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Farmers’ Knowledge and Perceptions of the Effects of Climate Variability and Pollution on Crop Production and Their Varying Adaptation Strategies in The Gambia

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American Journal of Climate Change 2024年第3期13卷 543-566页

作者： Pierre Anthony Mendy mawa kone Ado Baba Ahmed Sidat Yaffa Alpha Kargbo Afua Amponsah Amankwah Kossi-Messan Jacques Agboka Blessing Chinomso Okorie Assan Sowe Echene Jatta Department of Physical and Natural Sciences School of Arts & Sciences University of The Gambia Banjul The Gambia West African Science Service Centre on Climate Change and Adapted Land Use (WASCAL) Department of Biosciences Universit Flix Houphout-Boigny Abidjan Cte dIvoire School of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences University of The Gambia Banjul The Gambia School of Education University of The Gambia Banjul The Gambia Department of Sociology and Social Work College of Humanities and Social Sciences Kwame Nkrumah University of Science and Technology Kumasi Ghana

Crop and livestock production is critical to food security in The Gambia. Over the years, the country has experienced a reduced yield due to perceived climate change events with limited studies on how climate change and pollution affect crop production. This study assesses farmers’ knowledge and perceptions of the effects of climate variability and pollution on crop production and their varying adaptation strategies in The Gambia. Both quantitative and qualitative methods were used in this study. The sample size for quantitative data collection was calculated as 432 while the qualitative data involves both the focus group discussions and key informant interviews. The focus group discussions comprised two districts in each of the six agricultural regions and two farming communities engaged in crop production were chosen from each district. Furthermore, eight key informant interviews from relevant institutions were conducted. The study shows that The Gambia is highly vulnerable to extreme climatic events. Although most farmers opined that agricultural land contamination emanates from farm runoff and indiscriminate waste dumping, they had little knowledge of heavy metal pollution and bioremediation. The results showed that farmers experienced constraints such as inadequate access to credit, water, and irrigation facilities, insufficient access to efficient inputs, salt intrusion, etc. which threatened food security. The study concludes that crop farmers acknowledged the existence and impacts of climate change, and therefore recommend the availability and affordability of climate change resilient crops and promote variability awareness campaigns to address climate change impacts in The Gambia.

关键词： Climate Change Extreme Weather Vulnerability Risks Hazards Adaptation Strategies

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Numerical investigation of electric field distortion induced by internal defects in composite insulators

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High Voltage 2017年第4期2卷 253-260页

作者： Gbah kone Christophe Volat Hassan Ezzaidi Modeling and Diagnostic of Power Network Equipment Laboratory University of Quebec at Chicoutimi555 Bd.de l'UniversitéQCCanada G7H 2B1

This paper presents an exhaustive study of numerical investigations based on three-dimensional finite-element method modelling of several non-ceramic insulators of 69,110 and 230 kV having different internal semi-conductive defects in terms of size and *** internal defects were positioned close to the high-voltage electrode,the ground electrode and at floating *** simulations effected on the distortion of the axial and radial E-field components close to the insulator shank between *** results obtained showed that the radial E-field component is more sensitive to the presence of an internal defect as it shows a greater distortion in presence of the *** was also observed that the E-field component distortion increases with longer internal defect and that this increase is particularly important for a defect at floating ***,it was demonstrated that the length of the insulator,for a defect of constant length,has no significant influence on the E-field component ***,the results demonstrated that the presence of a grading ring,as used on the 230 kV insulator,does not have any influence on the E-field component distortion,independently of the defect position.

关键词： distortion insulator defect

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A review on experimental techniques and their applications in the effects of mineral content on geomechanical properties of reservoir shale rock

Rock Mechanics Bulletin

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Rock Mechanics Bulletin 2024年第2期3卷 21-38页

作者： Romulus mawa Tuzingila Lingyun Kong Ruben Koy Kasongo Key Laboratory of Theory and Technology of Petroleum Exploration and Development in Hubei Province China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Key Laboratory of Tectonics and Petroleum Resources(Ministry of Education) China University of GeosciencesWuhan 430074China Department of Petroleum Engineering College of Earth ResourcesChina University of GeosciencesWuhanChina Faculty of Oil Gas and Renewable EnergyDepartment of Exploration and ProductionUniversity of KinshasaDemocratic Republic of the Congo Faculty of Science Department of GeosciencesUniversity of KinshasaDemocratic Republic of the Congo

