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Physics and astrophysics of strong magnetic field systems with eXTP

Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第2期62卷 74-96页

作者： Andrea Santangelo Silvia Zane Hua Feng RenXin Xu Victor Doroshenko Enrico Bozzo Ilaria Caiazzo Francesco Coti Zelati Paolo Esposito Denis González-Caniulef Jeremy Heyl Daniela Huppenkothen Gianluca Israel ZhaoSheng Li Lin Lin Roberto Mignani Nanda Rea mauro orlandini Roberto Taverna Hao Tong Roberto Turolla Cristina Baglio Federico Bernardini Niccolo'Bucciantini Marco Feroci Felix Fürst Ersin G??ü? Can Güngör Long Ji FangJun Lu Antonios Manousakis Sandro Mereghetti Romana Mikusincova Biswajit Paul Chanda Prescod-Weinstein George Younes Andrea Tiengo YuPeng Xu Anna Watts Shu Zhang Shuang-Nan Zhang Institut für Astronomie und Astrophysik Eberhard Karls Universität Key Laboratory for Particle Astrophysics Institute of High Energy Physics Mullard Space Science Laboratory University College LondonHolmbury St Mary Department of Engineering Physics and Center for Astrophysics Tsinghua University School of Physics Peking University Department of Astronomy University of Geneva Department of Physics and Astronomy University of British Columbia Universitädell’Insubria Anton Pannekoek Institute for Astronomy University of Amsterdam INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera Center for Data Science New York University INAF-Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma Department of Physics Xiangtan University Department of Astronomy Beijing Normal University INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica Milano Janusz Gil Institute of Astronomy University of Zielona Góra Instituto de Ciencias del Espacio(ICE) CSIC-IEEC INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica Spaziale e Fisica Cosmica Bologna Department of Physics and Astronomy University of Padova School of Physics and Electronic Engineering Guangzhou University NYU Abu Dhabi Saadiyat Campus P.O. NAF Osservatorio di Arcetri Largo Enrico Fermi 5 INAF-Istituto di Astrofisica e Planetologia Spaziali INFN-Roma Tor Vergata European Space Astronomy Centre(ESA/ESAC) Science Operations Department Sabanci University Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences Centrum Astronomiczne im.M.Kopernika Department of Physics Sultan Qaboos University Institute of Theoretical Physics Faculty of Mathematics and PhysicsCharles University in Prague Raman Research Institute Sadashivanagar Department of Astronomy University of Washington The George Washington University Physics department 725 21st St NW Scuola Universitaria Superiore IUSS Pavia Palazzo del Broletto

In this paper we present the science potential of the enhanced X-ray Timing and Polarimetry(eXTP) mission for studies of strongly magnetized objects. We will focus on the physics and astrophysics of strongly magnetized objects, namely magnetars, accreting X-ray pulsars, and rotation powered pulsars. We also discuss the science potential of eXTP for QED studies. Developed by an international Consortium led by the Institute of High Energy Physics of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, the eXTP mission is expected to be launched in the mid 2020s.

关键词： neutron stars QED magnetars accreting pulsars eXTP

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Genome-wide investigation to assess copy number variants in the Italian local chicken population

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 563-577页

作者： Filippo Cendron Martino Cassandro mauro Penasa Department of Agronomy FoodNatural ResourcesAnimals and Environment(DAFNAE)University of PadovaViale Dell’Universita 1635020 LegnaroPDItaly Federazione Delle Associazioni Nazionali Di Razza E Specie Via XXIV Maggio 4300187 RomeItaly

Background Copy number variants(CNV)hold significant functional and evolutionary importance.Numerous ongoing CNV studies aim to elucidate the etiology of human diseases and gain insights into the population structure of livestock.High-density chips have enabled the detection of CNV with increased resolution,leading to the identification of even small CNV.This study aimed to identify CNV in local Italian chicken breeds and investigate their distribution across the genome.Results Copy number variants were mainly distributed across the first six chromosomes and primarily associated with loss type CNV.The majority of CNV in the investigated breeds were of types 0 and 1,and the minimum length of CNV was significantly larger than that reported in previous studies.Interestingly,a high proportion of the length of chromosome 16 was covered by copy number variation regions(CNVR),with the major histocompatibility complex being the likely cause.Among the genes identified within CNVR,only those present in at least five animals across breeds(n=95)were discussed to reduce the focus on redundant CNV.Some of these genes have been associated to functional traits in chickens.Notably,several CNVR on different chromosomes harbor genes related to muscle development,tissue-specific biological processes,heat stress resistance,and immune response.Quantitative trait loci(QTL)were also analyzed to investigate potential overlapping with the identified CNVR:54 out of the 95 gene-containing regions overlapped with 428 QTL associated to body weight and size,carcass characteristics,egg production,egg components,fat deposition,and feed intake.Conclusions The genomic phenomena reported in this study that can cause changes in the distribution of CNV within the genome over time and the comparison of these differences in CNVR of the local chicken breeds could help in preserving these genetic resources.

