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Glacial biodiversity of the southernmost glaciers of the European Alps(Clapier and Peirabroc,Italy)

Journal of Mountain Science 2022年第8期19卷 2139-2159页

作者： Barbara VALLE mauro gobbi Marta TOGNETTI Marina Serena BORGATTI Chiara COMPOSTELLA Paolo PANTINI Marco CACCIANIGA Universitàdegli Studi di Milano Department of BiosciencesVia Celoria 2620133 MilanoItaly MUSE-Science Museum of Trento Research and Museum Collections OfficeClimate and Ecology UnitCorso del Lavoro e della Scienza338122 TrentoItaly Universitàdegli Studi di Milano Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra"A.Desio"Via Mangiagalli 3420133 MilanoItaly Museo Civico di Scienze Naturali"E.Caffi" Piazza della Cittadella1024129 BergamoItaly

We applied a multi-taxa approach integrating the co-occurrence of plants,ground beetles,spiders and springtails with soil parameters(temperatures and chemical characteristics)in order to describe the primary succession along two glacier forelands in the Maritime Alps(Italy),a hotspot of Mediterranean *** compared these successions to those from Central Alps:Maritime glacier forelands markedly differ for their higher values of species richness and species *** to our expectation,Maritime glacier forelands follow a‘replacement change model’,like continental succession of Inner Alps and differently from other peripheral *** propose that the temperatures along these Mediterranean glacier forelands are warmer than those along other Alpine glacier forelands,which promote the faster species ***,we found that early and mid successional stages of the investigated glaciers are richer in cold-adapted and endemic species than the later ones:we confirmed that the‘replacement change’model disadvantages pioneer,cold-adapted *** the overall correspondence among coldadapted and endemic species,the most threatened in this climate phase,our results raise new concerns about the extinction risk of these *** also describe supraglacial habitat of Maritime glaciers demonstrating that supraglacial debris represents an environment decoupled from the regional climate and may have an important role as refugium for coldadapted and hygrophilous plant and animal species,whose survival can be threatened by climate change and by a rapid ecological succession in the adjacent forelands.

关键词： Arthropod communities Cold-adapted species Glacier forelands Plant communities Primary succession

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Transcranial direct current stimulation enhances theory of mind in Parkinson’s disease patients with mild cognitive impairment:a randomized,double-blind,sham-controlled study

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Translational Neurodegeneration 2019年第1期8卷 1-13页

作者： mauro Adenzato Rosa Manenti Ivan Enrici Elena gobbi Michela Brambilla Antonella Alberici Maria Sofia Cotelli Alessandro Padovani Barbara Borroni Maria Cotelli Department of Psychology University of TurinTurinItaly Neuroscience Institute of Turin TurinItaly Neuropsychology Unit IRCCS Istituto Centro San Giovanni di Dio–FatebenefratelliBresciaItaly Department of Philosophy and Educational Sciences University of Turinvia Gaudenzio Ferrari 910124 TurinItaly Centre for Neurodegenerative Disorders Neurology UnitDepartment of Clinical and Experimental SciencesUniversity of BresciaBresciaItaly

Background:Parkinson’s Disease(PD)with mild cognitive impairment(MCI)(PD-MCI)represents one of the most dreaded complications for patients with PD and is associated with a higher risk of developing *** transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)has been demonstrated to improve motor and non-motor symptoms in PD,to date,no study has investigated the effects of tDCS on Theory of Mind(ToM),i.e.,the ability to understand and predict other people’s behaviours,in ***:In this randomized,double-blind,sham-controlled study,we applied active tDCS over the medial frontal cortex(MFC)to modulate ToM performance in twenty patients with *** matched healthy controls(HC)were also enrolled and were asked to perform the ToM task without receiving ***:In the patients with PD-MCI,i)ToM performance was worse than that in the HC,ii)ToM abilities were poorer in those with fronto-executive difficulties,and iii)tDCS over the MFC led to significant shortening of latency for ToM ***:We show for the first time that active tDCS over the MFC enhances ToM in patients with PD-MCI,and suggest that non-invasive brain stimulation could be used to ameliorate ToM deficits observed in these patients.

关键词： Medial frontal cortex(MFC) Mild cognitive impairment(MCI) Parkinson’s disease(PD) Theory of mind(ToM) Transcranial direct current stimulation(tDCS)

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