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Postgraduate education among family and community physicians in Brazil:the Trajetórias MFC project

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Family Medicine and Community Health 2020年第3期8卷 1-10页

作者： Leonardo Ferreira Fontenelle Stephani Vogt Rossi Miguel Henrique Moraes de oliveira Diego Josébrandão Thiago Dias Sarti Medical School Universidade Vila VelhaVila VelhaBrazil Commission of Medical Residency Universidade Vila VelhaVila VelhaBrazil Department of Social Medicine Universidade Federal do Espirito SantoVitoriaBrazil

objective our objective was to describe the postgraduate education trajectories of family and community physicians in Brazil,where neither primary healthcare nor family and community medicine is recognised as a knowledge area for the purpose of research and postgraduate education(master’s and PhD degrees).Design An observational,exploratory study,using administrative data.A nationwide list of family and community physicians as of late November 2018 was compiled from multiple *** on the mode of specialisation was obtained from the same sources and were correlated with data on master’s and PhD degrees,obtained from the curricula vitae on the Lattes *** This study was set in *** 6238 family and community physicians(58.3%female),of whom 2795 had earned a specialist certificate(identified from the list of physicians certified by Sociedade Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade)and 3957 had completed medical residency(identified from SisCNRM,the national information system for medical residency).Results A master’s degree was held by 747(12.0%)family and community physicians,and a PhD by 170(2.7%);most degrees were in collective health(47.0%and 42%,respectively).Men were more likely than women to hold a master’s degree(adjusted odds ratio(aoR)1.24,95%uncertainty interval(UI)1.07-1.45)and even more likely to a hold PhD(aoR 1.86,95%UI 1.35-2.59).Family and community physicians were also less likely to hold a PhD degree if their master’s degree was professional(oriented towards jobs outside academia)instead of academic(aoR 0.15,95%UI 0.05-0.39)or in some area other than collective health or medicine(aoR 0.41,95%UI 0.21-0.78,compared with a master’s degree in collective health).The postgraduate degree was more likely to precede specialisation for family and community physicians specialising through certification(master’s degree 39.9%,PhD 33%)than through medical residency(master’s degree 9.1%,PhD 6%).Conclusion Family and community

关键词： MFC collective education

Light Electrospun Polyvinylpyrrolidone Blanket for Low Frequencies Sound Absorption

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Chinese Journal of Polymer Science 2018年第12期36卷 1368-1374页

作者： Joshua Avossa Francesco brand Francesco Marulo Giuseppe Petrone Stefano Guido Giovanna Tomaiuolo Aniello Costantini Dipartimento di Ingegneria Chimica dei Materiali e della Produzione lndustriale (DICMaPI) Universitgt degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy Dipartimento di lngegneria Industriale (DII) Universita degli Studi di Napoli Federico II Napoli Italy

Light polymeric soundproofing materials （density = 63 kg/m3） of interest for the transportation industry were fabricated through electrospinning. Blankets of electrospun polyvinylpyrrolidone （average fiber diameter = （1.6 ± 0.5） or （2.8 ± 0.5） μm） were obtained by stacking disks of electrospun mats. The sound absorption coefficients were measured using the impedance tube instrument based on ASTM E1050 and ISo 10534-2. For a given set of disks （from a minimum of 6） the sound absorption coefficient changed with the frequency （in the range 200-1600 Hz） following a bell shape curve with a maximum （where the coefficient is greater than 0.9） that shifts to lower frequencies at higher piled disks number and greater fiber diameter. This work showed that electrospinning produced sound absorbers with reduced thickness （2-3 cm） and excellent sound-absorption properties in the low and medium frequency range.

关键词： Electrospinning Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) Sound absorption Impedance tube

Effect of a 10-Week Stretching Program of the Triceps Surae Muscle Architecture and Tendon Mechanical Properties

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Journal of Science in Sport and Exercise 2021年第2期3卷 107-114页

作者： Carolina C.Peixinho Gabriel A.Silva Maria Clara A.brandão Luciano L.Menegaldo Liliam F.de oliveira Biomedical Engineering Program Federal University of Rio de JaneiroBloco Hsala 327Av.Horácio Macedo 2030Rio de JaneiroRJBrazil School of Physical Education and Sports Federal University of Rio de JaneiroRio de JaneiroRJBrazil

Purpose The present study aimed to test if a long-term passive stretching training causes adaptations of the medial gastroc-nemius architecture and the Achilles tendon (AT) tangent *** A total of 20 males took part in the *** stretching group (n =12),performed stretching exercises for the plantar flexors for 10 weeks,4-5 times a week,which comprised two static positions sustained twice each during 30 *** For the stretching group,maximum dorsiflexion angle,peak passive torque,and muscle-tendon unit maximum length significantly increased after *** other differences were found related to muscle architecture and AT tangent *** Joint amplitude gain after a long-term stretching of the triceps surae was not accompanied by structural or mechanical changes of the medial gastrocnemius and AT tendon,and seems to reflect an increasing stretch tolerance level.

