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Electroconvulsive therapy in catatonic patients: Efficacy and predictors of response

World Journal of Psychiatry 2015年第2期5卷 182-192页

作者： Federica Luchini Pierpaolo Medda Michela Giorgi Mariani mauro mauri Cristina Toni Giulio Perugi Department of Experimental and Clinic Medicine Section of Psychiatry University of Pisa Institute of Behavioural Science

Recent evidence favors the view of catatonia as an autonomous syndrome, frequently associated with mood disorders, but also observed in neurological, neurodevelop-mental, physical and toxic conditions. From our systematic literature review, electroconvulsive therapy(ECT) results effective in all forms of catatonia, even after pharmacotherapy with benzodiazepines has failed. Response rate ranges from 80% to 100% and results superior to those of any other therapy in psychiatry. ECT should be considered first-line treatment in patients with malignant catatonia, neuroleptic malignant syndrome, delirious mania or severe catatonic excitement, and in general in all catatonic patients that are refractory or partially responsive to benzodiazepines. Early intervention with ECT is encouraged to avoid undue deterioration of the patient's medical condition. Little is known about the long-term treatment outcomes following administration of ECT for catatonia. The presence of a concomitant chronic neurologic disease or extrapyramidal deficit seems to be related to ECT non-response. On the contrary, the presence of acute, severe and psychotic mood disorder is associated with good response. Severe psychotic features in responders may be related with a prominent GABAergic mediated deficit in orbitofrontal cortex, whereas non-responders may be characterized by a prevalent dopaminergic mediated extrapyramidal deficit. These observations are consistent with the hypothesis that ECT is more effective in "top-down" variant of catatonia, in which the psychomotor syndrome may be sustained by a dysregulation of the orbitofrontal cortex, than in "bottom-up" variant, in which an extrapyramidal dysregulation may be prevalent. Future research should focus on ECT response in different subtype of catatonia and on efficacy of maintenance ECT in long-term prevention of recurrent catatonia. Further research on mechanism of action of ECT in catatonia may also contribute to the development of other brain

关键词： Electroconvulsive therapy Catatonia Mood disorders Schizophrenia Benzodiazepines Antipsychotics

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Mood Spectrum Model:Evidence reconsidered in the light of DSM-5

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World Journal of Psychiatry 2015年第1期5卷 126-137页

作者： Antonella Benvenuti Mario Miniati Antonio Callari Michela Giorgi Mariani mauro mauri Liliana Dell’Osso Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine University of Pisa

AIM: to investigate studies conducted with the Mood Spectrum Structured Interviews and Self-Report versions(SCI-MOODS and MOODS-SR).METHODS: We conducted a review of studies published between 1997 and August 2014. The search was performed using Pubmed and Psyc INFO databases. Analysis of the papers followed the inclusion and exclusion criteria recommended by the PRISMA Guidelines, namely:(1) articles that presented a combination of at least two terms, "SCI-MOODS" [all fields] or "MOODS-SR" [all fields] or "mood spectrum" [all fields];(2) manuscript in English;(3) original articles; and(4) prospective or retrospective original studies(analytical or descriptive), experimental or quasi-experimental studies. Exclusion criteria were:(1) other study designs(case reports, case series, and reviews);(2) non-original studies including editorials, book reviews and letters to the editor; and(3) studies not specifically designed and focused on SCI-MOODS or ***: The search retrieved 43 papers, including 5 reviews of literature or methodological papers, and 1 case report. After analyzing their titles and abstracts, according to the eligibility criteria, 6 were excluded and 37 were chosen and included. The SCI-MOODS and the MOODS-SR have been tested in published studies involving 52 different samples across 4 countries(Italy, United States, Spain and Japan). The proposed mood spectrum approach has demonstrated its usefulness mainly in 3 different areas:(1) Patients with the socalled "pure" unipolar depression that might manifest hypomanic atypical and/or sub-threshold aspects systematically detectable with the mood questionnaire;(2) Spectrum features not detected by other instruments are clinically relevant, because they might manifest in waves during the lifespan, sometimes together, sometimes alone, sometimes reaching the severity for a full-blown disorder, sometimes interfering withother mental disorders or complicating the course of somatic diseases; and(3) Higher

关键词： Mood disorders Dimensional Categorical Unipolar Spectrum Bipolar Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders 5

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Is osteoporosis risk in anorexia nervosa underestimated? A case report series

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Open Journal of Internal Medicine 2013年第4期3卷 115-118页

