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To drain or not to drain after distal pancreatectomy: reflexions on the PANDORINA trial

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第4期13卷 675-677页

作者： maxime Constant Alexandre Doussot Department of Digestive and Surgical Oncology Liver Transplantation UnitCHU BesanconBesançonFrance

We read with great interest the PANDORINA study(1).This international multicenter(mostly from the Netherlands)randomized controlled trial aimed at determining whether omitting drainage after distal pancreatectomy(DP)was equivalent in terms of complications to systematic drainage *** primary outcome was the occurrence of severe complications at 90 days defined as Dindo-Clavien grade≥*** main secondary outcome was the occurrence of grade B–C postoperative pancreatic fistula(POPF)at 90 *** both outcomes,the non-inferiority threshold was set at 8%.Randomization was performed intraoperatively,stratified by annual center volume(high volume defined as DP≥40/year)and the risk of POPF according to the distal fistula risk score(D-FRS)combining pancreas thickness(high risk,>19 mm)and main pancreatic duct diameter(high risk,>3 mm)measured both at the isthmus(2).

关键词： Drainage distal pancreatectomy(DP) randomized controlled trial

Comparing trends of crop and pasture in future land-use scenarios for climate change mitigation

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Geography and Sustainability 2024年第3期5卷 470-481页

作者： maxime Malbranque Xiangping Hu Francesco Cherubini Industrial Ecology Program Department of Energy and Process EngineeringNorwegian University of Science and TechnologyN-7491TrondheimNorway

Revegetation of former agricultural land is a key option for climate change mitigation and nature *** and abandonment of agricultural land is typically influenced by trends in diets and agricultural inten-sification,which are two key parameters in the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways(SSPs).Datasets mapping future land dynamics under different SSPs and climate change mitigation targets stem from different scenario assump-tions,land data and modelling *** study aims to determine the role that these three factors play in the estimates of the evolution of cropland and pastureland in future SSPs under different climate scenarios from four main datasets largely used in the climate and land surface *** datasets largely agree with the rep-resentation of cropland at present-day conditions,but the identification of pastureland is ambiguous and shows large discrepancies due to the lack of a unique land-use *** occur with future projections,even for the same SSP and climate *** for CO_(2)sequestration from revegetation of abandoned agri-cultural land and CO_(2)emissions from forest clearance due to agricultural expansion shows a net reduction in vegetation carbon stock for most SSPs considered,except ***,different datasets give differences in estimates,even when representative of the same *** SSP1,the cumulative increase in carbon stock until 2050 is 3.3 GtC for one dataset,and more than double for *** study calls for a common classifica-tion system with improved detection of pastureland to harmonize projections and reduce variability of outcomes in environmental studies.

关键词： Natural forest regrowth Scenarios Agriculture Climate change mitigation

Prognosis of operated hepatocellular carcinoma developed on non-cirrhotic liver

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Hepatobiliary Surgery and Nutrition 2024年第4期13卷 736-738页

作者： Morgan Vandermeulen maxime Dewulf Olivier Detry Department of Visceral Surgery and Transplantation CHU LiegeLiegeBelgium Centre de Recherche et d’Enseignement du Département de Chirurgie(CREDEC) GIGA MetabolismUniversity of LiegeLiegeBelgium Department of Surgery Maastricht University Medical Center(MUMC+)MaastrichtThe Netherlands

The incidence of primary liver cancers,and particularly hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC),is increasing throughout the *** vast majority of HCCs develop on cirrhotic livers(CLs)(CL HCC)or livers chronically infected by hepatotropic viruses,mainly hepatitis B virus(HBV)and hepatitis C virus(HCV)(1).As HCC occurring on non-HBV non-HCV non-CL(NCL)HCC occurs much less frequently,its management is less established than for CL ***,many clinicians might confuse the prognosis and management of NCL HCC with the one of CL *** is however demonstrated that NCL HCCs behave differently than CL *** prognostic factors and sensibility to systemic therapy are different,added to the fact that NCLs can undergo major resections allowing curative surgical management or even systemic therapies that are not even possible in CL HCCs due to the failing function of the *** established criteria for liver transplantation of CL HCCs,including the famous Milan criteria,have no role in NCL HCC management(2-4).The Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer(BCLC)strategy for prognosis prediction and treatment recommendation also concerns only CL HCCs;and should not be used for NCL HCCs(5).

