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B细胞的分化

国外医学情报 1981年第6期 94-95页

作者： max d cooper 林嘉友贺贤民美国亚拉巴马大学肿瘤学院细胞生物机构主任及教授。

已知前体干细胞是在胚胎肝被诱导开始B细胞的分化。在发育后期骨髓承担了生成B细胞克隆的功能,并将细胞输送到全身其他组织。前B细胞是B细胞系发育过程中最早被识别的细胞,前B细胞在有些方面显著不同于B细胞的子代细胞。在妊娠第八周的... 详细信息

已知前体干细胞是在胚胎肝被诱导开始B细胞的分化。在发育后期骨髓承担了生成B细胞克隆的功能,并将细胞输送到全身其他组织。前B细胞是B细胞系发育过程中最早被识别的细胞,前B细胞在有些方面显著不同于B细胞的子代细胞。在妊娠第八周的胎儿肝脏中出现前B细胞,其特点是:分裂快;大的淋巴样细胞;胞浆中含有IgM重链;没有表面Ig以及C3和Ig的Fc段受体。大的前B细胞进一步发展为小的前B细胞,除大小不同外,两者很相似,后者是开始出现表面IgM的不成熟B细胞的直接前体。发生克隆多样性所需的大多数基因决定在前B细胞的分化阶段表达出来。由于前B细

关键词：细胞分化淋巴肿瘤淋巴细胞肿瘤

Factorizations that Involve Ramanujan＇s Function k（q） = r（q）r2（q2）

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Acta Mathematica Sinica,English Series 2011年第12期27卷 2301-2308页

作者： Shaun cooper Michael d. HIRSCHHORN Institute of Information and Mathematical Sciences Massey University-Albany Private Bag 102904North Shore Mail Centre Auckland New Zealand School of Mathematics and Statistics UNSW Sydney NSW 2（}52 Australia

In the ＂lost notebook＂, Ramanujan recorded infinite product expansions for where r -= r（q） is the Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction. We shall give analogues of these results that involve Ramanujan＇s function k ... 详细信息

关键词： Infinite product Rogers-Ramanujan continued fraction Jacobi triple product identity

The human application of gene therapy to re-program T-cell specificity using chimeric antigen receptors

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Chinese Journal of Cancer 2014年第9期33卷 421-433页

作者： Alan d Guerrero Judy S Moyes Laurence JN cooper division of Pediatrics The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center The University of Texas Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences

The adoptive transfer of T cells is a promising approach to treat cancers. Primary human T cells can be modified using viral and non-viral vectors to promote the specific targeting of cancer cells via the introduction of exogenous T-cell receptors(TCRs) or chimeric antigen receptors(CARs). This gene transfer displays the potential to increase the specificity and potency of the anticancer response while decreasing the systemic adverse effects that arise from conventional treatments that target both cancerous and healthy cells. This review highlights the generation of clinical-grade T cells expressing CARs for immunotherapy, the use of these cells to target B-cell malignancies and, particularly, the first clinical trials deploying the Sleeping Beauty gene transfer system, which engineers T cells to target Cd19+ leukemia and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma.

关键词： T细胞受体基因治疗异性重新编程抗原嵌合基因转移系统非病毒载体

Post electrical or lightning injury syndrome: a proposal for an American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic and Statistical Manual formulation with implications for treatment

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Neural Regeneration Research 2017年第9期12卷 1405-1412页

作者： Christopher J.Andrews Andrew d.Reisner Mary Ann cooper Medicine The University of Queensland Lightning and Electrical Injuries Mt Ommaney Family Practice Forensic diagnostic Center of district Nine Lightning Injury Research Program University of Illinois at Chicago African Centres for Lightning and Electromagnetics Network

In the past, victims of electrical and lightning injuries have been assessed in a manner lacking a system- atic formulation, and against ad hoc criteria, particularly in the area of neuropsychological disability. In this manner patients have, for example, only been partially treated, been poorly or incorrectly diagnosed, and have been denied the full benefit of compensation for their injuries. This paper contains a proposal for diagnostic criteria particularly for the neuropsychological aspects of the post injury syndrome. It pays attention to widely published consistent descriptions of the syndrome, and a new cluster analysis of post electrical injury patients. It formulates a proposal which could be incorporated into future editions of the American Psychiatric Association＇s diagnostic and Statistical Manual （dSM）. The major neuropsycholog- ical consequences include neurocognitive dysfunction, and memory subgroup dysfunction, with ongoing consequences, and sometimes including progressive or delayed psychiatric, cognitive, and/or neurological symptoms. The proposed diagnostic criteria insist on a demonstrated context for the injury, both specifying the shock circumstance, and also physical consequences. It allows for a certain delay in onset of symptoms. It recognizes exclusory conditions. The outcome is a proposal for a dSM classification for the post electrical or lightning injury syndrome. This proposal is considered important for grounding patient treatment, and for further treatment trials. Options for treatment in electrical or lightning injury are summarised, and future trials are foreshadowed.