关键词： Stretching Muscle architecture Achilles tendon Triceps surae Tangent modulus

Theory of superfluidity and drag force in the one-dimensional Bose gas

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Frontiers of physics 2012年第1期7卷 54-71页

作者： Alexander Yu. Cherny (1) Jean-Sébastien Caux (2) Joachim brand (3) 1. Bogoliubov Laboratory of Theoretical Physics Joint Institute for Nuclear Research 141980 Dubna Moscow region Russia2. Institute for Theoretical Physics Science Park 904 University of Amsterdam 1090 GL Amsterdam The Netherlands3. Centre for Theoretical Chemistry and Physics and New Zealand Institute for Advanced Study Massey University Private Bag 102904 North Shore Auckland 0745 New Zealand

The one-dimensional Bose gas is an unusual superfluid. In contrast to higher spatial dimensions, the existence of non-classical rotational inertia is not directly linked to the dissipationless motion of infinitesimal impurities. Recently, experimental tests with ultracold atoms have begun and quanti- tative predictions for the drag force experienced by moving obstacles have become available. This topical review discusses the drag force obtained from linear response theory in relation to Lan- dau＇s criterion of superfluidity. Based upon improved analytical and numerical understanding of the dynamical structure factor, results for different obstacle potentials are obtained, including single impurities, optical lattices and random potentials generated from speckle patterns. The dynamical breakdown of superfluidity in random potentials is discussed in relation to Anderson localization and the predicted superfluid-insulator transition in these systems.

关键词： Lieb-Liniger model Tonks-Girardeau gas Luttinger liquid drag force superfluidity,dynamical structure factor

Adolescents' personal beliefs about sufficient physical activity are more closely related to sleep and psychological functioning than self-reported physical activity: A prospective study

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Journal of Sport and Health Science 2019年第3期8卷 280-288页

作者： Christin Lang Serge brand Flora Colledge Sebastian Ludyga Uwe Pühse Markus Gerber School of Psychology Flinders University Department of Sport Exercise and Health University of Basel Psychiatric Clinics (UPK) Center for Affective Stress and Sleep Disorders (ZASS) University of Basel

Background: Preliminary evidence among adults suggests that the ways in which individuals think about their physical activity(PA) behavior is more closely associated with their well-being than self-reported PA. This study therefore aimed to examine whether and how self-reported PA and personal beliefs about suffbcient PA are associated with sleep and psychological functioning in a sample of Swiss adolescents, using both cross-sectional and prospective ***: An overall sample of 864 vocational students(368 girls, 17.98± 1.36 years, mean ± SD) was followed prospectively over a 10-month period. At each measurement occasion, participants filled in a series of self-report questiocnaires to assess their PA levels, their personal beliefs about whether or not they engage in sufficient PA, sleep(insomnia symptoms, sleep quality, sleep-onset latency, and number of awakenings),and psychological functioning(depressive symptoms, quality of life, perceived stress, and mental toughness).Results: Adolescents who believe that they are sufficiently physically active to maintain good health reported more restoring sleep. No differen?ces in sleep were found between adolescents who meet PA recommendationsvs. those who do not. Additionally, adolescents who believe that they were sufficiently physically active also reported better psychological functioning. This close relationship between adolescents5 beliefs about their PA involvement and their sleep and psychological functioning was corroborated in the prospective ***: Cognitive factors should be studied more intensively when elucidating the relationship among PA, sleep, and psychological functioning in young people, particularly when aiming to develop new exercise interventions targeting psychological outcomes.

关键词： Adolescents Beliefs Mental health Physical activity Psychological well-being Public health recommendations Sleep

Benchmarks for Pirá2.0,a Reading Comprehension Dataset about the ocean,the Brazilian Coast,and Climate Change

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Data Intelligence 2024年第1期6卷 29-63页

作者： Paulo Pirozelli Marcos M.José Igor Silveira Flávio Nakasato Sarajane M.Peres Anarosa A.F.brandão Anna H.R.Costa Fabio G.Cozman Universidade de São Paulo Ringgold Standard Institution-Instituto de Estudos Avançados Av.370 São Paulo 05508-900Brazil Universidade de São Paulo Ringgold Standard Institution-Instituto de Matemática e Estatística Av.370 São Paulo 05508-900Brazil Universidade de São Paulo Rua Cayowaá876 apto 141SÃO PAULO 05018-001Brazil Universidade de São Paulo Ringgold Standard Institution Escola Politécnica Av.370São Paulo 05508-900Brazil.

