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Problems with repairing gut sphincters malfunctions

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World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery 2024年第8期16卷 2396-2408页

作者： mauro Bortolotti Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology S Orsola-Malpighi PolyclinicUniversity of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

Correcting a gut sphincter malfunction is a difficult *** each sphincter has two opposite functions,that of closure and opening,repairing one there is a risk of damaging the ***,widening a narrow sphincter,such as lower esophageal sphincter(LES)and anal sphincter,may cause gastroeso-phageal reflux and fecal incontinence,respectively,whereas narrowing a wide sphincter,may cause a difficult *** the corrective treatments for difficult or retrograde transit concerning LES and anal sphincter with their unwanted consequences have been analyzed and *** overcome the drawbacks of sphincter surgical repairs,researchers have devised devices capable of closing and opening the gut lumen,named artificial sphincters(ASs).Their function is based on various mechanisms,e.g.,hydraulic,magnetic,mechanical etc,operating through many complicated components,such as plastic cuffs,balloons,micro-pumps,micromotors,connecting tubes and wires,electromechanical clamps,rechargeable batteries,magnetic devices,elastic bands,***,these structures may facilitate the onset of infections and induce a local fibrotic reaction,which may cause device malfunctioning,whereas the compression of the gut wall to occlude the lumen may give rise to ischemia with erosions and other *** ASs are already being used in clinical practice,despite their considerable limits,while others are still at the research *** view of the adverse events of the ASs mentioned above,we considered applying bioengineering methods to analyze and resolve biomechanical and biological interaction problems with the aim to conceive and build efficient and safe biomimetic ASs.

关键词： Sphincter Artificial sphincter Magnetic sphincter Gastroesophageal sphincter Anal sphincter Gastroesophageal reflux Fecal incontinence

Genome-wide investigation to assess copy number variants in the Italian local chicken population

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2024年第2期15卷 563-577页

作者： Filippo Cendron Martino Cassandro mauro Penasa Department of Agronomy FoodNatural ResourcesAnimals and Environment(DAFNAE)University of PadovaViale Dell’Universita 1635020 LegnaroPDItaly Federazione Delle Associazioni Nazionali Di Razza E Specie Via XXIV Maggio 4300187 RomeItaly

Background Copy number variants(CNV)hold significant functional and evolutionary *** ongoing CNV studies aim to elucidate the etiology of human diseases and gain insights into the population structure of ***-density chips have enabled the detection of CNV with increased resolution,leading to the identification of even small *** study aimed to identify CNV in local Italian chicken breeds and investigate their distribution across the *** Copy number variants were mainly distributed across the first six chromosomes and primarily associated with loss type *** majority of CNV in the investigated breeds were of types 0 and 1,and the minimum length of CNV was significantly larger than that reported in previous ***,a high proportion of the length of chromosome 16 was covered by copy number variation regions(CNVR),with the major histocompatibility complex being the likely *** the genes identified within CNVR,only those present in at least five animals across breeds(n=95)were discussed to reduce the focus on redundant *** of these genes have been associated to functional traits in ***,several CNVR on different chromosomes harbor genes related to muscle development,tissue-specific biological processes,heat stress resistance,and immune *** trait loci(QTL)were also analyzed to investigate potential overlapping with the identified CNVR:54 out of the 95 gene-containing regions overlapped with 428 QTL associated to body weight and size,carcass characteristics,egg production,egg components,fat deposition,and feed *** The genomic phenomena reported in this study that can cause changes in the distribution of CNV within the genome over time and the comparison of these differences in CNVR of the local chicken breeds could help in preserving these genetic resources.

关键词： Chicken Copy number variant Conservation Local breed SNP

High-speed tracked vehicle model order reduction for static and dynamic simulations

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Defence Technology（防务技术） 2024年第8期38卷 89-110页

作者： Luca Dimauro Simone Venturini Antonio Tota Enrico Galvagno mauro Velardocchia Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Politecnico di TorinoCorso Duca degli Abruzzi2410129TorinoItaly

In this paper, a model order reduction strategy is adopted for the static and dynamic behaviour simulation of a high-speed tracked vehicle. The total number of degree of freedom of the structure is condensed through a selection of interface degrees of freedom and significant global mode shapes, for an approximated description of vehicle dynamic behaviour. The methodology is implemented in a customised open-source software to reduce the computational efforts. The modelled tracked vehicle includes the sprung mass, the unsprung masses, connected by means of torsional bars, and all the track assemblies, composing the track chain. The proposed research activity presents a comprehensive investigation of the influence of the track chain, combined with longitudinal vehicle speed, on statics and vehicle dynamics, focusing on vertical dynamics. The vehicle response has been investigated both in frequency and time domain. In this last case road-wheel displacements are assumed as inputs for the model, under different working conditions, hence considering several road profiles with different amplitudes and characteristic excitation frequencies. Simulation results have proven a high fidelity in model order reduction approach and a significant contribution of the track chain in the global dynamic behaviour of the tracked vehicle.

