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Density of states characterization of TiO_(2) films deposited by pulsed laser deposition for heterojunction solar cells

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Nano Research 2022年第5期15卷 4048-4057页

作者： Daniele Scire Roberto Macaluso mauro Mosca Maria Pia Casaletto Olindo Isabella Miro Zeman Isodiana Crupi Department of Engineering University of PalermoViale delle ScienzeEd.9Palermo 90128Italy Institute of Nanostructured Materials(ISMN) National Research Council(CNR)Via Ugo La Malfa 153Palermo 90146Italy Photovoltaic Materials and Devices Group Delft University of TechnologyMekelweg 4Delft 2628CDthe Netherlands

The application of titanium dioxide(TiO_(2))in the photovoltaic(PV)field is gaining traction as this material can be deployed in doping-free heterojunction solar cells with the role of electron selective *** modeling-based optimization of such contact,knowledge of the titanium oxide defect density of states(DOS)is *** this paper,we report a method to extract the defect density through nondestructive optical measures,including the contribution given by small polaron optical *** presence of both related to oxygen-vacancy defects and polarons is supported by the results of optical characterizations and the evaluation of previous observations resulting in a defect band fixed at 1 eV below the conduction band edge of the *** cells employing pulsed laser deposited-TiO_(2)electron selective contacts were fabricated and *** J-V curve of these cells showed,however,an S-shape,then a detailed analysis of the reasons for such behavior was carried *** use a model involving the series of a standard cell equivalent circuit with a Schottky junction in order to explain these atypical performances.A good matching between the experimental measurements and the adopted theoretical model was *** extracted parameters are listed and analyzed to shed light on the reasons behind the low-performance cells.

关键词： solar cell heterojunction photovoltaic(PV) defect density small polaron pulsed laser deposition(PLD) titanium dioxide(TiO_(2)) defects

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An Andean tectonic cycle:From crustal thickening to extension in a thin crust(34°-37°SL)

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Geoscience Frontiers 2014年第3期5卷 351-367页

作者： Victor A.Ramos Vanesa D.Litvak Andrés Folguera mauro Spagnuolo Laboratorio de Tectonica Andina del Instituto de Estudios Andinos Don Pablo GroeberCONICET-Universidad de Buenos AiresArgentina

Several orogenic cycles of mountain building and subsequent collapse associated with periods of shal- lowing and steepening of subduction zones have been recognized in recent years in the Andes. Most of them are characterized by widespread crustal delamination expressed by large calderas and rhyolitic flare-up produced by the injection of hot asthenosphere in the subduction wedge. These processes are related to the increase of the subduction angle during trench roll-back. The Payenia paleoflat-slab, in the southern Central Andes of Argentina and Chile （34° -37°S） recorded a complete cycle from crustal thickening and mountain uplift to extensional collapse and normal faulting, which are related to changes in the subduction geometry. The early stages are associated with magmatic expansion and migration, subsequent deformation and broken foreland. New ages and geochemical data show the middle to late Miocene expansion and migration of arc volcanism towards the foreland region was associated with important deformation in the Andean foothills. However, the main difference of this orogenic cycle with the previously described cycles is that the steepening of the oceanic subducted slab is linked to basaltic flooding of large areas in the retroarc under an extensional setting. Crustal delamination is concentrated only in a narrow central belt along the cordilleran axis. The striking differences between the two types of cycles are interpreted to be related to the crustal thickness when steepening the subducting slab, The crustal thickness of the Altiplano is over 60-80 km, whereas Payenia is less than 42 km in the axial part, and near 30 km in the retroarc foothills. The final extensional regime associated with the slab steepening favors the basaltic flooding of more than 8400 km3 in an area larger than 40,000 km2, through 800 central vents and large fissures. These characteristics are unique in the entire present-day Andes.

