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论量子力学

物理 2024年第2期53卷 99-106页

作者： max Born 曹则贤(译) 中国科学院物理研究所

本文尝试迈出朝向耦合之量子力学的第一步,其可从原子的重要性质(稳定性、跃迁频率的共振,以及对应原理)得到辩护,并自然地从经典规律中生发。此一理论包含克拉默斯的色散公式,并展现出同反常塞曼效应规则的海森堡表述之间的密切关系。

关键词：反常塞曼效应量子力学对应原理海森堡跃迁频率色散公式克拉默共振

A study on wildfire impacts on greenhouse gas emissions and regional air quality in South of Orléans,France

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2024年第1期135卷 521-533页

作者： Chaoyang Xue Gisèle Krysztofiak Yangang Ren Min Cai Patrick Mercier Frédéric Le Fur Corinne Robin Benoit Grosselin Véronique Daele max RMcGillen Yujing Mu Valéry Catoire Abdelwahid Mellouki Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie de l’Environnement et de l’Espace(LPC2E) CNRS–UniversitéOrléans–CNES(UMR 7328)Orléans Cedex 245071France Institut de Combustion AérothermiqueRéactivitéEnvironnement(ICARE)CNRSOrléans Cedex 245071France Research Centre for Eco-Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100085China Lig’Air-Association de surveillance de la qualitéde l’air en région Centre-Val de Loire Saint-Cyr-en-Val 45590France Mohammed V University RabatMorocco

Wildfire events are increasing globally which may be partly associated with climate change,resulting in significant adverse impacts on local,regional air quality and global *** September 2020,a small wildfire(burned area:36.3 ha)event occurred in Souesmes(Loiret-Cher,Sologne,France),and its plume spread out over 200 km on the following day as observed by the MODIS *** on measurements at a suburban site(~50 km northwest of the fire location)in Orléans and backward trajectory analysis,young wildfire plumes were *** increases in gaseous pollutants(CO,CH_(4),N_(2)O,VOCs,etc.)and particles(including black carbon)were found within the wildfire plumes,leading to a reduced air *** factors,defined as EF(X)=ΔX/ΔCO(where,X represents the target species),of various trace gases and black carbon within the young wildfire plumes were determined accordingly and compared with previous *** in the ambient ions(such as ammonium,sulfate,nitrate,chloride,and nitrite in the particle-and gasphase)and aerosol properties(e.g.,aerosol water content,aerosol p H)were also quantified and ***,we estimated the total carbon and climate-related species(e.g.,CO_(2),CH_(4),N_(2)O,and BC)emissions and compared them with fire emission *** biomass burning emission inventories have uncertainties in estimating small fire burned areas and *** instance,we found that the Global Fire Assimilation System(GFAS)may underestimate emissions(e.g.,CO)of this small wildfire while other inventories(GFED and FINN)showed significant *** that it is the first time to record wildfire plumes in this region,related atmospheric implications are presented and discussed.

关键词： Wildfire Air quality Emission factor Emission inventory VOLTAIRE supersite

Enhancing the clinical relevance of haemorrhage prediction models in trauma

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Military Medical Research 2024年第3期11卷 467-468页

作者： Sankalp Tandle Jared M.Wohlgemut max E.R.Marsden Erhan Pisirir Evangelia Kyrimi Rebecca S.Stoner William Marsh Zane B.Perkins Nigel R.M.Tai Centre for Trauma Sciences Blizard InstituteQueen Mary University of LondonLondon E12ATUK The Royal London Hospital Barts Health NHS TrustLondon E11FRUK Academic Department of Military Surgery and Trauma Research and Clinical InnovationThe Royal Centre for Defence MedicineBirmingham B152WBUK Department of Electronic Engineering and Computer Science Queen Mary University of LondonLondon E14NSUK

We read with interest the recent systematic reviewaArtificial intelligence and machine learning for hemorrhagic trauma careoby Peng et al.[1],which evaluated literature on machine learning(ML)in the management of trau... 详细信息

关键词： Trauma Injury Blood transfusion Massive transfusion Prediction Artificial intelligence Machine learning

A randomized controlled trial of Promoting Physical Activity in Regional and Remote Cancer Survivors(PPARCS)

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第1期13卷 81-89页

作者： Sarah J.Hardcastle Chloe maxwell-Smith Vinicius Cavalheri Terry Boyle Marta Leyton Román Cameron Platell Michael Levitt Christobel Saunders Frank Sardelic Sophie Nightingale Jacob McCormick Craig Lynch Paul A.Cohen max Bulsara Dana Hince Sport and Physical Activity Research Centre Sheffield Hallam UniversitySheffieldS102BPUK Institute for Health Research The University of Notre DameFremantleWA 6959Australia Curtin School of Population Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Curtin School of Allied Health Curtin UniversityPerthWA 6845Australia Allied Health South Metropolitan Health ServiceMurdochWA 6150Australia Australian Centre for Precision Health University of South AustraliaAdelaideSA 5001Australia Department of Didactics of Musical Plastic and Body ExpressionUniversity of ExtremaduraCaceres 10071Spain St.John of God Subiaco Hospital PerthWA 6008Australia Department of Surgery University of MelbourneMelbourneVIC 3010Australia Tamara Private Hospital TamworthNSW 2340Australia Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre MelbourneVIC 3000Australia College of Health and Medicine Australian National UniversityCanberraACT 2600Australia Division of Obstetrics and Gynaecology Medical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWA 6009Australia

