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Potential factors influencing lymphatic filariasis transmission in"hotspot"and"control"areas in Ghana:the importance of vectors

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2019年第1期8卷 45-55页

作者： Sellase Pi-Bansa Joseph Harold Nyarko Osei Kwadwo Kyeremeh Frempong Elizabeth Elhassan Osei Kweku Akuoko David Agyemang Collins Ahorlu maxwell alexander appawu Benjamin Guibehi Koudou Michael David Wilson Dziedzom Komi de Souza Samuel Kweku Dadzie Jurg Utzinger Daniel Adjei Boakye Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute BaselSwitzerland University of Basel BaselSwitzerland Noguchi Memorial Institute for Medical Research College of Health SciencesUniversity of GhanaLegonGhana Department of Animal Biology and Conservation Science University of GhanaLegonGhana SightSavers International Ghana OfficeAccraGhana African Regional Postgraduate Programme in Insect Science University of GhanaLegonGhana Vector Biology Department Liverpool School of Tropical MedicineLiverpoolUK Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d'Ivoire AbidjanCote d'Ivoire

Background:Mass drug administration(MDA)programmes for the control of lymphatic filariasis in Ghana,have been ongoing in some endemic districts for 16 *** current study aimed to assess factors that govern the success of MDA programmes for breaking transmission of lymphatic filariasis in ***:The study was undertaken in two"hotspot"districts(Ahanta West and Kassena Nankana West)and two control districts(Mpohor and Bongo)in *** were collected and identified using morphological and molecular tools.A proportion of the cibarial armatures of each species was *** were performed onAnopheles gambiae for filarial worm detection.A questionnaire was administered to obtain information on MDA compliance and vector control *** were compared between districts to determine factors that might explain persistent transmission of lymphatic ***:High numbers of mosquitoes were sampled in Ahanta West district compared to Mpohor district(F=16.09,P=0.002).There was no significant difference between the numbers of mosquitoes collected in Kassena Nankana West and Bongo districts(F=2.16,P=0.185).Mansonia species were predominant in Ahanta West *** mosquitoes were prevalent in all *** with infected and infective filarial worms was found only in Ahanta West *** differences were found in cibarial teeth numbers and shape for mosquito species in the surveyed *** MDA coverage was high in all *** average use of bednet and indoor residual spraying was 82.4 and 66.2%,*** was high compliance in the five preceding MDA rounds in Ahanta West and Kassena Nankana West districts,both considered hotspots of lymphatic filariasis ***:The study on persistent transmission of lymphatic filariasis in the two areas in Ghana present information that shows the importance of local understanding of factors affecting control and elimination of lymphatic

关键词： Ghana Hotspots Lymphatic filariasis Mass drug administration Microfilariae Systematic non-compliance Vector control

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Machine Learning Chemical Guidelines for Engineering Electronic Structures in Half-Heusler Thermoelectric Materials

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Research 2020年第1期2020卷 978-985页

作者： maxwell TDylla alexander Dunn Shashwat Anand Anubhav Jain G.Jeffrey Snyder Department of Materials Science and Engineering Northwestern UniversityIL 60208USA Department of Materials Science and Engineering UC BerkeleyCA 94720USA Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Energy Technologies AreaCA 94720USA

Half-Heusler materials are strong candidates for thermoelectric applications due to their high weighted mobilities and power factors,which is known to be correlated to valley degeneracy in the electronic band ***,there are over 50 known semiconducting half-Heusler phases,and it is not clear how the chemical composition affects the electronic *** all the n-type electronic structures have their conduction band minimum at either theΓ-or X-point,there is more diversity in the p-type electronic structures,and the valence band maximum can be at either theΓ-,L-,or ***,we use high throughput computation and machine learning to compare the valence bands of known half-Heusler compounds and discover new chemical guidelines for promoting the highly degenerate W-point to the valence band *** do this by constructing an“orbital phase diagram”to cluster the variety of electronic structures expressed by these phases into groups,based on the atomic orbitals that contribute most to their valence ***,with the aid of machine learning,we develop new chemical rules that predict the location of the valence band maximum in each of the *** rules can be used to engineer band structures with band convergence and high valley degeneracy.

