗的患者也将从不同专家的支持中获益，如癌症治疗营养师、缓和医疗专家等。

关键词：摘要管理评价癌症胃

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Formulation and Evaluation of Lipstick with Betacyanin Pigment of <i>Hylocereus polyrhizus</i>(Red Dragon Fruit)

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Journal of Cosmetics, Dermatological Sciences and Applications 2020年第4期10卷 212-224页

作者： Theeoo Lwin Cho Yi Myint Htet Htet Win Wah Wah oo Khit Chit Department of Pharmacology University of Pharmacy-Mandalay Mandalay Myanmar Department of Pharmaceutics University of Pharmacy-Mandalay Mandalay Myanmar Biotechnology Research Department Kyaukse Myanmar Department of Food and Drug Administration Mandalay Myanmar Department of Food and Drug Administration Naypyidaw Myanmar

Lipstick is the most widely used cosmetic product. Although lipstick gives a lot of social, psychological and therapeutic benefits, it may harm the consumers. Because most lipsticks contained high lead level and long term use of high lead level lipstick may harm the consumers. Research findings have suggested that administration of various antioxidants can prevent or subdue various toxic effects of lead and generation of oxidative stress. Hylocereus polyrhizus (Red dragon fruit) is widely available in Myanmar and it contains powerful antioxidant amaranth colorant called betacyanin pigment. It can prevent the oxidative stress caused by low level of lead, thus suitable as natural colorant for lipstick. As a role of pharmacist, this research was intended to minimize the adverse effects of lipsticks by formulating natural lipstick with betacyanin pigment obtained from H. polyrhizus and other natural ingredients. Formulation of lipstick was carried out by heating and blending method with homogenizer at a speed of 12000 rpm. Then, pH, melting point, surface abnormalities, aging stability, perfume stability and antioxidant activity were performed as quality evaluation. Skin irritation test, microbial analysis and lead content determination were carried out as safety evaluation. Formulated lipsticks with betacyanin pigment of H. polyrhizus have acceptable quality. The IC50 of standard ascorbic acid and formulated lipstick were 4.51 μg/ml and 22.23 μg/ml respectively. In quantitative analysis for microbiological control, formulated lipstick had no visible colony and in qualitative analysis, Staphylococcus aureus, E. coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were not detected in 0.5 g of formulated lipsticks. Moreover, lead content of formulated lipstick was only 2.9 ppm that is within allowable limit and it had negligible skin irritancy. Therefore, lipstick with betacyanin pigme

关键词： Lipstick Lead Betacyanin H. polyrhizus Quality Safety Red Dragon Fruit

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