关键词： Cancer surgery transplantation recurrence

An Approach to Detect Structural Development Defects in Object-Oriented Programs

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Open Journal of Applied Sciences 2024年第2期14卷 494-510页

作者： maxime Seraphin Gnagne Mouhamadou Dosso Mamadou Diarra Souleymane Oumtanaga Department of Mathematics and Computer Science University Félix HOUPHOU&#203T-BOIGNY Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire Research and Innovation Unit in Mathematics and Digital Sciences National Polytechnic Institute Félix HOUPHOU&#203T-BOIGNY Yamoussoukro C&#244te d’Ivoire

Structural development defects essentially refer to code structure that violates object-oriented design principles. They make program maintenance challenging and deteriorate software quality over time. Various detection approaches, ranging from traditional heuristic algorithms to machine learning methods, are used to identify these defects. Ensemble learning methods have strengthened the detection of these defects. However, existing approaches do not simultaneously exploit the capabilities of extracting relevant features from pre-trained models and the performance of neural networks for the classification task. Therefore, our goal has been to design a model that combines a pre-trained model to extract relevant features from code excerpts through transfer learning and a bagging method with a base estimator, a dense neural network, for defect classification. To achieve this, we composed multiple samples of the same size with replacements from the imbalanced dataset MLCQ1. For all the samples, we used the CodeT5-small variant to extract features and trained a bagging method with the neural network Roberta Classification Head to classify defects based on these features. We then compared this model to RandomForest, one of the ensemble methods that yields good results. Our experiments showed that the number of base estimators to use for bagging depends on the defect to be detected. Next, we observed that it was not necessary to use a data balancing technique with our model when the imbalance rate was 23%. Finally, for blob detection, RandomForest had a median MCC value of 0.36 compared to 0.12 for our method. However, our method was predominant in Long Method detection with a median MCC value of 0.53 compared to 0.42 for RandomForest. These results suggest that the performance of ensemble methods in detecting structural development defects is dependent on specific defects.

关键词： Object-Oriented Programming Structural Development Defect Detection Software Maintenance Pre-Trained Models Features Extraction Bagging Neural Network

Multitarget Thiol-Activated Tetrapyridyl Gold(Ⅲ)Complexes for Hypoxic Cancer Therapy

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CCS Chemistry 2024年第3期6卷 783-797页

作者： Xue-Quan Zhou Selda Abyar Imma Carbo-Bague Lan Wang Sebastian Türck maxime ASiegler Uttara Basu Ingo Ott Rongfang Liu Adriaan PIJzerman Sylvestre Bonnet Institute of Biopharmaceutical and Health Engineering Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School(SIGS)Tsinghua UniversityShenzhen 518055 Leiden Institute of Chemistry Leiden University2333 CC Leiden Department of Chemistry Simon Fraser UniversityBurnabyBritish Columbia V5A 1S6 Institute of Medicinal and Pharmaceutical Chemistry Technische Universität Braunschweig38106 Braunschweig Department of Chemistry Johns Hopkins UniversityBaltimoreMaryland 21218 Division of Drug Discovery&Safety Leiden Academic Centre for Drug ResearchLeiden University2333 CC Leiden

Gold complexes have emerged as promising anticancer metallodrugs due to their efficient thioredoxin reductase(TrxR)inhibition,which disturbs the redox balance of cancer ***,in this model,the role of the ligand(s)coordinated to gold is often *** this work,we present a series of tetrapyridyl Au(Ⅲ)complexes that exhibit thiol-induced release of a Au(Ⅰ)ion and a tetrapyridyl *** formation of a free Au(Ⅰ)center is responsible for the expected TrxR ***,the released ligand,which was visible in cells due to its intense blue fluorescence,showed excellent binding properties to the hERG potassium ***,these ligands ended up in the lysosomes,resulting in significant lysosome ***,the Au(Ⅲ)complexes presented in this work showed broad-spectrum anticancer properties,both in hypoxic 2D monolayers and 3D tumor *** suggest that the interaction of the released Au(Ⅰ)center and the tetrapyridyl ligand with two different protein targets may combine into prodrugs that overcome hypoxia-induced drug deactivation.

