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Genome reprogramming for synthetic biology

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Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2017年第1期11卷 37-45页

作者： Kylie Standage-beier Xiao Wang School of Life Sciences Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA School of Biological and Health Systems Engineering Arizona State University Tempe AZ 85287 USA

The ability to go from a digitized DNA sequence to a predictable biological function is central to synthetic biology. Genome engineering tools facilitate rewriting and implementation of engineered DNA sequences. Recent development of new programmable tools to reengineer genomes has spurred myriad advances in synthetic biology. Tools such as clustered regularly interspace short palindromic repeats enable RNA-guided rational redesign of organisms and implementation of synthetic gene systems. New directed evolution methods generate organisms with radically restructured genomes. These restructured organisms have useful new phenotypes for biotechnology, such as bacteriophage resistance and increased genetic stability. Advanced DNA synthesis and assembly methods have also enabled the construction of fully synthetic organisms, such as J. Craig Venter Institute （JCVI）-syn 3.0. Here we summarize the recent advances in programmable genome engineering tools.

关键词： CRISPR genome engineering syntheticbiology rational design

NEUE FUNDE VON RONCUS(PARABLOTHRUS)GHIDINII beier 1942

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Natural Disaster Reduction in China 1971年第1期 3-5页

作者： MAX beier

ERGANZENDE BESCHREIBUNG:Roncus(Parablothrus)ghidinii beier 1942(Fig.1)Integument sehr *** 1/4 F,inger als breit,mit 20Borsten,davon je 4 am Vorder-und Hinterrand,vollstndig augenlosund gnzlich ohne Epistom oder an dessen Stelle nur mit einem klei-nen,schwach sklerotisierten Hekerchen. Beborstung der Abdominal-tergite in der Regel:4-6-6-6-8-8-7-7-8-8-6,die Borsten der Hinteren Seg-

关键词： der NEUE FUNDE VON RONCUS PARABLOTHRUS)GHIDINII beier 1942

Environmental exposure as a risk-modifying factor in liver diseases:Knowns and unknowns

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第12期11卷 3768-3778页

作者： Juliane I.beier Gavin E.Arteel Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyHepatology and NutritionUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213USA Pittsburgh Liver Research Center and University of Pittsburgh PittsburghPA 15213USA Department of Environmental and Occupational Health University of PittsburghPA 15213USA

Liver diseases are considered to predominantly possess an inherited or xenobiotic ***,inheritance drives the ability to appropriately adapt to environmental stressors,and disease is the culmination of a maladaptive *** "pure" genetic and "pure" xenobiotic liver diseases are modified by each other and other factors,identified or *** purpose of this review is to highlight the knowledgebase of environmental exposure as a potential risk modifying agent for the development of liver disease by other *** exercise is not to argue that all liver diseases have an environmental component,but to challenge the assumption that the current state of our knowledge is sufficient in all cases to conclusively dismiss this as a *** review also discusses key new tools and approaches that will likely be critical to address this question in the *** together,identifying the key gaps in our understanding is critical for the field to move forward,or at the very least to "know what we don't know."

关键词： Hepatic injury Exposomics Liver disease Drug-induced liver injury Alcoholic liver disease Non-alcoholic liver disease Inherited liver disease Autoimmune liver disease

Ultraviolet lasing behavior in ZnO optical microcavities

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Journal of Materiomics 2017年第4期3卷 255-266页

作者： Hongxing Dong beier Zhou Jingzhou Li Jingxin Zhan Long Zhang Key Laboratory of Materials for High-Power Laser Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine MechanicsChinese Academy of ScienceShanghai 201800China

Zinc oxide(ZnO)optical microcavity modulated UV lasers have been attracting a wide range of research *** one of the most important materials in developing high quality microcavity and efficient UV evisible optoelectronic devices due to its wide band gap(3.37 eV)and large exciton binding energy(~60 meV).In this review,we summarized the latest development of ZnO optical cavity based microlasers,mainly including Fabry-Perot mode lasers and whispering gallery mode *** synthesis and optical studies of ZnO optical microcavities with different morphologies were discussed in ***,we also consider that the research focus in the near future would include new nanotechnology and physical effects,such as nano/micro fabrication,surface plasmon enhancement,and quantum dot coupling,which may result in new and interesting physical phenomena.