Understanding the effects of mineral composition on geomechanical characteristics is critical in order to design and optimize the hydraulic fracturing necessary for shale gas reservoir *** information is still missing in effects of mineral content and the experimental methodologies *** paper provided an in-depth assessment of the various experimental methodologies and their applications in the relationship between the mineralogical and geomechanical features of the shale *** results revealed that more brittle minerals increase their strength,but chemical reaction that creats pores decrease their *** content of carbonate or quartz increases a rock's brittleness,while a high content of clay increases a rock's plasticity and decreases its *** phyllosilicate content increases,the uniaxial compressive strength decreases,and this could be because phyllosilicate minerals have a weakening effect on the mineral ***'s modulus often climb as clay minerals decline and as silica with carbonate concentration rises,however Poisson's ratio increases in relation to an increase in clay minerals,which also increases the ductility of the reservoir shale ***,compared to minerals and matrix,does not significantly impact the strength of shale ***,the benefits and drawbacks of using uniaxial and triaxial compression,ultrasonic testing,and nano-indentation techniques in unconventional reservoirs were *** findings suggest that,because of the possibility for experimental testing repeatability for increased accuracy,ultrasonic testing is the most appropriate experimental approach in the scenes of assessing static and dynamic geomechanical properties of reservoir shale *** suggested that numerically-based simulation of experimental techniques used for shale geomechanical evaluations and numer-ical modeling of heterogeneous shale rock samples will be necessary in light of the limitations faced in the a

关键词： Reservoir shale rock Geomechanical properties Mineral content

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Contribution to thermochemical studies of 0.8[xB_2O_3-(1-x)SiO_2]-0.2Na_2O glasses

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Chinese Chemical Letters 2009年第2期20卷 245-249页

作者： A.P.Ahoussou J.Rogez A.Yapi V.Mikalean A.kone Laboratoire de Chimie-Physique UFR-SSMTUniversité de Cocody22 BP 582 Abidjan 22Cte d'IvoireFrance Institut des Matériaux de Microélectroniquede Nanoscience de Provence(IM2NP)UMR 6242CNRSUniversité Paul CézanneMarseilleFaculté des Sciences et Techniques de St Jérome13397 Marseille Cedex 20France

Calorimetric measurements in 0.8[xB2O3-（1 - x）SiO2]-0.2Na2O glasses and melts are performed in I-IF calorimetry at 298 K and lead borate calorimetry at 973 K, respectively. Mixing enthalpy is affected by both temperature and composition. At 298 K, the mixing enthalpies are slightly negative and components are miscible at that temperature in the whole composition range. At 973 K, the sign of the mixing enthalpies reflect the tendency to phase separation at silica-rich compositions, which is avoided for kinetic reasons as shown by SEM results. Therefore, one is tempted to consider the quenched 0.8[xB2O3-（1 - x）SiO2-0.20Na2O] glasses and melts as single-phase materials.

关键词： Borosilicate HF calorimetry Lead borate calorimetry Mixing enthalpy

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Community knowledge,attitudes and practices related to schistosomiasis and associated healthcare-seeking behaviours in northern Côte d’Ivoire and southern Mauritania

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2018年第1期7卷 691-703页

作者： Amoin Jeanne d’Arc Koffi Mohamed Doumbia Gilbert Fokou Moussa Keita Brama kone N’doumy Noel Abe Department of Research and Development Centre Suisse de Recherches Scientifiques en Cote d’IvoireAbidjanCote d’Ivoire Environment and Communication Training Unit University Alassane OuattaraBouakeCote d’Ivoire Ethno-Sociology Institute University Felix Houphouet-BoignyAbidjanCote d’Ivoire Faculty of Letters and Social Sciences University of NouakchottNouakchottMauritania University Peleforo-Gbon-Coulibaly KorhogoCote d’Ivoire

Background:Among parasitic infections,schistosomiasis ranks second after malaria in terms of worldwide *** efforts to contain transmission,more than 230 million people are infected,of which 85%live in Sub-Saharan *** the epidemiologic characteristics of schistosomiasis have been extensively studied across endemic settings,social factors have been paid less *** current study assesses community knowledge of schistosomiasis causes,transmission,signs,symptoms and prevention,as well as healthcare-seeking behaviours in two West African settings,with the aim of strengthening schistosomiasis control ***:From August 2014 to June 2015,we conducted two cross-sectional surveys in Korhogo,Cote d’Ivoire and Kaedi,*** applied a questionnaire to collect quantitative data at the household level in Korhogo(n=1456)and Kaedi(n=1453).Focus group discussions(Korhogo:n=32,Kaedi:n=32)and participatory photography(photovoice)(Korhogo:n=16,Kaedi:n=16)were conducted within the communities to gather qualitative *** addition,semi-structured interviews were used to discuss with key informants from control programmes,nongovernmental organizations and health districts(Korhogo:n=8,Kaedi:n=7).Results:The study demonstrated that schistosomiasis is not well known by the communities;64.1%claimed to know the causes of the disease,but the reality is *** knowledge is more from cultural than biomedical *** was observed that social construction of the disease is different from the biomedical *** Korhogo,schistosomiasis was often associated with several other diseases,notably stomach ulcer and *** populations believe that schistosomiasis is caused by exposure to goat or dog urine in the *** Kaedi,schistosomiasis is considered as a disease transmitted by environmenal elements such as sunshine and dirty *** both settings,the care-seeking pathways were found to be strongly influenced by local c

