检索结果-南通市图书馆

In vitro rumen fermentation of feed substrates added with chestnut tannins or an extract from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

引用

Animal Nutrition 2020年第1期6卷 54-60页

作者： Chiara Sarnataro mauro spanghero Department of Agricultural FoodEnvironmental and Animal SciencesUniversity of UdineVia Sondrio2/A33100UdineItaly

Rumen fermentation parameters and microbiota were evaluated in 3 in vitro rumen fermentation experiments after addition of chestnut tannins(CWT)or an extract from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni(SB)to substrates.A control(CTR)substrate was fermented alone or added with 1.5%of CWT or SB extracts in a batch culture system(Exp.1,fermentation in 500 mL for 24 h)and in a subsequent continuous culture system(Exp.2,fermentation in 2 L bottles for 9 d).Experiment 3 used the fermentation system of Exp.1 and tested 7 doses of each extract added to CTR(additions of 0.2%,0.4%,0.6%,0.8%,1.0%,1.2%and 1.4%for48 h).The addition of CWT lowered(P<0.01)the in vitro rumen ammonia concentration in all experiments and reduced the protozoa counts in Exp.1(P<0.05).In contrast,the SB extract did not modify the ammonia concentrations,but significantly lowered the protozoa counts in all 3 experiments(reduction of 47%and 20%in Exp.1 and 2,P<0.05;and a quadratic reduction in Exp.3,R^2=0.63,P<0.01).Neither extract affected the fermentation in terms of gas production(Exp.1 and 3)nor volatile fatty acids(VFA)yield(Exp.1 and 2),if we exclude a reduction at the highest CWT concentration in Exp.3.Changes in VFA profile were induced by CWT and were limited to reductions in the iso-valerate(P<0.01,in Exp.2)and iso-butyrate levels(P<0.01,Exp.2).The CWT increased the abundance of Prevotella ruminicola and Selenomonas ruminantium and decreased that of Ruminobacter amylophilus(P<0.01,P<0.05 and P<0.05,respectively).The SB extract increased the relative abundance of Treponema saccarophylum(P<0.05).Both of the studied substances had an impact on rumen metabolism,with SB reducing protozoa counts and CWT lowering the rumen ammonia concentration.The effects of both extracts on the rumen were appreciable at low dietary doses,and the negative impacts on fermentation were limited to the reduction in protein degradation with the addition of CWT.

关键词： Rumen Ammonia Protozoa Chestnut tannin Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

Evaluation of dietary addition of 2 essential oils from Achillea moschata,or their components (bornyl acetate,camphor,and eucalyptol) on in vitro ruminal fermentation and microbial community composition

引用

Animal Nutrition 2021年第1期7卷 224-231页

作者： Stefania Colombini Andrea Rota Graziosi Pietro Parma Marcello Iriti Sara Vitalini Chiara Sarnataro mauro spanghero Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambientali—Produzione TerritorioAgroenergiaUniversitàDegli Studi di MilanoVia Celoria 220133 MilanoItaly Dipartimento di Scienze Agroalimentari Ambientali e AnimaliUniversitàDegli Studi di Udine33100 UdineItaly

This study investigated the effects of 2 Achillea moschata essential oils extracted from plants collected in 2 different valleys of the Italian Alps and 3 pure compounds of oils—bornyl acetate(BOR),camphor(CAM),and eucalyptol(EUCA)—on in vitro ruminal fermentation and microbiota.An in vitro batch fermentation experiment(Exp.1)tested the addition of all of the substances(2 essential oils and 3 compounds)in fermentation bottles(120 mL)at 48 h of incubation,whereas a subsequent in vitro continuous culture experiment(Exp.2)evaluated the pure compounds added to the fermenters(2 L)for a longer incubation period(9 d).In both experiments,total mixed rations were incubated with the additives,and samples without additives were included as the control(CTR).Each treatment was tested in duplicate and was repeated in 3 and 2 fermentation runs in Exp.1 and 2,respectively.Gas production(GP)in Exp.1 was similar for all of the treatments,and short chain volatile fatty acid(SCFA)production was similar in both experiments except for a decrease of SCFA produced(P=0.029)due to EUCA addition in Exp.2.Compared to CTR,BOR and CAM reduced the valerate proportion(P=0.04)in Exp.1,and increased(P<0.01)the acetate proportion in Exp.2.All treatments increased(P<0.01)total protozoa counts(+36.7%and+48.4%compared to CTR on average for Exp.1 and 2,respectively).In Exp.1,all of the treatments lowered the Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes and increased the Proteobacteria relative abundances(P<0.05),whereas in Exp.2,the EUCA addition increased(P=0.012)the Ruminococcus.In Exp.1,methane(CH4)as a proportion of the GP was lowered(P=0.004)by the addition of CAM and EUCA compared to CTR,whereas in Exp.2,EUCA reduced the amount of stoichiometrically calculated CH4 compared to CTR.Overall,essential oils extracted from A.moschata and the pure compounds did not depress in vitro rumen fermentation,except for EUCA in Exp.2.In both experiments,an increase of the protozoal population occurred for all the additives.