关键词： Tracked vehicle dynamics Rubber characteristics Component mode synthesis Modal analysis Open-source

Genome-resolved metagenomics of Venice Lagoon surface sediment bacteria reveals high biosynthetic potential and metabolic plasticity as successful strategies in an impacted environment

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Marine Life Science & Technology 2024年第1期6卷 126-142页

作者： Elisa Banchi Erwan Corre Paola Del Negro mauro Celussi Francesca Malfatti National Institute of Oceanography and Applied Geophysics OGS TriesteItaly FR2424 Station Biologique de RoscoffPlateforme ABiMS(Analysis and Bioinformatics for Marine Science)Sorbonne Universite CNRS29680 RoscoffFrance Department of Life Sciences University of TriesteTriesteItaly

Bacteria living in sediments play essential roles in marine ecosystems and deeper insights into the ecology and biogeochemistry of these largely unexplored organisms can be obtained from‘omics’***,we characterized metagenome-assembled-genomes(MAGs)from the surface sediment microbes of the Venice Lagoon(northern Adriatic Sea)in distinct sub-basins exposed to various natural and anthropogenic *** were explored for biodiversity,major marine metabolic processes,anthropogenic activity-related functions,adaptations at the microscale,and biosynthetic gene *** from 126 MAGs,a non-redundant dataset of 58 was compiled,the majority of which(35)belonged to(Alpha-and Gamma-)*** the broad microbial metabolic repertoire(including C,N,and S metabolisms)the potential to live without oxygen emerged as one of the most important *** was also found as a successful *** analysis showed that different MAGs encoded the same metabolic patterns(e.g.,C fixation,sulfate oxidation)thus suggesting metabolic *** and toxic compounds resistance genes were coupled,a condition that could promote the spreading of these genetic *** showed a high biosynthetic potential related to antimicrobial and biotechnological classes and to organism defense and interactions as well as adaptive strategies for micronutrient uptake and cellular *** results highlighted that bacteria living in an impacted environment,such as the surface sediments of the Venice Lagoon,may benefit from metabolic plasticity as well as from the synthesis of a wide array of secondary metabolites,promoting ecosystem resilience and stability toward environmental pressures.

关键词： Antibiotic resistance PAHs Biosynthetic gene clusters Microscale Mobilome Resistome

Predicting cardiovascular events in out-of-hospital patients presenting with atypical chest pain and complete left bundle branch block: role of CTA and echocardiographic Global Longitudinal Strain

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2024年第7期21卷 760-767页

作者： Guido Pastorini Fabio Anastasio Anna Botto Valentina Tardivo mauro Feola Cardiology Division Regina Montis Regalis HospitalASLCN1Mondovi’Italy Intensive Care Regina Montis Re-galis HospitalASLCN1 Mondovi’Italy School of Geriatry University of MedicineTurinItaly

Background Out-of-hospital patients presenting with atypical chest pain and complete left bundle branch block(LBBB)have to be stratified for the presence of coronary artery disease and the risk of developing heart failure(HF).We investigated the pro-gnostic role of coronary CT-angiography(CTA)and echocardiographic global longitudinal strain(GLS)in those patients in a mid-term *** Out-of-hospital patients with LBBB underwent echocardiography and a 64-slice CT angiography were evaluated *** of HF or a cardiovascular death were the events *** Seventy-eight patients(32 female;mean age:66.0±10.4 years were *** a follow-up of 33 months(IQR:17-77),one patient(1.5%)experienced a cardiovascular death,14 patients(17.9%)required urgent outpatient visits due to acute de-compensated HF(12 hospitalizations).Echocardiography showed a slightly reduced left ventricular ejection fraction(LVEF)(50.0%±9.8%)and GLS within the normal range(-16.2%±4.1%).CTA analysis showed coronary stenosis>50%in 28 patients(35.9%).A high Agatston score(>100)was observed in 29.5%.Notably,25 patients(32.1%)were diagnosed with left main coron-ary artery disease and 15 patients(16.7%)underwent revascularization during the follow *** associations were ob-served between events and LVEF(P=0.001),diastolic dysfunction grade≥2(P=0.02),GLS(P<0.001),multiple coronary stenos-is(P=0.04)and Agatston score(P=0.05).Multivariate analysis confirmed the relationships with LVEF(R^(2)=0.89,P<0.001),dia-stolic dysfunction(R^(2)=3.30,P=0.04),GLS(R^(2)=1.43,P<0.001),and Agatston score(R^(2)=1.01,P=0.05).Conclusions In patients with complete LBBB,CTA and GLS identified those at a high risk of development HF.