关键词： structure valence bands

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Fusion of thermal and RGB images for automated deep learning based crack detection in civil infrastructure

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AI in Civil Engineering 2022年第1期1卷 21-30页

作者： Quincy G.alexander Vedhus Hoskere Yasutaka Narazaki Andrew maxwell Billie F.Spencer Jr US Army Engineer Research and Development Center 3909 Halls Ferry RdVicksburgMS 39180USA Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Houston4726 Calhoun RoadHoustonTX 77204USA Zhejiang University/University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign Institute Room C323Engineering Building718 East Haizhou RoadHaining 314400ZhejiangChina Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering University of Illinois-Urbana Champaign205 N Mathews AveUrbanaIL 61801USA

Research has been continually growing toward the development of image-based structural health monitoring tools that can leverage deep learning models to automate damage detection in civil ***,these tools are typically based on RGB images,which work well under ideal lighting conditions,but often have degrading performance in poor and low-light *** the other hand,thermal images,while lacking in crispness of details,do not show the same degradation of performance in changing lighting *** potential to enhance automated damage detection by fusing RGB and thermal images together within a deep learning network has yet to be *** this paper,RGB and thermal images are fused in a ResNET-based semantic segmentation model for vision-based inspections.A convolutional neural network is then employed to automatically identify damage defects in *** model uses a thermal and RGB encoder to combine the features detected from both spectrums to improve its performance of the model,and a single decoder to predict the *** results suggest that this RGB-thermal fusion network outperforms the RGB-only network in the detection of cracks using the Intersection Over Union(IOU)performance *** RGB-thermal fusion model not only detected damage at a higher performance rate,but it also performed much better in differentiating the types of damage.

关键词： Infrared thermography Structural health monitoring Image fusion Automated crack detection

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Analysis of High-Power Diode Laser Heating Effects on HY-80 Steel for Laser Assisted Friction Stir Welding Applications

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World Journal of Engineering and Technology 2017年第1期5卷 97-112页

作者： maxwell Wiechec Brad Baker Terry McNelley Manyalibo Matthews alexander Rubenchik Mark Rotter Ray Beach Sheldon Wu United States Naval Academy Annapolis MD USA Naval Postgraduate School Monterey CA USA Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory Livermore CA USA

In this research, several conditions of high power diode laser heated HY-80 steel were characterized to determine the viability of using such lasers as a preheating source before friction stir welding in order to reduce frictional forces thereby reducing tool wear and increasing welding speeds. Differences in microstructures within heat affected zones were identified at specific laser powers and traverse speeds. Vickers hardness values were recorded and analyzed to validate the formation of additional martensite in diode laser heated regions of HY-80 steel. Conditions that produced little to no additional martensite were identified and relationships among high power diode laser power, traverse speed, and martensite formation were determined. The development of heat affected zones, change in grain structure, and creation of additional martensite in HY-80 can be prevented through the optimization of laser amperage and transverse speed.

关键词： Mechanical Characterization Martensite Welding Martensitic Transformations

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Ecology, Distribution and Risk of Transmission of Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers by Aedes Mosquitoes around the Port Areas of Tema in Southern Ghana

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Advances in Entomology 2022年第2期10卷 135-148页