关键词： electrical injury lightning injury neuropsychology neuropsychiatry injury American Psychiatric Association's diagnostic and Statistical Manual

Hematologic and biochemical reference intervals for specific pathogen free 6-week-old Hampshire-Yorkshire crossbred pigs

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2014年第3期5卷 286-290页

作者： Caitlin A cooper Luis E Moraes James d Murray Sean d Owens department of Animal Science University of California department of Population Health and Reproduction University of California department of Pathology Microbiology and ImmunologySchool of Veterinary MedicineUniversity of California One Shields AvenueDavisCA 95616USA

Background： Hematologic and biochemical reference intervals depend on many factors, including age. A review of the literature highlights the lack of reference intervals for 6-wk-old specific pathogen free （SPF） Hampshire-Yorkshire crossbred pigs. For translational research, 6-wk-old pigs represent an important animal model for both human juvenile colitis and diabetes mellitus type 2 given the similarities between the porcine and human gastrointestinal maturation process. The aim of this study was to determine reference intervals for hematological and biochemical parameters in healthy 6-wk-old crossbred pigs. Blood samples were collected from 66 clinically healthy Hampshire-Yorkshire pigs. The pigs were 6 wks old, represented both sexes, and were housed in a SPF facility. Automated hematological and biochemical analysis were performed using an AdVIA 120 Hematology System and a Cobas 6000 C501 Clinical Chemistry Analyzer. Results： Reference intervals were calculated using both parametric and nonparametric methods. The mean, median, minimum, and maximum values were calculated. Conclusion： As pigs are used more frequently as medical models of human disease, having reference intervals for commonly measured hematological and biochemical parameters in 6-wk-old pigs will be useful. The reference intervals calculated in this study will aid in the diagnosis and monitoring of both naturally occurring and experimentally induced disease. In comparison to published reference intervals for older non SPF pigs, notable differences in leukocyte populations, and in levels of sodium, potassium, glucose, protein, and alkaline phosphatase were observed.

关键词： Biochemical analytes Hematology Pigs Reference interval SPF

The epididymis, cytoplasmic droplets and male fertility

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Asian Journal of Andrology 2011年第1期13卷 130-138页

作者： Trevor G cooper Centre of Reproductive Medicine and Andrology University of MOnster MOnster D-48149 Germany

The potential of spermatozoa to become motile during post-testicular maturation, and the relationship between the cytoplasmic droplet and fertilizing capacity are reviewed. Post-testicular maturation of spermatozoa involves the autonomous induction of motility, which can occur in vivo in testes with occluded excurrent ducts and in vitro in testicular explants, and artefactual changes in morphology that appear to occur in the testis in vitro. Both modifications may reflect time-dependent oxidation of disulphide bonds of head and tail proteins. Regulatory volume decrease （RVd）, which counters sperm swelling at ejaculation, is discussed in relation to loss of cytoplasmic droplets and consequences for fertility. It is postulated that：（i） fertile males possess spermatozoa with sufficient osmolytes to drive RVd at ejaculation, permitting the droplet to round up and pinch off without membrane rupture; and （ii） infertile males possess spermatozoa with insufficient osmolytes so that RVd is inadequate, the droplet swells and the resulting flagellar angulation prevents droplet loss. droplet retention at ejaculation is a harbinger of infertility caused by failure of the spermatozoon to negotiate the uterotubal junction or mucous and reach the egg. In this hypothesis, the epididymis regulates fertility indirectly by the extent of osmolyte provision to spermatozoa, which influences RVd and therefore droplet loss. Man is an exception, because ejaculated human spermatozoa retain their droplets. This may reflect their short midpiece, approximating head length, permitting a swollen droplet to extend along the entire midpiece; this not only obviates droplet migration and flagellar angulation but also hampers droplet loss.