关键词： Community knowledge Healthcare-seeking behaviour Schistosomiasis Korhogo Kaedi Côte d’Ivoire Mauritania

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Dynamic-Distributed Load Balancing for Highly-Performance and Responsiveness Distributed-GIS (D-GIS)

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2011年第2期3卷 128-139页

作者： Aissatou Diasse Foroski kone 不详

In recent years, several results have been introduced to enhance distributed GIS performance. While much more efforts have focused on tile map and simple symbologies on dynamic map, load balancing GIS servers have not been addressed by the GIS community so far. This paper, therefore, proposed dynamic distributed load balancing for D-GIS in order to quickly render information to client interface by involving a set of GIS servers which process clients’ requests depending of an algorithm. In the model, several concepts were introduced and defined: Virtual Server within physical machine which constitutes a setup environment for a single GIS server, Load Hash Table which contains information about virtual server’s capacity, real-time load and other mandatory elements, Request Split Table which splits requests depending of the input area’s Quantity of Information and stores request tasks composition for later reconstitution. At last we have Distributed Failover Callback Function Table level one (respectively level two) which determines whether or not the request had been successfully processed by the chosen virtual server (respectively physical machine). This table allows sending back the same request to another virtual server (respectively physical node). Two load handlers (primary and secondary) are defined in case of failure. Our Model achieves efficient load balancing by: providing efficient node selection;optimizing request routing;managing node failover;involving client’s request partitioning and introducing method type decomposition. A simulation of the algorithm shows a low response time when performing GIS operations.

关键词： Load Balancing Distributed-GIS Performance Responsiveness

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Assessment of Soil Contamination and Human Health Risk around an Industrial Gold Mine in Côte d’Ivoire: The Case of Arsenic

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Open Journal of Soil Science 2023年第7期13卷 329-339页

作者： Kagbagnan kone Adjoumani Rodrigue Kouakou Département de Géographie UFR Sciences Sociales Université Péléforo Gon Coulibaly Korhogo C&#244te d’Ivoire Laboratoire de Thermodynamique et de Physico-chimie du Milieu UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées Université Nangui Abrogoua Abidjan C&#244te d’Ivoire

The Tongon mine generates millions of tons of waste rock and tailings, which are stored in landfills in the vicinity of the mine. These tailings contain arsenic. The risk of soil contamination in this area is evident. This study assesses the arsenic contamination of soils around the mine and the health risks to the local population. Soil samples were taken from plastic bags and other materials used as working tools. Arsenic concentrations were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy, after the soil samples had been concentrated and digested. Metal contamination indices were used to assess the degree of soil contamination. The results obtained indicate that soils in the industrial zone of the Tongon gold mine have very high average concentrations, well above the world average for uncontaminated soils of 6 mg/kg arsenic. Geoaccumulation index values range from 1.28 to 3.40. These values highlight severe arsenic soil contamination. The human health risk assessment revealed that exposure risks are well above the critical limit of 1 and are, in descending order, children > adult women > adult men. These results indicate an ecological risk, requiring environmental monitoring, underpinned by the development of an effective remediation strategy to reduce local pollution and contamination.

关键词： Industrial Mine Tongon Pollution Arsenic Soil

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Diabetes Mellitus and COVID-19 at the Bouake University Hospital Center (Côte d’Ivoire)

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第4期13卷 564-573页

作者： kone Djakaridja kone Famoussa Kadiane-Oussou Juliette Yapo Martine Tatiana kone Salifou Karidioula Jean Marie Kra Ouffoue Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases University Teaching Hospital of Bouaké Bouaké Ivory Coast Department of Internal Medicine University Teaching Hospital of Bouaké Bouaké Ivory Coast

Context: COVID-19 is a global public health problem and diabetes mellitus is a poor prognostic factor for the disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological, clinical and evolutionary characteristics of COVID-19 in diabetic patients in Bouaké. Patients and Methods: This was a retrospective study carried out from January 2021 to December 2022. We included patients with diabetes known before COVID-19 infection and having a positive COVID-19 RT-PCR. Data were analyzed with Epi info7 software. Results: Among 1122 infected patients, 71 patients (6.3%) were diabetic, the sex ratio was 1.3 and the mean age was 58.7 years. Type 2 diabetes (97.2%) was predominant and the average seniority was 3.1 years. Arterial hypertension (46.5%) was the main comorbidity. The main clinical signs were cough (69%), dyspnea (43.7%) and fever (23.9%). Oxygen saturation was Conclusion: Diabetes mellitus remains one of the most important comorbidities of severe Covid-19. The death rate of diabetics was high. Hence the need to vaccinate people living with diabetes.