作者： Bruno Pacciardi Claudio Cargioli Simone Belli Biagio Cotugno Samanta Augusto Luca Di Paolo mauro mauri Clinical and Experimental Medicine Department (Psychiatry Division) University of Pisa Italy

Introduction: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is a mental disorder whose features are deliberate weight loss, disordered body image, and intrusive overvalued fears of gaining weight. Long-term consequences of AN include endocrine dysfunctions leading to secondary amenorrhea, bone loss and/or osteoporosis with an increased risk of bone fracture. Therefore young women with AN may develop a risk for bone fractures comparable to that of postmenopausal women. Methods: In this case report series Bone Mineral Density (BMD) was examined by Dual energy X-ray Absorptiometry (DXA) in 19 hospitalized patients with diagnosis of AN and prolonged amenorrhea. Results: All patients showed a lumbar/femoral bone loss or osteoporosis, with an increased fracture risk comparable to that of postmenopausal women. Conclusions: Our observation suggests that DXA evaluation of anorexic patients with prolonged amenorrhea would be helpful to prevent fracture risk in this population of patients. However, although DXA is almost routinely recommended in women over 65, it is not in young AN patients with prolonged amenorrhea.

关键词： Anorexia Nervosa Amenorrhea Osteoporosis Fracturerisk DXA BMD

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The influence of arterial stiffness in heart failure:a clinical review

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2021年第2期18卷 135-140页

作者： mauro Feola Department of Cardiology Ospedale Regina Montis RegalisMondovìItaly

Vascular aging in large arteries plays an important role in contributing to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality.[1]Structural changes include an increase in wall thickness,intima-media thickening ratio is widely at... 详细信息

关键词： aging stiffness attributed

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Precise Agriculture:Effective Deep Learning Strategies to Detect Pest Insects

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IEEE/CAA Journal of Automatica Sinica 2022年第2期9卷 246-258页

作者： Luca Butera Alberto Ferrante mauro Jermini mauro Prevostini Cesare Alippi Universitàdella Svizzera italiana Faculty of InformaticsLugano 6900Switzerland Agroscope Research Centre CadenazzoCadenazzo 6594Switzerland IEEE

Pest insect monitoring and control is crucial to ensure a safe and profitable crop growth in all plantation types,as well as guarantee food quality and limited use of *** aim at extending traditional monitoring by means of traps,by involving the general public in reporting the presence of insects by using *** includes the largely unexplored problem of detecting insects in images that are taken in noncontrolled ***,pest insects are,in many cases,extremely similar to other species that are ***,computer vision algorithms must not be fooled by these similar insects,not to raise unmotivated *** this work,we study the capabilities of state-of-the-art(SoA)object detection models based on convolutional neural networks(CNN)for the task of detecting beetle-like pest insects on nonhomogeneous images taken outdoors by different ***,we focus on disambiguating a pest insect from similar harmless *** consider not only detection performance of different models,but also required computational *** study aims at providing a baseline model for this kind of *** results show the suitability of current SoA models for this application,highlighting how FasterRCNN with a MobileNetV3 backbone is a particularly good starting point for accuracy and inference execution *** combination provided a mean average precision score of 92.66%that can be considered qualitatively at least as good as the score obtained by other authors that adopted more specific models.

关键词： Computer vision machine learning neural network pest insect pest monitoring Popillia japonica precise agriculture

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State of the art and computational aspects of time-dependent waiting models for non-signalised intersections

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第6期7卷 808-831页

作者： Raffaele mauro Andrea Pompigna Department of Civil Environmental and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of TrentoTrento 38123Italy

Time-dependent models are of great importance in highway engineering as they are appropriate for evaluating waiting times and queue lengths at intersections,which are integral parts of various activities in planning,verification and decision support for *** reviewing the literature of the main time-dependent models based on the coordinate transformation method and a discussion about some computational issues in time-evolution profiles for non-signalised intersections,the paper identifies the requirements these models have to satisfy in order to be used as"basic"cases for analysing complex evolutionary ***"basic"cases are presented with their timedependent equations for vehicle waiting times and vehicle number;they have been completed and dimensionally homogenised in this *** they are recursive,these formulas can be applied for sequential intervals in the time domain in both vehicles and passenger car *** closed-form expressions for state variables show to be mutually equivalent in comparison with discrete event simulation models and imbedded Markov chain *** all the three models the paper presents a common deterministic simplification for average waiting time,with good approximation results in the tested *** proposed time-dependent formulas will contribute to a better adherence to the real phenomena,compared to the extremely simplified and unrealistic methods suggested by the international manuals for level of service *** proposed formulas will be useful for current applications and possible future development in order to meet the emerging needs of road and transport engineering.