作者： Kenechukwu C. Ojukwu Joseph Chabi Kwadwo Frempong Delphina A. Adabie-Gomez Joseph Harold Nyarko Osei Andy Asafu-Adjaye Sellase Pi-Bansa Michelle Adimazoya Kojo Y. Sakyi Kwaku O. Akuoko Ruth Brenyah maxwell A. appawu Samuel Kweku Dadzie African Regional Postgraduate Programme in Insect Science University of Ghana Accra Ghana Parasitology Department Noguchi Memorial Institute of Medical Research University of Ghana Accra Ghana School of Veterinary Medicine University of Ghana Accra Ghana Department of Clinical Microbiology School of Medical Science Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Aedes-borne diseases remain a public health challenge for many countries globally. The extent of spread of invasive species of Aedes mosquitoes and risk of transmission of the diseases especially around the point of entry of goods such as ports is not well known in Ghana. This study investigated the ecology, distribution and risk of transmission of viral haemorrhagic fevers by Aedes mosquitoes around the port areas of Tema, Southern Ghana. The mosquitoes from this study were collected using human landing catches, ovitraps and larval collections for a period of six months. A total of 1092 containers were inspected in both seasons and of these, 237 (21.7%) were positive for mosquito larvae or pupae in rainy season while 181 (16.6%) were positive in dry season. A total of 6498 mosquitoes were collected and identified morphologically using taxonomic keys. 6038 (92.9%) were Aedes aegypti, 337 (5.2%) were Culex spp. and 123 (1.9%) were Anopheles gambiae. The Ae. aegypti larvae were found breeding in a series of water-holding containers which included disposed plastic containers, earthenware pots, car tyres, plastic barrels, plastic basins, buckets, metal drums, jerrycans and poly tank. A high proportion of Aedes aegypti eggs were found in the ovitraps during the rainy season than in the dry season in the study sites. Ae. aegypti was the most common mosquitoes biting mostly outdoors (65.6%) with more bites occurring in the rainy season (63.6%) in the two residential sites (Tema Community One and Tema New Town). The risk of transmission of viral haemorrhagic fever in the study sites was assessed using House Index, Container Index, Breteau Index and was found to be higher in Tema New town area with seasonal variations within the sites. The man-vector contact rates for the two residential sites were also found to be higher in rainy season than the dry season. These observations indicate that the risk of transmission of viral haemorrhagic fevers in the study areas is high espe

关键词： Viral Haemorrhagic Fevers Tema Port Areas Aedes Risk of Transmission

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Climate shapes the spatiotemporal variation in color morph diversity and composition across the distribution range of Chrysomela lapponica leaf beetle

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Insect Science 2022年第3期29卷 942-955页

作者： Mikhail V.Kozlov Zowi Oudendijk Anders Forsman Vojtech Lanta maxwell V.L.Barclay Vladimir I.Gusarov Bert Gustafsson Zheng-Zhong Huang Oksana Y.Kruglova Yuri M.Marusik Yuri E.Mikhailov Marko Mutanen alexander Schneider Lukas Sekerka Maksim E.Sergeev Vitali Zverev Elena L.Zvereva Department of Biology University of TurkuTurkuFinland Department of Animal Ecology and Physiology Radboud UniversityNijmegenThe Netherlands Department of Biology and Environmental Science Linnaeus UniversityKalmarSweden Institute of Botany The Czech Academy of SciencesDukelskaTrebohCzech Republic Department of Life Sciences Natural History MuseumLondonUnited Kingdom Natural History Museum University of OsloOsloNorway Departmant of Zoology Swedish Museum of Natural HistoryStockholmSweden elnsititute of Zoology Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijingChina Faculty of Biology Belarusian State UniversityMinskBelarus Department of Biocenology Institute for Biological Problems of the NorthFar East Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesMagadanRussia Department of Zoology&Entomology University of the Free StateBloemfonteinSouth Africa Department of Ecology&Nature Management Ural State Forest Engineering UniversityYekaterinburgRussia Ecology and Genetics Research Unit University of OuluOuluFinland Department of Terrestrial Zoology Senckenberg Research Institute and Natural History MuseumFrankfurt am MainGermany Department of Entomology National MuseumPrague 9CirkusovaCzech Republic Federal Scientific Center of the East Asia Terrestrial Biodiversity Far East Branch of the Russian Academy of SciencesVladivostokRussia

Color polymorphism offers rich opportunities for studying the eco-evolutionary mechanisms that drive the adaptations of local populations to heterogeneous and changing *** explored the color morph diversity and composition in a Chrysomela lapponica leaf beetle across its entire distribution range to test the hypothesis that environmental and climatic variables shape spatiotemporal variation in the phenotypic structure of a polymorphic *** obtained information on 13617 specimens of this beetle from museums,private collections,and *** specimens(collected from 1830-2020)originated from 959 localities spanning 33°latitude,178°longitude,and 4200 m *** classified the beetles into five color morphs and searched for environmental factors that could explain the variation in the level of polymorphism(quantified by the Shannon diversity index)and in the relative frequencies of individual color *** highest level of polymorphism was found at high latitudes and *** color morphs differed in their climatic requirements;composition of colour morphs was independent of the geographic distance that separated populations but changed with collection year,longitude,mean July temperature and betweenyear temperature *** proportion of melanic beetles,in line with the thermal melanism hypothesis,increased with increasing latitude and altitude and decreased with increasing climate *** morph frequencies also declined during the past century,but only at high latitudes and altitudes where recent climate warming was especially *** observed patterns suggest that color polymorphism is especially advantageous for populations inhabiting unpredictable environments,presumably due to the different climatic requirements of coexisting color morphs.