关键词： Ultraviolet lasing Optical microcavity Whispering gallery mode lasing Fabry-Perot mode lasing ZnO

Integrating beneficiaries into assessment of ecosystem services from managed forests at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest,USA

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Forest Ecosystems 2016年第4期3卷 243-257页

作者： Jesse Caputo Colin M.beier Valerie A.Luzadis Peter M.Groffman SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry Department of Forest and Natural Resources Management Syracuse NY 13210 USA Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies Millbrook 12545 NY USA

Background：Forests contribute to human wellbeing through the provision of important ecosystem ***：In this study,we investigated how the perceived importance of ecosystem services may impact the overall benefit provided by managed watersheds at the Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest over a 45-year period,using standardized measures of service capacity weighted by service importance weights derived from a survey of ***：The capacity of watersheds to regulate water flow and quality was high in all watersheds throughout the study period,whereas cultural services such as scenic beauty declined after *** on greenhouse gas regulation depended on the efficiency with which harvested biomass was *** revealed that stakeholders placed high value on all ecosystem services,with regulating and cultural services seen as more important than provisioning *** service metrics were weighted by survey responses and aggregated into a single measure,total service provision followed the same overall trend as greenhouse gas *** biomass use was less efficient in terms of greenhouse gas emissions,harvesting resulted in an overall ＂ecosystem service debt＂;where use was more efficient,this ＂ecosystem service debt＂ was ***＇ educational backgrounds significantly affected overall assessment of service *** with college or university degrees incurred smaller ＂ecosystem service debts＂ and were less negatively affected by harvesting ***：This study highlights the importance of including empirical measures of beneficiary preference when attempting to quantify overall provision of ecosystem services to human beneficiaries over time.

关键词： Ecosystem services Forests Long-term ecological research Hubbard Brook Experimental Forest Regulating services

Environmental toxicant-induced maladaptive mitochondrial changes:A potential unifying mechanism in fatty liver disease?

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2021年第12期11卷 3756-3767页

作者： Regina D.Schnegelberger Anna L.Lang Gavin E.Arteel Juliane I.beier Department of Pharmacology&Chemical Biology University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213USA Department of Neurology University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFL 33136USA Department of Medicine Division of GastroenterologyHepatology&NutritionUniversity of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213USA Pittsburgh Liver Research Center University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213USA Department of Environmental&Occupational Health University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15213USA

Occupational and environmental exposures to industrial chemicals are well known to cause hepatotoxicity and liver ***,despite extensive evidence showing that exposure can lead to disease,current research approaches and regulatory policies fail to address the possibility that subtle changes caused by low level exposure to chemicals may also enhance preexisting *** recent years,the conceptual understanding of the contribution of environmental chemicals to liver disease has progressed *** are often target of toxicity of environmental toxicants resulting in multisystem disorders involving different cells,tissues,and ***,we review persistent maladaptive changes to mitochondria in response to environmental toxicant exposure as a mechanism of *** better understanding of the mechanism(s) and risk factors that mediate the initiation and progression of toxicant-induced liver disease,rational targeted therapy can be developed to better predict risk,as well as to treat or prevent this disease.

关键词： Organochlorines Metals Persistent organic pollutants TASH Liver disease Hepatotoxicity Mitochondrial maladaptation Mitohormesis

Sclerostin activity plays a key role in the negative effect of glucocorticoid signaling on osteoblast function in mice

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Bone Research 2017年第2期5卷 95-108页

作者： Eric E beier Tzong-Jen Sheu Emily A Resseguie Masahiko Takahata Hani A Awad Deborah A Cory-Slechta J Edward Puzas Department of Environmental Medicine University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester NY USA Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine Rutgers University Piscataway NJ USA and Center for Musculoskeletal Research University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry Rochester NY USA

Stress during prenatal development is correlated with detrimental cognitive and behavioral outcomes in offspring. However, the long-term impact of prenatal stress(PS) and disrupted glucocorticoid signaling on bone mass and strength is not understood. In contrast, the detrimental effect of lead(Pb) on skeletal health is well documented. As stress and Pb act on common biological targets via glucocorticoid signaling pathways and co-occur in the environment, this study first sought to assess the combined effect of stress and Pb on bone quality in association with alterations in glucocorticoid signaling. Bone parameters were evaluated using microCT, histomorphometry, and strength determination in 8-month-old male mouse offspring subjected to PS on gestational days 16 and 17, lifetime Pb exposure(100 p.p.m. Pb in drinking water), or to both. Pb reduced trabecular bone mass and, when combined with PS, Pb unmasked an exaggerated decrement in bone mass and tensile strength. Next, to characterize a mechanism of glucocorticoid effect on bone, prednisolone was implanted subcutaneously(controlled-release pellet, 5 mg·kg^(-1) per day) in 5-month-old mice that decreased osteoblastic activity and increased sclerostin and leptin levels. Furthermore, the synthetic glucocorticoid dexamethasone alters the anabolic Wnt signaling pathway. The Wnt pathway inhibitor sclerostin has several glucocorticoid response elements, and dexamethasone administration to osteoblastic cells induces sclerostin expression. Dexamethasone treatment of isolated bone marrow cells decreased bone nodule formation, whereas removal of sclerostin protected against this decrement in ***, these findings suggest that bone loss associated with steroid-induced osteoporosis is a consequence of sclerostin-mediated restriction of Wnt signaling, which may mechanistically facilitate glucocorticoid toxicity in bone.