Piráis a reading comprehension dataset focused on the ocean,the Brazilian coast,and climate change,built from a collection of scientific abstracts and reports on these *** dataset represents a versatile language resource,particularly useful for testing the ability of current machine learning models to acquire expert scientific *** its potential,a detailed set of baselines has not yet been developed for Pirá.By creating these baselines,researchers can more easily utilize Piráas a resource for testing machine learning models across a wide range of question answering *** this paper,we define six benchmarks over the Pirádataset,covering closed generative question answering,machine reading comprehension,information retrieval,open question answering,answer triggering,and multiple choice question *** part of this effort,we have also produced a curated version of the original dataset,where we fixed a number of grammar issues,repetitions,and other ***,the dataset has been extended in several new directions,so as to face the aforementioned benchmarks:translation of supporting texts from English into Portuguese,classification labels for answerability,automatic paraphrases of questions and answers,and multiple choice *** results described in this paper provide several points of reference for researchers interested in exploring the challenges provided by the Pirádataset.

关键词： Natural language processing Question answering Benchmarks Language resource Domainoriented dataset Scientific knowledge text dataset

Economic overview of a two-agent process for underground coal gasification with Fischer-Tropsch- based poly-generation

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Clean Energy 2019年第1期3卷 34-46页

作者： Johan F.brand Johan C.van Dyk Frans B.Waanders African Carbon Energy PO Box 450Standerton 2430South Africa Centre of Excellence in Carbon-based Fuels North-West UniversityPotchefstroom 2520South Africa African Carbon Energy PO Box 254SasolburgSouth Africa

Underground Coal Gasification(UCG)is a mining-gasification process that produces synthesis gas from in situ coal by injecting air(or oxygen and steam)and extracting the produced gas via *** resulting synthesis gas(‘syngas’)produced by UCG can be used directly as a fuel-gas or deep-cleaned to produce many other products like chemicals,liquid fuels,hydrogen and synthetic natural *** has significant environmental,safety and practical advantages over conventional coal mining and utilization,foremost being cost and emissions *** South Africa,facilities of an industrial-scale Fischer-Tropsch(FT)have been operating for decades on coal-to-liquid and gas-to-liquid ***-blown UCG produces syngas,which contains a mixture of carbon monoxide(Co)and hydrogen,and these molecules can be conditioned to serve as feed for synthetic-crude-oil(‘syncrude’)conversion technologies based on the FT *** Carbon Energy(Pty)Ltd.(Africary)completed a study integrating its UCG technology with mini gas-to-liquids *** from Africary’s Theunissen Underground Coal Gasification(TUCG)project will be used for power production and synthesis of liquid fuels in a unique poly-generation *** TUCG process will consist of two parallel gasifiers,operated on different agents,making the component parts of UCG and coal-to-(any product)(CtX)tightly linked and interdependent,but reducing both cost and ***-CtX offers a lower capital investment to conventional underground mining and surface gasification due to the removal of the surface gasifier and coal-mine *** gas clean-up systems will remove undesirable components from each gasifier and blend the cleaned syngas for H2:Co ratio control and provide implementation of carbon capture and *** study has minimized the complexity and optimized the process flow to provide own-use electricity and about 4000 barrels/day equivalent fuels at a capital cost estimate(2017)of

关键词： underground coal gasification Fischer-Tropsch coal to liquids gas to liquids CCS UCG FT LNG CtX economic study South Africa

Interleukin 28B-related polymorphisms: A pathway for understanding hepatitis C virus infection?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第42期19卷 7399-7404页

作者： Raquel Francine Liermann Garcia Simone Moreira Ana Lucia de Araújo Ramos Leslie Ecker Ferreira Angelo Alves de Mattos Cristiane Valle Tovo Lysandro Alsina Nader Juliene Antonio Ramos Edson Rondinelli Arnaldo de Jesus Dominici Christian Evangelista Garcia mauro de Souza Leite Pinho Carlos Eduardo brando-Mello Cristiane Alves Villela-Nogueira Paulo Henrique Condeixa de Frana Departamento de Medicina Universidade da Regio de Joinville/UnivilleJoinville89219-719 Santa CatarinaBrazil Departamento de Clinica Médica e Cirurgia Geral Hospital Municipal So José Joinville89202-000 Santa CatarinaBrazil Departamento de Clínica Médica Servio de HepatologiaFaculdade de Medicina/Hospital Universitário Clementino Fraga Filho/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro21941-913 Rio de JaneiroBrazil Servio de Gastroenterologia e Hepatologia Irmandade da Santa Casa de Misericórdia/ISCMPAPorto Alegre90020-090 Rio Grande do SulBrazil Servio de Endoscopia Universidade Federal de Pelotas/UFPelPelotas96010-610 Rio Grande do SulBrazil Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho/UFRJ 21941-902 Rio de JaneiroBrazil Departamento de Gastroenterologia Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranh o/UFMASo Luis65020-560 MaranhoBrazil Servio de Gastroenterologia Hospital Universitário Gaffrée Guinle/HUGG/UNIRIO20270-004 Rio de JaneiroBrazil