关键词： Traffic engineering Priority system Non-signalised intersections Time-dependent queue model Shared queue delay Coordinate transformation method

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A multi-class time-dependent model for the analysis of waiting phenomena at a motorway tollgate

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第2期8卷 237-256页

作者： Andrea Pompigna Raffaele mauro Department of Civil Environmental and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of TrentoTrento 38123Italy

The planning, design and operational management of motorway toll booths are of great interest in traffic engineering, as these facilities directly influence the quality of the service offered to users. This paper focuses on a time-dependent queue model based on the coordinates transformation criterion for operations assessment at a motorway tollgate. This model allows to face the whole spectrum of situations that may characterize a toll booth,some of which often fall outside the boundaries of the probabilistic theory for stationary *** paper proposes an M=G=1 multi-class queue model for the evaluation of evolutionary profiles of waiting times and queue lengths by closed-form equations. The results obtained for three numerical test cases show a good approximation level, compared with the mean values of queue parameters obtained reiterating a discrete-state simulation *** proposed time-dependent equations will be useful in technical cases, allowing to operate quickly and compactly even when probabilistic queue theory is not applicable or produce unrealistic results, and the burden of complexity of the simulation approach is not conveniently absorbable. The discussion highlights a significant flexibility of the model proposed in addressing situations with conventional vehicles, i.e., with total human control and proposes some considerations for application in future scenarios with the presence of connected vehicles(CVs).

关键词： Traffic engineering Time-dependent queue model Shared queue Coordinate transformation method Tollgate

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Magnetic challenge against gastroesophageal reflux

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第48期27卷 8227-8241页

作者： mauro Bortolotti Via Massarenti 48 Bologna 40138Italy

Almost 15 years have passed since the first paper on the possibility of using magnets to prevent gastro-esophageal reflux(GER)was published and so it is time to assess the results obtained with the first magnetic device available on the market,the Linx magnetic sphincter augmentation(MSA)and to consider what other options are *** demonstrated an anti-reflux activity similar to that of Nissen fundoplication,considered the“gold standard”surgical treatment for GER disease,and caused less gas-bloating and a better ability to allow vomiting and ***,unlike Nissen fundoplication,this magnetic device is burdened by complications,which are roughly similar to those of the non-magnetic anti-reflux Angelchik prosthesis,that,after considerable use in the eighties,was shelved due to these *** is interesting to note that some of these complications show the same pathophysiological mechanism in both *** upcoming new magnetic devices should avoid these complications,as their anti-reflux magnetic mechanism is completely *** experiments in animals regarding these new magnetic appliances were examined,remarking their advantages and drawbacks,but the way to apply them in surgical practice is long and difficult,although worthy,as they represent the future of magnetic surgery.

关键词： Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Magnetic sphincter augmentation device Nissen fundoplication Angelchik prosthesis Lower esophageal sphincter Dysphagia

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The Wnt/β-catenin signaling:a multifunctional target for neuroprotective and regenerative strategies in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 306-308页

作者： Annalucia Serafino mauro Cozzolino Institute of Translational Pharmacology-National Research Council of Italy RomeItaly

Parkinson's disease(PD)is the most frequent movement disorder and the second most prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disease(ND)*** the clinical point of view,it is characterized by severe motor complications,inc... 详细信息

关键词： protective clinical rigidity

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Cognitive impairment in heart failure patients

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2014年第4期11卷 316-328页

作者： Laura Leto mauro Feola School of Geriatry University of Turin Italy Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Heart Failure Unit Ospedale SS Trinita ' Via Ospedale 4-12045 Fossano Italy

Cognitive damage in heart failure （HF） involves different domains thus interfering with the ability for single patient to self-care and to cope with treatment regimens, modifying symptoms and health behaviours. Many cerebral and functional changes were detected in brain imaging, involving areas of both grey and white matter deputed to cognition. Although various instruments are available to explore cognition, no consensus was obtained on better tools to be used in HF population. Reduction in cerebral blood flow, decreased cardiac output, altera-tions of cerebrovascular reactivity and modification of blood pressure levels are the main features involved in the etiopathogenetic mecha-nisms of cognitive deficit. Several cardiac variables, laboratory parameters, demographic and clinical elements were studied for their possible relation with cognition and should be properly evaluated to define patients at increased risk of impairment. The present review gathers avail-able data pointing out assured information and discussing possible areas of research development.

关键词： Heart failure Cognitive impairment Blood pressure

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