关键词： Sclerostin prenatal negative

Reduced EGFR signaling enhances cartilage destruction in a mouse osteoarthritis model

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Bone Research 2014年第3期2卷 182-193页

作者： Xianrong Zhang Ji Zhu Fei Liu Yumei Li Abhishek Chandra L Scott Levin Frank beier Motomi Enomoto-Iwamoto Ling Qin Department of Orthopaedic Surgery School of Medicine University of Pennsylvania Philadelphia PA USA Department of Physiology School of Basic Medical Sciences Wuhan University Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Shanghai Ninth People’s Hospital Shanghai Municipal Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Department of Physiology and Pharmacology Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry University of Western Ontario London ONCanada Department of Surgery The Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia

Osteoarthritis （OA） is a degenerative joint disease and a major cause of pain and disability in older adults. We have previously identified epidermal growth factor receptor （EGFR） signaling as an important regulator of cartilage matrix degradation during epiphyseal cartilage development. To study its function in OA progression, we performed surgical destabilization of the medial meniscus （DMM） to induce OA in two mouse models with reduced EGFR activity, one with genetic modification （, was/＋ mice） and the other one with pharmacological inhibition （gefitinib treatment）. Histological analyses and scoring at 3 months post-surgery revealed increased cartilage destruction and accelerated OA progression in both mouse models. TUNEL staining demonstrated that EGFR signaling protects chondrocytes from OA-induced apoptosis, which was further confirmed in primary chondrocyte culture. Immunohistochemistry showed increased aggrecan degradation in these mouse models, which coincides with elevated amounts of ADAMTS5 and matrix metalloproteinase 13 （MMP13）, the principle proteinases responsible for aggrecan degradation, in the articular cartilage after DMM surgery. Furthermore, hypoxia-inducible factor 2α （HIF2α）, a critical catabolic transcription factor stimulating MMP13 expression during OA, was also upregulated in mice with reduced EGFR signaling. Taken together, our findings demonstrate a primarily protective role of EGFR during OA progression by regulating chondrocyte survival and cartilage degradation.

关键词： EGFR Reduced EGFR signaling enhances cartilage destruction in a mouse osteoarthritis model

Integrated System of Solar Cells with Hierarchical NiCo2O4 Battery-Supercapacitor Hybrid Devices for Self-Driving Light-Emitting Diodes

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Nano-Micro Letters 2019年第3期11卷 92-103页

作者： Yuliang Yuan Yangdan Lu beier Jia Haichao Tang Lingxiang Chen YuJia Zeng Yang Hou Qinghua Zhang Qinggang He Lei Jiao Jianxing Leng Zhizhen Ye Jianguo Lu State Key Laboratory of Silicon Materials School of Materials Science and EngineeringZhejiangUniversityHangzhou310027People’s Republic of China Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education College of Biomedical Engineeringand Instrument ScienceZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027People’s Republic of China Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Laser Engineering College of Optoelectronic EngineeringShenzhenUniversityShenzhen518060People’s Republic of China4College of Chemical and Biological EngineeringZhejiang UniversityHangzhou310027People’s Republic of China Ningbo Research Institute Zhejiang UniversityNingbo315100People’s Republic of China Ocean College Zhejiang UniversityZhoushan316021People’s Republic of China

An integrated system has been provided with a-Si/H solar cells as energy conversion device,NiCo2O4 battery-supercapacitor hybrid(BSH)as energy storage device,and light emitting diodes(LEDs)as energy utilization *** designing three-dimensional hierarchical NiCo2O4 arrays as faradic electrode,with capacitive electrode of active carbon(AC),BSHs were assembled with energy density of 16.6 Wh kg-1,power density of 7285 W kg-1,long-term stability with 100% retention after 15,000 cycles,and rather low *** NiCo2O4//AC BSH was charged to 1.6 V in 1 s by solar cells and acted as reliable sources for powering *** integrated system is rational for operation,having an overall efficiency of 8.1% with storage efficiency of 74.24%.The integrated system demonstrates a stable solar power conversion,outstanding energy storage behavior,and reliable light *** study offers a precious strategy to design a self-driven integrated system for highly efficient energy utilization.

关键词： Integrated system NiCo2O4 Battery-supercapacitor hybrid devices Self-driving LED