关键词： anticancer Au(Ⅲ)complexes enzyme inhibtion potassium channel affinity lysosome damage cell imaging prodrug

Characterization of Aquifers in Crystalline and Crystallophyll Basement Zones Using the Electrical Resistivity Method (Trails and Electrical Soundings) in the Gagnoa Region, (Central-Western Côte d’Ivoire)

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International Journal of Geosciences 2024年第6期15卷 511-523页

作者： Oscar Zahibo Onétié Assoué Kouakou Sylvestre Kouadio Kotchi Rodrigue Orou maxime Assa Abe Department of Geosciences Peleforo Gon Coulibaly University Korhogo Cte dIvoire Department of Agriculture and New Technologies University of San Pedro San Pedro Cte dIvoire

Introduction: Located in the central-western part of Côte d’Ivoire, the subsoil of the Gagnoa region is made up of sedimentary volcano formations and granitoids with developed fracturing. This complex Precambrian basement contains most of the region’s water resources. This is at the origin of the high failure rate during the various hydrogeological prospecting campaigns. Methodology: The database consists of resistivities from 42 holes and 51 trails drilled as part of the implementation of high-throughput drilling in the study area. The objective of this study is to deepen the knowledge of the fissured basement by interpreting profile curves and electrical soundings. It will be a question of classifying the different types of anomalies obtained on the profiles and their shapes. The orientation of the lineaments observed on the profiles was determined. Results: The interpretation of the geophysical data revealed various anomalies, the main ones being of the CC (Conductor Compartment) and CEDP (Contact between two bearings) types. These types of anomalies are mainly expressed in various forms: the “V”, “W” and “U” shapes. From these anomalies and the appearance of the electrical profiles, lineaments and their orientations were identified with N90-100, N130-140, N170-180 as major orientations. Conclusion: These results could contribute to a better understanding of the fractured environment of the Gagnoa region.

关键词： Basement Electrical Profiles Sounding Curves Resistivities

Indirect Electroanalysis of 3-Methyl-4-Nitrophenol in Water Using Carbon Fiber Microelectrode Modified with Nickel Tetrasulfonated Phthalocyanine Complex

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Materials Sciences and Applications 2024年第2期15卷 25-35页

作者： Yibor Fabrice Roland Bako Serge Foukmeniok Mbokou Boukaré Kaboré Issa Tapsoba maxime Pontié Laboratoire de Chimie Analytique Environnementale et Bio-organique (LCAEBiO) Département de Chimie Université Joseph Ki-Zerbo Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institut des Sciences et de Technologie Ecole Normale Supérieure Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Group of analysis and Processes Analysis (GA&P) Département de Chimie Université d’Angers Angers France Laboratoire de Sciences et Technologies (LaST) Université Thomas SANKARA Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Electrochemical detection of 3-methyl-4-nitrophenol (MNP) in direct phenol oxidation occurs at high potentials and generally leads to progressive passivation of the electrochemical sensor. This study describes the use of a carbon fiber microelectrode modified with a tetrasulfonated nickel phthalocyanine complex for the detection of MNP at a lower potential than that of direct phenol oxidation. The MNP voltammogram showed the presence of an anodic peak at -0.11 V vs SCE, corresponding to the oxidation of the hydroxylamine group generated after the reduction of the nitro group. The effect of buffer pH on the peak current and SWV parameters such as frequency, scan increment, and pulse amplitude were studied and optimized to have better electrochemical response of the proposed sensor. With these optimal parameters, the calibration curve shows that the peak current varied linearly as a function of MNP concentration, leading to a limit of detection (LoD) of 1.1 μg/L. These results show an appreciable sensitivity of the sensor for detecting the MNP at relatively low potentials, making it possible to avoid passivation phenomena.