Background:Physical activity(PA)is important for cancer *** of remotely delivered interventions are needed to assist in reaching under-served non-metropolitan cancer *** objective of this study was to ascertain whether wearable technology,coupled with health coaching was effective in increasing PA in breast and colorectal cancer survivors living in regional and remote areas in ***:Cancer survivors from 5 states were randomized to intervention and control *** participants were given a Fitbit Charge 2TMand received up to 6 telephone health coaching *** participants received PA print *** assessments at baseline and 12 weeks measured moderate-to-vigorous PA(MVPA),light PA,and sedentary ***:Eighty-seven participants were recruited(age=63±11 years;74(85%)female).There was a significant net improvement in MVPA of 49.8 min/week,favoring the intervention group(95%confidence interval(95%CI):13.6-86.1,p=0.007).There was also a net increase in MVPA bouts of 39.5 min/week(95%CI:11.9-67.1,p=0.005),favoring the intervention *** groups improved light PA and sedentary behavior,but there were no between-group ***:This’s the first study to demonstrate that,when compared to standard practice(i.e.,PA education),a wearable technology intervention coupled with distance-based health coaching,improves MVPA in non-metropolitan cancer *** results display promise for the use of scalable interventions using smart wearable technology in conjunction with phone-based health coaching to foster increased PA in geographically disadvantaged cancer survivors.

关键词： Behavior change Exercise Health disparities Oncology Wearable technology

Generative pretrained transformer 4:an innovative approach to facilitate value-based healthcare

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Intelligent Medicine 2024年第1期4卷 10-15页

作者： Han Lyu Zhixiang Wang Jia Li Jing Sun Xinghao Wang Pengling Ren Linkun Cai Zhenchang Wang max Wintermark Department of Radiology Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship HospitalBeijing 100050China Department of Medical Imaging Capital Medical University Affiliated Beijing Friendship HospitalBeijing 100050China School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering Beihang UniversityBeijing 100191China Department of Neuroradiology University of Texas MD Anderson CenterHoustonTX 77030USA

Objective Appropriate medical imaging is important for value-based *** aim to evaluate the performance of generative pretrained transformer 4(GPT-4),an innovative natural language processing model,providing appropriate medical imaging automatically in different clinical *** Institutional Review Boards(IRB)approval was not required due to the use of nonidentifiable ***,we used 112 questions from the American College of Radiology(ACR)Radiology-TEACHES Program as prompts,which is an open-sourced question and answer program to guide appropriate medical *** included 69 free-text case vignettes and 43 simplified *** the performance evaluation of GPT-4 and GPT-3.5,we considered the recommendations of ACR guidelines as the gold standard,and then three radiologists analyzed the consistency of the responses from the GPT models with those of the *** set a five-score criterion for the evaluation of the consistency.A paired t-test was applied to assess the statistical significance of the *** For the performance of the GPT models in free-text case vignettes,the accuracy of GPT-4 was 92.9%,whereas the accuracy of GPT-3.5 was just 78.3%.GPT-4 can provide more appropriate suggestions to reduce the overutilization of medical imaging than GPT-3.5(t=3.429,P=0.001).For the performance of the GPT models in simplified scenarios,the accuracy of GPT-4 and GPT-3.5 was 66.5%and 60.0%,*** differences were not statistically significant(t=1.858,P=0.070).GPT-4 was characterized by longer reaction times(27.1 s in average)and extensive responses(137.1 words on average)than *** As an advanced tool for improving value-based healthcare in clinics,GPT-4 may guide appropriate medical imaging accurately and efficiently。

关键词： Generative pretrained transformer 4 model Natural language processing Medical imaging Appropriateness

Efficient Vision Transformers for Autonomous Off-Road Perception Systems

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Journal of Computer and Communications 2024年第9期12卷 188-207页

作者： max H. Faykus III Adam Pickeral Ethan Marquez Melissa C. Smith Jon C. Calhoun Holcombe Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Clemson University Clemson SC USA