AIM:To analyze the role of rs12979860 and rs8099917polymorphisms in hepatitis C virus(HCV)genotype 1infection of ***:A total of 145 adult patients diagnosed with genotype 1 chronic hepatitis C(CHC)who had completed a 48-wk regimen of pegylated-interferonα-2a or-2b plus ribavirin combination therapy were recruited from six large urban healthcare centers and199 healthy blood donors(controls)from a single site between January 2010 and January *** on the patients’response to treatment was *** chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism genotyping of the interleukin(IL)28B gene fragment encompassing the single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs)rs12979860(C/T)and rs8099917(T/G)was carried out for 79 of the CHC patients and 199 of the ***-directional amplicon sequencing of the two SNPs was carried out for the remaining 66 CHC ***:SNP rs12979860 genotyping was successful in 99.5%of the controls and 97.2%of the CHC patients,whereas the SNP rs8099917 genotyping was successful in 95.5%of the controls and 100%of the CHC *** genotype and allele distributions for both rs12979860 and rs8099917 were significantly different between the control and CHC patient groups,with significantly higher genotype frequencies of CC and TT in the controls(P=0.037 and 0.046,respectively)and of TT and GG in the CHC patients(P=0.0009and 0.0001,respectively).Analysis of the CHC patients who achieved sustained virological response(SVR)to treatment(n=55)indicated that the rs12979860 C allele and CC genotype were predictors of SVR(P=0.02).No significant correlation was found between rs8099917 genotypes and treatment response,but carriers of the T allele showed significantly higher rates of SVR(P=0.02).Linkage disequilibrium analysis of the group that achieved SVR showed a significant association between rs12979860 and rs8099917(P=0.07).CoNCLUSIoN:The higher allele frequency of rs12979860 C and rs8099917 T observed in non-HCVinfec

关键词： Hepatitis C Interleukin 28B Single nucleotide polymorphisms Sustained virological response Brazil

In vitro effects of polyphenols on colorectal cancer cells

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal oncology 2014年第8期6卷 289-300页

作者： Barbara Pampaloni Gaia Palmini Carmelo Mavilia Roberto Zonefrati Annalisa Tanini Maria Luisa brand Department of Surgery and Translational Medicine University of Florence Florence 50139 Italy

AIM:To investigate the effects of quercetin and genistein on colon cancer cell proliferation and their estrogen receptorβ(ERβ)***:Colon cancer cells were stably transfected with a mammalian expression vector to overexpress ERβ(HCT8-β8-expressing cells)or a control vector(HCT8-pSV2neo-expressing cells).The proliferation of these cells was examined after treatment with quercetin or genistein(5-100μmol/L),or 10 nmol/L17β-estradiol(17β-E2).Cell viability was examined by acridine orange staining following treatments for 48 or144 *** of quercetin and genistein on ERβtranscriptional transactivation were examined by luciferase activity in HCT8-β8-expressing cells transiently transfected with a pEREtkLUC reporter *** addition,the regulation of ERβtranscription by phytoestrogens and 17β-E2 was examined by quantitative polymerase chain ***:Proliferation of HCT8-β8-expressing cells was not reduced low doses(5μmol/L)of quercetin and genistein,while it was reduced at 25-50μmol/L with an effect similar to 10 nmol/L 17β-*** with doses of phytoestrogens≥75μmol/L completely blocked cell growth and reduced overall cell counts,however no effects at any dose were observed in HCT8-pSV2neoexpressing *** results were supported by viability staining that revealed acridine orange-stained lysosomes with high doses or extended treatment *** and quercetin(50μmol/L)significantly increased ER-responsive luciferase activity similar to 10nmol/L 17β-E2(Pore,genistein and quercetin(50μmol/L),as well as 10 nmol/L 17β-E2significantly increased ERβmRNA levels in HCT8-β8-expressing cells(Pon,treatment of HCT8-pSV2neo-expressing cells with 50μmol/L quercetin or 10 nmol/L 17β-E2 significantly increased ERβmRNA levels compared to untreated controls(Pough the absolute levels were much lower than in HCT8-β8-expressing ***:The antitumorigenic effects of the phytoestrogenic compounds querc

关键词： Estrogen receptor HCT8-β8 cells HCT8pSV2neo Quercetin Genistein