关键词： adaptive polymorphism color morphs evolutionary dynamics geographic variation phenotypic diversity thermal melanism

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Parallelizable Calculation of Observables Values on Analog Quantum Computer

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第7期12卷 2400-2406页

作者： alexander Soiguine SOiGUINE Quantum Computing Aliso Viejo USA

The superiority of hypothetical quantum computers is not due to faster calculations but due to different schemes of calculations running on special hardware. The core of quantum computing follows the way a state of a quantum system is defined when basic things interact with each other. In conventional approach it is implemented through tensor product of qubits. In the geometric algebra formalism simultaneous availability of all the results for non-measured observables is based on the definition of states as points on three-dimensional sphere.

关键词： Geometric Algebra Wave Functions Entanglement maxwell Equations Three-Dimensional Sphere States Observables Measurements GPU Multithreading OpenCL

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Instantly Propagating States

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2021年第3期9卷 468-475页

作者： alexander Soiguine SOiGUINE Quantum Computing Aliso Viejo USA

The current work considers the sprefield wave functions received as special g-qubit solutions of maxwell equations in the terms of geometric algebra. I will call such g-qubits spreons or sprefields. The purpose of this article is to analyze behavior of such wave functions in scattering and measurements. It is shown that sprefields are defined through the whole three-dimensional space at all values of the time parameter. They instantly change all their values when get scattered, that is subjected to Clifford translation. In “measurements”, when a sprefield acts on a static geometric algebra element through the Hopf fibration, sprefield collapses and new geometric algebra non static, rotating element is thereby created.

关键词： Wave Functions Geometric Algebra Measurements Scattering Entanglement

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Quantum Computingvia Entanglement in Geometric Algebra Approach

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2024年第2期12卷 445-457页

作者： alexander Soiguine SOiGUINE Quantum Computing Aliso Viejo USA

The superiority of hypothetical quantum computers is not due to faster calculations but due to different scheme of calculations running on special hardware. At the same time, one should realize that quantum computers would only provide dramatic speedups for a few specific problems, for example, factoring integers and breaking cryptographic codes in the conventional quantum computing approach. The core of quantum computing follows the way a state of a quantum system is defined when basic things interact with each other. In the conventional approach, it is implemented through the tensor product of qubits. In the suggested geometric algebra formalism simultaneous availability of all the results for non-measured observables is based on the definition of states as points on a three-dimensional sphere, which is very different from the usual Hilbert space scheme.

关键词： Geometric Algebra Wave Functions Entanglement maxwell Equations Three-Dimensional Sphere

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Quantum Computer on Nvidia GPU

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Journal of Applied Mathematics and Physics 2023年第8期11卷 2195-2204页

作者： alexander Soiguine SOiGUINE Quantum Computing Aliso Viejo USA

Geometric Algebra formalism opens the door to developing a theory deeper than conventional quantum mechanics. Generalizations, stemming from implementation of complex numbers as geometrically feasible objects in three dimensions, unambiguous definition of states, observables, measurements, maxwell equations solution in those terms, bring into reality a kind of physical fields spreading through the whole three-dimensional space and values of the time parameter. The fields can be modified instantly in all points of space and time values, thus eliminating the concept of cause and effect, and perceiving of one-directional time. In the suggested theory all measured observable values get available all together, not through looking one by one. In this way quantum computer appeared to be a kind of analog computer keeping and instantly processing information by and on sets of objects possessing an infinite number of degrees of freedom. As practical implementation, the multithread GPUs bearing the CUDA language functionality allow to simultaneously calculate observable measurement values at a number of space/time discrete points only restricted by the GPU threads capacity.

关键词： Geometric Algebra Quantum Mechanics Wave Functions maxwell Equations GPU CUDA

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