关键词： 3-Methyl-4-Nitrophenol Carbon Fiber Microelectrode Nickel Tetrasulfonated Phthalocyanine Indirect Electroanalysis Square Wave Voltammetry

Systematic Analysis of Factors Associated with Late Breast Cancer Screening in Women in Sub-Saharan Africa from 2014 to 2020

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2024年第3期14卷 480-492页

作者： Akossito Hermine Tognon Ahmed Kabore Nayi Zongo Nestor Bationo Francis Tognon Tchegnonsi Ludmila Akoyi Abdoul Halim Bague maxime Koine Drabo Department of Public Health University Joseph KI-ZERBO Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Yalgado Ouédraogo University Hospital Center Ouagadougou Burkina Faso Institute of Training in Nursing and Obstetrics Parakou Benin National Center for Scientific and Technological Research (CNRT) Ouagadougou Burkina Faso

Research background: Breast cancer remains a major public health problem, with a high number of new cases and deaths each year. However, despite advances in research to improve this disease, there is a high rate of late detection, leading to diagnosis at an advanced stage and a reduced chance of survival. Objective: The aim of this study is to identify the factors associated with late detection of breast cancer in women in Sub-Saharan Africa from 2014 to ***: This systematic review focuses on sub-Saharan Africa. Methods: We searched for articles in four databases (PubMed, Embase, Global-Health and CINAHL) between 2014 and 2020 and performed a narrative synthesis to organize and group the different factors associated with late breast cancer detection. Result: After reviewing 583 publications, 6 studies were selected, highlighting factors such as lack of awareness, knowledge gaps, difficulties in accessing health services and financial constraints associated with late breast cancer screening. The participants, who ranged in number from 20 to 1776, were mainly aged between 18 and 25, with a mean age of 25 years and 6 months. Conclusion: The analysis enabled us to identify various factors associated with late breast cancer screening. Collaboration between health professionals, community organizations and policy-makers is essential to foster an environment conducive to the prevention and early detection of breast cancer.

关键词： Associated Factors Late Screening Breast Cancer Women Sub-Saharan Africa

Soil Physico-Chemical Properties and Different Altitudes Affect Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Abundance and Colonization in Cacao Plantations of Cameroon

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第2期15卷 57-82页

作者： Franklin Tounkam Ketchiemo Beaulys Fotso Astride Stéphanie Mouafi Djabou Victor Jos Eyamo Evina Japhet Youri Essambita Franck maxime Ewane Tang Nicolas Niemenak Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry Department of Biological Sciences Higher Teacher Training College University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural Sciences Bafia Annex University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Applied Biotechnology Engineering Laboratory Department of Agriculture and Agropastoral Higher Teacher Training College University of Ebolowa Ebolowa Cameroon Plant Physiology Improvement Unit Laboratory of Biotechnology and Environment Department of Plant Biology Faculty of Sciences University of Yaounde I Yaounde Cameroon

This study aims to investigate the abundance of AMF according to soil properties and altitudes in different cacao plantations of Cameroon. Physico-chemical analyses were made on soil samples collected from three agro-ecological zones. Soil samples were also used to evaluate directly the AMF abundance following the various altitudes and after trapping by sorghum plant. The results showed that soil properties, AMF spore abundances and colonization fluctuated significantly at different altitudes. The most represented texture was sandy loam. The bimodal zone presented a homogeneous texture (sandy loam) in all its localities. Cacao soil chemical characteristics showed that, the highest nitrogen rate (0.47%;p 0.05, Scott-Knott test) was recorded at Melong in a monomodal zone while Tonga in the Western highlands displayed the lowest rate (0.13%). Soil P concentration was significantly high in monomodal zones (Mbanga and Melong). Soil pH level indicated that the soil from Tonga in the Western highlands was neutral (pH = 6.67), and soils of other localities under study were acidic with the lowest (4.75) pH level recorded at Melong in a monomodal zone. In soil samples, the highest spore density (1.03 spores/g soil) was observed at Ntui in Bimodal zone, while the lowest spore density (0.26 spores/g soil) was observed at Bafang in the Western highlands. Root colonization showed that the sample from Bokito in a bimodal zone displayed the best frequency of mycorrhization (86.11%) while the sample from Bafang in the Western highlands recorded the lowest (27.11%). The PCA analysis highlighted that available phosphorus, pH and altitude all strongly correlated with AMF root colonization ability and can be used as a predictor of AMF colonization ability in cacao rhizosphere.

关键词： Agroecological Zone Altitude Variations Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi Soil Properties Theobroma cacao