关键词： patients echocardiographic branch

Non-anatomical liver resection for hepatocellular carcinoma:the SegSubTe classification to overcome the problem of heterogeneity

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Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International 2024年第3期23卷 265-271页

作者： Mattia Garancini Alessandro Fogliati mauro Alessandro Scotti Cristina Ciulli Francesca Carissimi Antonio Rovere Luca Gianotti Fabrizio Romano Unit of Hepatobiliopancreatic Surgery Department of SurgeryASST-MonzaSan Gerardo HospitalUniversity of Milano-Bicoccavia Pergolesi 33MonzaMB 20052Italy Interventional Radiology Department of RadiologyASST-MonzaSan Gerardo HospitalMilano-Bicocca Universityvia Pergolesi 33MonzaMB 20052Italy

Background:The superiority of anatomical resection(AR)***-anatomical resection(NAR)in the surgical management of hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is *** are well-defined procedures,whereas the lack of NAR standardization results in heterogeneous *** study aimed to introduce the SegSubTe classification for NAR detailing the appropriateness of the level of surgical section of the Glissonean pedicles feeding the ***:A single-center retrospective analysis of pre-and postoperative imaging of consecutive patients treated with NAR for single HCC between 2012 and 2020 was *** quality of surgery was assessed classifying the type of vascular supply and the level of surgical section(segmental,subsegmental or terminal next to the tumor)of vascular pedicles feeding the HCCs;then,the population was divided in“SegSubTe-IN”or“SegSubTe-OUT”groups,and the tumor recurrence and survival were ***:Ninety-seven patients who underwent NAR were included;76%were SegSubTe-IN and 24%were *** disease recurrence,local recurrence and cut-edge recurrence in the SegSubTe-IN ***-OUT groups were 50%vs.83%(P=0.006),20%vs.52%(P=0.003)and 16%vs.39%(P=0.020),***-OUT odds ratio for local recurrence was 4.1 at univariate regression ***-,three-,and five-year disease-free survival rates in the SegSubTe-IN ***-OUT groups were 81%,58%and 35%vs.46%,21%and 11%,respectively(P<0.001).Conclusions:The SegSubTe classification is a useful tool to stratify and standardize NAR for HCC,aiming at improving long-term oncological outcomes and reducing the heterogeneity of quality of NAR for HCC.

关键词： Hepatocellular carcinoma Intraoperative ultrasound Liver surgery Computed tomography Surgical procedure

Carbon Capture and Storage in the Biofouling Tubeworm Ficopomatus Enigmaticus

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Journal of Environmental Science and Engineering(A) 2024年第4期13卷 128-135页

作者： Doimi mauro Department of Electronic Biology and Manufacturing EngineeringD&D Consultingvia Montenero 90VeniceMestre 30171Italy

The study investigates the potential of the serpulid tubeworm Ficopomatus sp.,sourced from Jesolo Lido(Venice,Italy),for CCS(Carbon Capture and Storage).Specimens were processed to extract bioactive compounds using a 50%polypropylene glycol-water solvent *** were analysed and purified using column gel filtration chromatography,with fractions identified by TLC(Thin Layer Chromatography)and further characterized for antioxidant and antibacterial *** activity was detected via DPPH(2,2-Diphenyl-1-Picrylhydrazyl)spraying on TLC plates,while antibacterial activity was evaluated using the antibiogram paper disk diffusion *** activity in the fractions was previously confirmed through a bromothymol blue test followed by spectrophotometric *** primary goal was to explore the CCS potential,using an experimental module involving Arduino Uno embedded microprocessor for the CO_(2) measurement and to confirm the conversion into insoluble carbonates(storage).The most active fraction,identified as S1,showed significant CCS action,confirmed by microscopic observation of calcareous deposits on treated *** findings suggest that Ficopomatus *** be used in CCS research highlighting its potential for biotechnological applications in mitigating climate *** paper underscores the importance of marine organisms in CCS and offers insights into innovative strategies for environmental conservation and carbon management.