关键词： Chicken Copy number variant Conservation Local breed SNP

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Genome-resolved metagenomics of Venice Lagoon surface sediment bacteria reveals high biosynthetic potential and metabolic plasticity as successful strategies in an impacted environment

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 126-142页

作者： Elisa Banchi Erwan Corre Paola Del Negro mauro Celussi Francesca Malfatti National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics OGS TriesteItaly FR2424 Station Biologique de RoscoffPlateforme ABiMS(Analysis and Bioinformatics for Marine Science)Sorbonne Universite CNRS29680 RoscoffFrance Department of Life Sciences University of TriesteTriesteItaly

Bacteria living in sediments play essential roles in marine ecosystems and deeper insights into the ecology and biogeochemistry of these largely unexplored organisms can be obtained from‘omics’approaches.Here,we characterized metagenome-assembled-genomes(MAGs)from the surface sediment microbes of the Venice Lagoon(northern Adriatic Sea)in distinct sub-basins exposed to various natural and anthropogenic pressures.MAGs were explored for biodiversity,major marine metabolic processes,anthropogenic activity-related functions,adaptations at the microscale,and biosynthetic gene clusters.Starting from 126 MAGs,a non-redundant dataset of 58 was compiled,the majority of which(35)belonged to(Alpha-and Gamma-)Proteobacteria.Within the broad microbial metabolic repertoire(including C,N,and S metabolisms)the potential to live without oxygen emerged as one of the most important features.Mixotrophy was also found as a successful lifestyle.Cluster analysis showed that different MAGs encoded the same metabolic patterns(e.g.,C fixation,sulfate oxidation)thus suggesting metabolic redundancy.Antibiotic and toxic compounds resistance genes were coupled,a condition that could promote the spreading of these genetic traits.MAGs showed a high biosynthetic potential related to antimicrobial and biotechnological classes and to organism defense and interactions as well as adaptive strategies for micronutrient uptake and cellular detoxification.Our results highlighted that bacteria living in an impacted environment,such as the surface sediments of the Venice Lagoon,may benefit from metabolic plasticity as well as from the synthesis of a wide array of secondary metabolites,promoting ecosystem resilience and stability toward environmental pressures.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance PAHs Biosynthetic gene clusters Microscale Mobilome Resistome

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Non-anatomical liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma:the SegSubTe classification to overcome the problem of heterogeneity

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 265-271页

作者： Mattia Garancini Alessandro Fogliati mauro Alessandro Scotti Cristina Ciulli Francesca Carissimi Antonio Rovere Luca Gianotti Fabrizio Romano Unit of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery Department of SurgeryASST-MonzaSan Gerardo HospitalUniversity of Milano-Bicoccavia Pergolesi 33MonzaMB 20052Italy Interventional Radiology Department of RadiologyASST-MonzaSan Gerardo HospitalMilano-Bicocca Universityvia Pergolesi 33MonzaMB 20052Italy

Background:The superiority of anatomical resection(AR)vs.non-anatomical resection(NAR)in the surgical management of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is debated.ARs are well-defined procedures,whereas the lack of NAR standardization results in heterogeneous outcomes.This study aimed to introduce the SegSubTe classification for NAR detailing the appropriateness of the level of surgical section of the Glissonean pedicles feeding the tumor.Methods:A single-center retrospective analysis of pre-and postoperative imaging of consecutive patients treated with NAR for single HCC between 2012 and 2020 was conducted.The quality of surgery was assessed classifying the type of vascular supply and the level of surgical section(segmental,subsegmental or terminal next to the tumor)of vascular pedicles feeding the HCCs;then,the population was divided in“SegSubTe-IN”or“SegSubTe-OUT”groups,and the tumor recurrence and survival were analyzed.Results:Ninety-seven patients who underwent NAR were included;76%were SegSubTe-IN and 24%were SegSubTe-OUT.Total disease recurrence,local recurrence and cut-edge recurrence in the SegSubTe-IN vs.SegSubTe-OUT groups were 50%vs.83%(P=0.006),20%vs.52%(P=0.003)and 16%vs.39%(P=0.020),respectively.SegSubTe-OUT odds ratio for local recurrence was 4.1 at univariate regression analysis.One-,three-,and five-year disease-free survival rates in the SegSubTe-IN vs.SegSubTe-OUT groups were 81%,58%and 35%vs.46%,21%and 11%,respectively(P<0.001).Conclusions:The SegSubTe classification is a useful tool to stratify and standardize NAR for HCC,aiming at improving long-term oncological outcomes and reducing the heterogeneity of quality of NAR for HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Intraoperative ultrasound Liver surgery Computed tomography Surgical procedure