关键词： Diabetes Mellitus COVID-19 Vaccination Bouaké Ivory Coast

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从桑海帝国兴衰的视角探讨海上丝绸之路

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华东师范大学学报（自然科学版） 2020年第S1期 24-26,43页

作者： kone Ibrahim 吉林大学公共外交学院长春130012

本文主要讨论在15至16世纪时期西非桑海帝国前后的葡萄牙人在非洲所拥有的市场机会,具体阐述桑海帝国与葡萄牙的贸易是如何扰乱其贸易格局,从而影响其权力资源分配的.由于受到剥削,穿越撒哈拉沙漠的贸易被遗弃,取而代之的是桑海帝国与... 详细信息

本文主要讨论在15至16世纪时期西非桑海帝国前后的葡萄牙人在非洲所拥有的市场机会,具体阐述桑海帝国与葡萄牙的贸易是如何扰乱其贸易格局,从而影响其权力资源分配的.由于受到剥削,穿越撒哈拉沙漠的贸易被遗弃,取而代之的是桑海帝国与葡萄牙人的海上贸易,尽管帝国的主要城市位于萨赫勒地区.为了更详细地解释桑海帝国的灭亡,本文提出了以下问题:为什么贸易格局的变化会导致桑海帝国的衰落?对该问题进行研究的重要意义在于解释了西非局面的不稳定实际上是由于恐怖主义和社会紧张局势导致的.一些早期被认为是该地区经济中心的地区如今已被弃用,如廷巴克图(Timbuktu)、加奥(Gao)等.如果穿越撒哈拉的贸易路线可以效仿在葡萄牙人到达前的15世纪时期的桑海帝国得以重新开放,海上丝绸之路便有可能成为一个帮助稳定萨赫勒地区的机会.贸易格局的变化虽然富有成效,但却也造成了之前权力资源分配的不均衡. 15世纪与葡萄牙的贸易与之前的贸易(穿越撒哈拉的贸易)相辅相成,最终导致了桑海帝国的溃败.西非的大多数国家都是由于权力资源分配不均而陷入动荡局面中.如果海上丝绸之路能够重新开启跨撒哈拉贸易,它就有可能成为一个重要的贸易体系.

关键词：桑海帝国权力资源海上丝绸之路跨撒哈拉贸易

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Climate Change and Dynamics of the ITCZ on the Hydro-Climatic Regime of the Northern Ecosystems of the Gulf of Guinea: A Case of the Grand-Lahou Lagoon System

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Atmospheric and Climate Sciences 2022年第4期12卷 635-647页

作者： Kanakounou Jean-Marie kone Vamara kone Kouassi Aimé Yao Kouassi Paul Anoh Centre de Recherches Océanologiques Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire Institut de Géographie Tropicale Université Félix Houphou&#235 t Boigny Abidjan C&#244 te d’Ivoire

Atmospheric dynamics and climatology in West Africa are strongly dominated by the latitudinal migration of the ITCZ which imposes directly or indirectly determinism on coastal ecosystems. Thus, the Grand-Lahou lagoon system and its watershed are influenced by the ITCZ, whose seasonal study made it possible to understand its mode of action first on climatic factors, then hydroclimatic, and finally hydrological in the context of global changes. The study of these factors showed a differentiated impact of its migration on the hydrological regime defining a new configuration of the lagoon system and beyond;the coastal ecosystems of the northern coast of the Gulf of Guinea irrigated by numerous fluvial inputs. Salinity, a hydrological parameter of critical ecosystem importance, combined with transparency and depth, has enabled the spatio-temporal description of hydrology. To do this, a series of monthly measurements (in-situ) for spatial coverage of 25 stations was tested. Long before that, the climatic and hydroclimatic parameters were obtained respectively at SODEXAM, the meteorological site *** and ONADE. This study brought together the dynamics of the ITCZ and the hydrological system of the lagoon.

关键词： Climate Change Dynamics of the ITCZ Hydro-Climatic Regime Grand-Lahou Lagoon System Coastal Ecosystems

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