The development of autonomous vehicles has become one of the greatest research endeavors in recent years. These vehicles rely on many complex systems working in tandem to make decisions. For practical use and safety reasons, these systems must not only be accurate, but also quickly detect changes in the surrounding environment. In autonomous vehicle research, the environment perception system is one of the key components of development. Environment perception systems allow the vehicle to understand its surroundings. This is done by using cameras, light detection and ranging (LiDAR), with other sensor systems and modalities. Deep learning computer vision algorithms have been shown to be the strongest tool for translating camera data into accurate and safe traversability decisions regarding the environment surrounding a vehicle. In order for a vehicle to safely traverse an area in real time, these computer vision algorithms must be accurate and have low latency. While much research has studied autonomous driving for traversing well-structured urban environments, limited research exists evaluating perception system improvements in off-road settings. This research aims to investigate the adaptability of several existing deep-learning architectures for semantic segmentation in off-road environments. Previous studies of two Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) architectures are included for comparison with new evaluation of Vision Transformer (ViT) architectures for semantic segmentation. Our results demonstrate viability of ViT architectures for off-road perception systems, having a strong segmentation accuracy, lower inference speed and memory footprint compared to previous results with CNN architectures.

关键词： Semantic Segmentation Off-Road Vision Transformers CNNs Autonomous Driving

以字筑城:柏林城市品牌视觉形象构建与传播中的字体应用初探

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艺海 2024年第6期 66-70页

作者：苏丰李丹 max Harvey 湖南师范大学

自1990年联邦德国与民主德国重新统一至今,柏林市前后启动“be Berlin”及“We are one Berlin”两项旨在重塑其开放、多元、包容的大首都城市精神的品牌形象推广活动,并推出与之相匹配的两套城市视觉识别系统设计。其中,两款定制字体“... 详细信息

自1990年联邦德国与民主德国重新统一至今,柏林市前后启动“be Berlin”及“We are one Berlin”两项旨在重塑其开放、多元、包容的大首都城市精神的品牌形象推广活动,并推出与之相匹配的两套城市视觉识别系统设计。其中,两款定制字体“be Berlin”与“Berlin Type”伴随着活动的推进,渗透到柏林城市生活的各个层面,形成一道由字体构筑的独特城市风景线并甚而成为新柏林独特城市文化特质与底蕴的重要表征,在城市文化的流转过程中发挥着极其重要的作用。作为现代城市品牌视觉形象构建与推广的先行者,柏林所取得的成果与经验无疑能够为我国城市建设提供宝贵的参考。

关键词：城市品牌形象城市视觉识别系统字体设计

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马斯克点OpenAl争端升级

商业周刊（中文版） 2024年第4期 6-7页

作者： max Chafkin 易语(译) 不详

●为了一项双方都警言会危及人类生存的技术,一位炒作大师起诉了另一位炒作大师夸大其词是快速增长的技术公司惯用的手段。这倒不是说他们谎话连篇;只是在他们想要筹集大笔资金时,这样的表述有助于他们将其事业描绘成一幅印象主义图景... 详细信息

●为了一项双方都警言会危及人类生存的技术,一位炒作大师起诉了另一位炒作大师夸大其词是快速增长的技术公司惯用的手段。这倒不是说他们谎话连篇;只是在他们想要筹集大笔资金时,这样的表述有助于他们将其事业描绘成一幅印象主义图景而非写实主义画像。谷歌的几位创始人在他们做出来的东西连斯坦福大学(Stanford University)最成功搜索引擎都还谈不上的时候就日经在大谈特谈要整合“全世界信息”了;爱彼迎(Airbnb)的创始人们曾经扬言,度假屋出租会通过某种未知的魔力化解仇恨;WeWork则将一家相当传统的房地产初创公司逐步打造成了一个伪精神生活方式品牌。

关键词：初创公司精神生活方式搜索引擎斯坦福大学印象主义炒作

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文化与金融化互动的四种路径

国外理论动态 2024年第4期 164-171页

作者：马克斯·海文张浩加拿大湖首大学英语系浙江省人民政府外事办公室

在新自由主义的全球化世界中,文化与金融正在实质性地相互改变对方,并越来越难以截然分开。文章概述了研究文化与金融化之间关系的四种路径。第一种路径是金融文化,研究金融机构的制度规范、价值体系、情感模式等。第二种路径是金融化... 详细信息

在新自由主义的全球化世界中,文化与金融正在实质性地相互改变对方,并越来越难以截然分开。文章概述了研究文化与金融化之间关系的四种路径。第一种路径是金融文化,研究金融机构的制度规范、价值体系、情感模式等。第二种路径是金融化的文化,讨论金融文化对非金融领域的影响。第三种路径是文化生产的金融化,考察文化生产与金融化之间的相互影响。第四种路径是金融化的文化生产,分析文化产品如何表征金融化。在上述每一种路径中,金融化都被视为文化生产的深刻塑造者。无论由此产生的文化文本的内容是否明确或有意提及金融化,从金融化的角度解读文化产品已成为一种公认的、富有成效的方法论。

关键词：文化金融化文化生产晚期资本主义