关键词： CCS CO_(2) marine carbonic anhydrase Jesolo beach(VE,Italy) biofouling beach rock

Characterization of Arroyo Verde Epithermal Deposit:Paragenesis,Mineral Geochemistry,Geochronology and Fluid Inclusions in Lower Chon Aike Volcanism,Argentina

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Journal of Earth Science 2024年第1期35卷 62-84页

作者： Cecilia Pavón Pivetta Leonardo Benedini Paulo Marcos Ma.Agustina Cócola Mercedes Virginia Barros Daniel Gregori Leonardo Strazzere Anderson Costa dos Santos mauro C.Geraldes Instituto Geologico del Sur(INGEOSUR) Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)-Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas(CONICET)Bahia Blanca 8000Argentina Dpto.de Geologia Universidad Nacional del Sur(UNS)Bahia Blanca 8000Argentina Universidad Nacional de Rio Negro Instituto de Investigacion en Paleobiologia y GeologiaGeneral Roca 8332Argentina Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro Faculdade de GeologiaDepartamento de Mineralogia e Petrologia igneaRiodeJaneiro20559-900Brazil Geobiotec Departamento de GeocienciasUniversidade de AveiroAveiro 3800-002Portuga

Arroyo Verde epithermal deposit,in the North Patagonia region of Argentina,is located within the Lower Chon Aike volcanism and is developed between 192.6±2.5 Ma(mineralization host rock)and 189.5±2.6 Ma(overlying lava).Marifil volcanic complex is the host rock for these veins,veinlets and *** particular small deposit has developed low to intermediate sulphidation characteristics,with gangue mineral textures associated with several ore *** probe microanalysis determines electrum,silver minerals such as acanthite,and tetrahedrite,related Ag-Cu minerals like jalpaite,mckinstryite,stromeyerite,and base metals like chalcopyrite,sphalerite,galena and *** inclusions in quartz of two out of five events indicate that these Low Jurassic veins were formed due to subtle boiling and dilution mechanisms and by low-salinity(3.4 wt.%to 6.7 wt.%NaCl Eq)magmatic-hydrothermal fluid at 225 to 310℃.The fluid inclusion measurements that indicate boiling(Event 3)were plotted,and based on this data,we interpret that the Arroyo Verde deposit has been eroded between 550 and 700 *** particular character has not been previously recorded for other sectors of the eastern north Patagonian region.

关键词： epithermal deposit Ag minerals mineral geochemistry fluid inclusions Chon Aike geochronology

Homocysteinemia and Depression in Community-Dwelling Older Adults: The Cohort Longitudinal Study “InveCeAb” (Brain Aging in Abbiategrasso)

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Health 2024年第1期16卷 22-36页

作者： mauro Colombo Annalisa Davin Elena Rolandi Michele Rossi Riccardo Ferrari Erica Spina Antonio Guaita Golgi Cenci Foundation Abbiategrasso Italy

Depression is a major health problem, especially for elderly people. According to the “homocysteine hypothesis of depression”, high homocysteine levels may cause depression of mood via cerebrovascular diseases. Whilst biologically plausible, such hypothesis needs yet confirmation. We aimed at: 1) studying the relationships between homocysteinemia (HCY) and depression in a community-dwelling cohort of people aged 70 to 75 years at baseline;2) investigating plasma levels of HCY and 3) comparing these levels between males and females, in the same population. We exploited the data from four waves (2010, 2012, 2014 and 2018) of the longitudinal study “InveCeAb”, with specific regard towards mood assessment, by Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) scoring, and diagnosis of clinically relevant or subthreshold depression. HCY plasma levels were measured in the waves 2012, 2014 and 2018. Sample attrition was due mainly to death or overall worsening. No statistically significant differences were found in plasma homocysteine levels in each wave, according to depressive symptoms. No correlations were found between plasma HCY levels in each wave with their corresponding GDS scores, even after adjustment for folate and cobalamin blood concentrations. Dichotomized levels of HCY (≤15 vs >15 μM/l) were not associated with dichotomized GDS scores (≤4 vs higher), clinically relevant and subthreshold depression diagnosis and any antidepressive use, in any wave. First (2012) HCY levels increased with participants’ increasing age, cross-sectionally. Listwise HCY concentrations decreased along the 3 waves. HCY levels were always higher in males than in females. Our results may challenge the “homocysteine hypothesis” of depression, whilst supporting the role of high homocysteinemia as a marker of overall bad health.

关键词： Homocysteinemia Depression Aging Cohort