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Characterization of Arroyo Verde Epithermal Deposit:Paragenesis,Mineral Geochemistry,Geochronology and Fluid Inclusions in Lower Chon Aike Volcanism,Argentina

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 62-84页

作者： Cecilia Pavón Pivetta Leonardo Benedini Paulo Marcos Ma.Agustina Cócola Mercedes Virginia Barros Daniel Gregori Leonardo Strazzere Anderson Costa dos Santos mauro C.Geraldes Instituto Geologico del Sur(INGEOSUR) Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas(CONICET)Bahia Blanca 8000Argentina Dpto.de Geologia Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)Bahia Blanca 8000Argentina Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro Instituto de Investigacion en Paleobiologia y GeologiaGeneral Roca 8332Argentina Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Faculdade de GeologiaDepartamento de Mineralogia e Petrologia igneaRiodeJaneiro20559-900Brazil Geobiotec Departamento de GeocienciasUniversidade de AveiroAveiro 3800-002Portuga

Arroyo Verde epithermal deposit,in the North Patagonia region of Argentina,is located within the Lower Chon Aike volcanism and is developed between 192.6±2.5 Ma(mineralization host rock)and 189.5±2.6 Ma(overlying lava).Marifil volcanic complex is the host rock for these veins,veinlets and breccias.This particular small deposit has developed low to intermediate sulphidation characteristics,with gangue mineral textures associated with several ore minerals.Electron probe microanalysis determines electrum,silver minerals such as acanthite,and tetrahedrite,related Ag-Cu minerals like jalpaite,mckinstryite,stromeyerite,and base metals like chalcopyrite,sphalerite,galena and pyrite.Fluid inclusions in quartz of two out of five events indicate that these Low Jurassic veins were formed due to subtle boiling and dilution mechanisms and by low-salinity(3.4 wt.%to 6.7 wt.%NaCl Eq)magmatic-hydrothermal fluid at 225 to 310℃.The fluid inclusion measurements that indicate boiling(Event 3)were plotted,and based on this data,we interpret that the Arroyo Verde deposit has been eroded between 550 and 700 m.This particular character has not been previously recorded for other sectors of the eastern north Patagonian region.

关键词： epithermal deposit Ag minerals mineral geochemistry fluid inclusions Chon Aike geochronology

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Homocysteinemia and Depression in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Cohort Longitudinal Study “InveCeAb” (Brain Aging in Abbiategrasso)

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Health 2024年第1期16卷 22-36页

作者： mauro Colombo Annalisa Davin Elena Rolandi Michele Rossi Riccardo Ferrari Erica Spina Antonio Guaita Golgi Cenci Foundation Abbiategrasso Italy

Depression is a major health problem, especially for elderly people. According to the “homocysteine hypothesis of depression”, high homocysteine levels may cause depression of mood via cerebrovascular diseases. Whilst biologically plausible, such hypothesis needs yet confirmation. We aimed at: 1) studying the relationships between homocysteinemia (HCY) and depression in a community-dwelling cohort of people aged 70 to 75 years at baseline;2) investigating plasma levels of HCY and 3) comparing these levels between males and females, in the same population. We exploited the data from four waves (2010, 2012, 2014 and 2018) of the longitudinal study “InveCeAb”, with specific regard towards mood assessment, by Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) scoring, and diagnosis of clinically relevant or subthreshold depression. HCY plasma levels were measured in the waves 2012, 2014 and 2018. Sample attrition was due mainly to death or overall worsening. No statistically significant differences were found in plasma homocysteine levels in each wave, according to depressive symptoms. No correlations were found between plasma HCY levels in each wave with their corresponding GDS scores, even after adjustment for folate and cobalamin blood concentrations. Dichotomized levels of HCY (≤15 vs >15 μM/l) were not associated with dichotomized GDS scores (≤4 vs higher), clinically relevant and subthreshold depression diagnosis and any antidepressive use, in any wave. First (2012) HCY levels increased with participants’ increasing age, cross-sectionally. Listwise HCY concentrations decreased along the 3 waves. HCY levels were always higher in males than in females. Our results may challenge the “homocysteine hypothesis” of depression, whilst supporting the role of high homocysteinemia as a marker of overall bad health.