关键词： Methane Rumen fermentation Achillea moschata Protozoa Microbiome

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

饲料中不同蛋白质水平和不同氮源对意大利西门塔尔公牛瘤胃发酵和肥育性能的影响

引用

饲料博览 2017年第2期27卷 53-53页

作者： mauro spanghero Federico Mason Cristina Zanfi Anna Nikulina

试验旨在评估不同饲料对肠道消化蛋白质的影响(PDI)及尿素(U)部分替代豆粕(SBM)对意大利西门塔尔公牛性能(试验1)和体外瘤胃发酵(试验2)的影响。试验1中,选取80头公牛(平均体重495±58 kg,14月龄),进行2×2因子设计,包括不同浓度的PDI(... 详细信息

试验旨在评估不同饲料对肠道消化蛋白质的影响(PDI)及尿素(U)部分替代豆粕(SBM)对意大利西门塔尔公牛性能(试验1)和体外瘤胃发酵(试验2)的影响。试验1中,选取80头公牛(平均体重495±58 kg,14月龄),进行2×2因子设计,包括不同浓度的PDI(干物质基础上,82 g·kg-1和72 g·kg-1),分为中水平组和低水平组;全豆粕组和0.5%U替代豆粕的替代组。试验为期120 d。18月龄时进行屠宰,平均体重为656±56 kg。各组的平均日增重(ADG)为1.32 kg·d-1,而与低水平PDI组的1.28 kg·d-1相比,中水平PDI组ADG,有增加的趋势(P<0.10)。各组间表观消化率和饲料利用率之间无显著差异,与低水平组每kg饲料0.137kg体增重相比,中水平组每kg饲料0.147 kg体增重有增高趋势(P<0.10)。各组间屠宰性能无显著变化。试验2中,连续培养的瘤胃发酵接种液接种到试验1中各组。饲喂发酵液后0、1、2和3 h后分别采样,0、1、2 h后中水平组氨浓度极显著增加(P<0.01),3 h后氨浓度显著增加(P<0.05)。替代组中,1 h和2 h后p H显著下降(P<0.05),可能与尿素的缓冲能力有关。替代组的体外干物质消化率有增加趋势(P<0.10),但PDI含量变化对干物质消化率无显著影响。挥发性脂肪酸浓度的差异受到丁酸的限制,与低水平组12.5mol·100 mol-1相比,中水平组丁酸水平在饲喂发酵液后为13.6 mol·100 mol-1,有增加趋势;2 h后为13.8 mol·100 mol-1,极显著增加(P<0.01)。与豆粕组相比,替代组丁酸水平在饲喂发酵液后为14.3 mol·100 mol-1(豆粕组11.9 mol·100 mol-1),2 h后为14.3 mol·100 mol-1(豆粕组12.1 mol·100 mol-1),极显著增加(P<0.01)。试验结果表明,意大利西门塔尔公牛体增重受到PDI水平的影响,低水平PDI可降低其体增重,但PDI水平和U替代含量对屠宰性能和肉品质均无显著影响。中水平PDI组和U替代组发酵液中丁酸含量的增加需要进一步研究。

关键词：西门塔尔公牛蛋白质水平肥育性能瘤胃发酵意大利饲料氮源替代豆粕

来源：

维普期刊数据库

同方期刊数据库评论

在线全文

学校读者我要写书评

暂无评论

欢迎您,

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：

通借通还

欢迎您,

建议与咨询 留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

时间限定

文献类型

馆藏选择

核心期刊

语言

文献类型

帮助

文字说明：

检索规则说明：

检索范例：

分类表

所选分类

限定检索结果

文献类型

馆藏范围

日期分布

学科分类号

主题

机构

作者

语言

在线全文

在线全文

在线全文

请选择保存的检索档案： 新增检索档案 确定 取消

请选择收藏分类： 新增自定义分类 确定 取消

通借通还

建议与咨询留下您的常用邮箱和电话号码，以便我们向您反馈解决方案和替代方法

请选择保存的检索档案：

请选择收藏分类：