关键词： epididymis fertility infertility sperm maturation

CREEP dEFORMATION OF INTERMETALLIC ALLOYS

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Acta Metallurgica Sinica(English Letters) 1995年第Z1期8卷 431-440页

作者： Gerhard Sauthoff(max-Planck-Institut fur Eisenforschung GmbH., d-40074 dusseldorf,Germany) max-Planck-Institut fur Eisenforschung GmbH Dusseldorf Germany

Intermetallics for structural applications at high temperatures must show a sufficient high temperature strength which is controlled by creep processes. In the first section the creep behaviour of single-phase intermetallic alloys is overviewed with respect to stress and temperature dependence and effects of composition and microstructure. It is shown in particular that creep deformation is controlled by diffusion. The second section refers to multiphase intermetallic alloys, and both particulate and non-particulate alloys are regarded. data are presented for single-phase and multiphase alloys based on B2 phases and lesscommon phases and the consequences of diffusion control for alloy design are discussed.

关键词： creep B2 phases NiAl particulate alloys,multiphase alloys

Plant Phenomics:Emerging Transdisciplinary Science

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Plant Phenomics 2019年第1期1卷 39-41页

作者： Seishi Ninomiya Frédéric Baret Zong-Ming(max)Cheng University of Tokyo TokyoJapan French National Institute of Agricultural Research ParisFrance Nanjing Agricultural University NanjingChina University of Tennessee TNUSA

Humankind is facing an unprecedented challenge to produce enough food for the coming decades because of population growth and increase in the average demand per capita,changes in climate conditions,and limitations in arable land area,as well as pressure on the water and *** main avenues should be concurrently taken to increase crop productivity:improving genetics to get more efficient and resilient crops and developing optimal crop management *** description and understanding of crop functioning will therefore be instrumental both for genetic improvement and crop *** will help to associate functional traits with the genome which will accelerate genetic progress by having more efficient techniques to design ideotypes adapted to particular pedoclimatic and crop management conditions and create them from the available genetic diversity.

关键词： crops Plant adapted

Natural parasites in conjunction with behavioral and color traits explain male agonistic behaviors in a lizard

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Current Zoology 2024年第1期70卷 59-69页

作者： Rodrigo Megia-Palma dhanashree Paranjpe Robert d.cooper Pauline Blaimont Barry Sinervo department of Biomedicine and Biotechnology Parasitology UnitUniversidad de Alcala(UAH)E-28805Alcala de HenaresSpain CIBio Centro de Investigagao em Biodiversidade e Recursos GeneticosInBIO Laboratorio AssociadoCampus de VairaoUniversidade do PortoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal BIOPOLIS Program in Genomics Biodiversity and Land PlanningCIBIOCampus de VairaoP-4485-661 VairaoPortugal Rupa Rahul Bajaj Center for Environment and Art Empress Botanical GardensKavade MalaPuneIndia department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaLos AngelesCA 90095USA department of Biology University of Houston Downtown1Main St.HoustonTX 77002USA department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology University of CaliforniaSanta CruzCA 95064USA

Male competition conforms to a cost-benefit model,because while aggression may increase reproductive prospects,it can also increase the risk of *** hypothesize that an additional cost in aggressive males would be an increase in parasite load associated with a high energy investment into sexual *** of these infections,in turn,may downmodulate the level of host aggression via energetic *** staged dyadic male contests in the lab to investigate the relationships of multiple parasites with the agonistic behavior of lizard hosts,Sceloporus *** also included both color and behavioral traits from opponents in the analyses because(1)color patches of lizards may serve as intraspecific signals used by conspecifics to assess the quality of opponents,and(2)contests between male lizards fit classical models of escalated aggression,where lizards increase aggression displays in response to an opponent's *** results conform to our hypothesis because male lizards displayed more pushups when they had more ***,some parasites may modulate the levels of aggression because lizards infected by hematic coccidians performed fewer ***,lizards also displayed fewer pushups when both the chroma and size of the opponent's blue patch were *** results thus also supported the role of the blue patch of *** as a sexual armament,because it contributed to the deterrence of aggression from opponent *** revealed that natural parasitic infections in lizard hosts can contribute to their agonistic *** encourage future studies to account for parasites in behavioral testswithlizards.

关键词： Ixodes pacificus Lankesterella sexual selection social interactions ticks