关键词： Homocysteinemia Depression Aging Cohort

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元屏幕的力量和“透明性2.0”的意识形态

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北京电影学院学报 2024年第6期 45-51页

作者： [意]莫罗·卡波内卫俊(译) 法国里昂第三大学哲学系

“元―屏幕”是一种跨历史的同时展示又隐藏的原则,它所具有的启发性价值可能会对屏幕人类学的构建有所贡献。在不同的历史-文化背景下,屏幕以不同的方式发挥其使可见化和使不可见化的权力,换句话说,元―屏幕在不同的历史―文化背景下... 详细信息

“元―屏幕”是一种跨历史的同时展示又隐藏的原则,它所具有的启发性价值可能会对屏幕人类学的构建有所贡献。在不同的历史-文化背景下,屏幕以不同的方式发挥其使可见化和使不可见化的权力,换句话说,元―屏幕在不同的历史―文化背景下促成不同的可见性政体。在今天的西方社会,屏幕被定义为显示屏:显示屏就是绝对的用来展示的表面,因而就是绝对透明的表面。这说明西方有关透明性的意识形态进入“透明性2.0”阶段,这个阶段的人们追求绝对的透明性和直接性,把可见性和真相直接等同起来,而忽略了没有隐藏就不可能有展示。

关键词：元屏幕可见性政体透明性2.0 屏幕显示屏

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The Wnt/β-catenin signaling:a multifunctional target for neuroprotective and regenerative strategies in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 306-308页

作者： Annalucia Serafino mauro Cozzolino Institute of Translational Pharmacology-National Research Council of Italy RomeItaly

Parkinson's disease(PD)is the most frequent movement disorder and the second most prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disease(ND)worldwide.From the clinical point of view,it is characterized by severe motor compli... 详细信息

关键词： protective clinical rigidity

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Is patient satisfaction sufficient to validate endoscopic anti-reflux treatments?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第28期28卷 3743-3746页

作者： mauro Bortolotti Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology S.Orsola-Malpighi PolyclinicUniversity of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

Endoscopic anti-reflux treatment is emerging as a new option for gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)treatment in patients with the same indications as for laparoscopic fundoplication.There are many techniques,the first of which are transoral incisionless fundoplication(TIF)and nonablative radio-frequency(STRETTA)that have been tested with comparative studies and randomized controlled trials,whereas the other more recent ones still require a deeper evaluation.The purpose of the latter is to verify whether reflux is abolished or significantly reduced after intervention,whether there is a valid high pressure zone at the gastroesophageal junction,and whether esophagitis,when present,has disappeared.Unfortunately in a certain number of cases,and especially in the more recently introduced ones,the evaluation has been based almost exclusively on subjective criteria,such as improvement in the quality of life,remission of heartburn and regurgitation,and reduction or suspension of antacid and antisecretory drug consumption.However,with the most studied techniques such as TIF and STRETTA,an improvement in symptoms better than that of laparoscopic fundoplication can often be observed,whereas the number of acid episodes and acid exposure time are similar or higher,as if the acid refluxes are better tolerated by these patients.The suspicion of a local hyposensitivity taking place after antireflux endoscopic intervention seems confirmed by a Bernstein test at least for STRETTA.This examination should be done for all the other techniques,both old and new,to identify the ones that reassure rather than cure.In conclusion,the evaluation of the effectiveness of the endoscopic anti-reflux techniques should not be based exclusively on subjective criteria,but should also be confirmed by objective examinations,because there might be a gap between the improvement in symptoms declared by the patient and the underlying pathophysiologic alterations of GERD.

关键词： Endoscopic anti-reflux treatment Transoral incisionless fundoplication Nonablative radio-frequency Anti-reflux mucosectomy Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication

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Precise Agriculture:Effective Deep Learning Strategies to Detect Pest Insects

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第2期9卷 246-258页

作者： Luca Butera Alberto Ferrante mauro Jermini mauro Prevostini Cesare Alippi Universitàdella Svizzera italiana Faculty of InformaticsLugano 6900Switzerland Agroscope Research Centre CadenazzoCadenazzo 6594Switzerland IEEE

Pest insect monitoring and control is crucial to ensure a safe and profitable crop growth in all plantation types,as well as guarantee food quality and limited use of pesticides.We aim at extending traditional monitoring by means of traps,by involving the general public in reporting the presence of insects by using smartphones.This includes the largely unexplored problem of detecting insects in images that are taken in noncontrolled conditions.Furthermore,pest insects are,in many cases,extremely similar to other species that are harmless.Therefore,computer vision algorithms must not be fooled by these similar insects,not to raise unmotivated alarms.In this work,we study the capabilities of state-of-the-art(SoA)object detection models based on convolutional neural networks(CNN)for the task of detecting beetle-like pest insects on nonhomogeneous images taken outdoors by different sources.Moreover,we focus on disambiguating a pest insect from similar harmless species.We consider not only detection performance of different models,but also required computational resources.This study aims at providing a baseline model for this kind of tasks.Our results show the suitability of current SoA models for this application,highlighting how FasterRCNN with a MobileNetV3 backbone is a particularly good starting point for accuracy and inference execution latency.This combination provided a mean average precision score of 92.66%that can be considered qualitatively at least as good as the score obtained by other authors that adopted more specific models.

关键词： Computer vision machine learning neural network pest insect pest monitoring Popillia japonica precise agriculture

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