关键词： Andes Retroarc magmatism Basaltic floods Crustal delamination Flat-slab

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Visible Light-Induced 3D Bioprinting Technologies and Corresponding Bioink Materials for Tissue Engineering: A Review

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Engineering 2021年第7期7卷 966-978页

作者： Zizhuo Zheng David Eglin mauro Alini Geoff RRichards Ling Qin Yuxiao Lai Centre for Translational Medicine Research and Development Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China Key Laboratory of Health Informatics Shenzhen Institutes of Advanced TechnologyChinese Academy of SciencesShenzhen 518055China AO Research Institute Davos CH-7270Switzerland Musculoskeletal Research Laboratory Department of Orthopedics and TraumatologyThe Chinese University of Hong KongHong Kong 999077China Guangdong Engineering Laboratory of Biomaterials Additive Manufacturing Shenzhen 518055China

Three-dimensional(3D)bioprinting based on traditional 3D printing is an emerging technology that is used to precisely assemble biocompatible materials and cells or bioactive factors into advanced tissue engineering *** technology,particularly photo-cured bioprinting strategies,plays an important role in the field of tissue engineering *** successful implementation of 3D bioprinting is based on the properties of photopolymerized *** hydrogel is an attractive biomaterial that is polymerized rapidly and enables process control in space and *** is frequently initiated by ultraviolet(UV)or visible ***,UV light may cause cell damage and thereby,affect cell ***,visible light is considered to be more biocompatible than UV light for *** this review,we provide an overview of photo curing-based bioprinting technologies,and describe a visible light crosslinkable bioink,including its crosslinking mechanisms,types of visible light initiator,and biomedical *** also discuss existing challenges and prospects of visible light-induced 3D bioprinting devices and hydrogels in biomedical areas.

关键词： Medical additive manufacturing Bioink Tissue engineering 3D bioprinting

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Aqueous Supercapacitors on Conductive Cotton

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Nano Research 2010年第6期3卷 452-458页

作者： mauro Pasta Fabio La Mantia Liangbing Hu Heather Dawn Deshazer Yi Cui Dipartimento di Chimica Inorganica Metallorganica e Analitica“Lamberto Malatesta”Universitàdegli Studi di MilanoVia Venezian 2120133 MilanoItaly Department of Materials Science and Engineering Stanford UniversityStanfordCA 94305USA

Wearable electronics offer the combined advantages of both electronics and *** this article,we report the fabrication of wearable supercapacitors using cotton fabric as an essential *** nanotubes are conformally coated onto the cotton fibers,leading to a highly electrically conductive interconnecting *** porous carbon nanotube coating functions as both active material and current collector in the *** lithium sulfate is used as the electrolyte in the devices,because it presents no safety concerns for human *** supercapacitor shows high specific capacitance(~70-80 F·g^(-1) at 0.1 A·g^(-1))and cycling stability(negligible decay after 35,000 cycles).The extremely simple design and fabrication process make it applicable for providing power in practical electronic devices.

关键词： Supercapacitor wearable electronics energy storage carbon nanotubes

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USB powered devices:A survey of side-channel threats and countermeasures

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High-Confidence Computing 2021年第1期1卷 12-23页

作者： Hao Liu Riccardo Spolaor Federico Turrin Riccardo Bonafede mauro Conti School of Computer Science and Technology Shandong UniversityQingdaoChina Department of Mathematics University of PaduaPaduaItaly Department of Information Engineering University of PaduaPaduaItaly

Recent technological innovations lead to the rise of a plethora of portable electronic devices such as smartphones,small household appliances,and other IoT *** power or recharge the battery of such devices,manufac-turers identified in the ubiquitous Universal Serial Bus(USB)standard a convenient solution,as it enables both communication and energy ***,the default trust on USB ports has been exploited by hackers to extract highly sensitive user data on such *** the efforts by security experts and manufacturers to detect and block this threat,an even more stealthy approach to undermine users privacy relies on side-channel attacks on the USB interface,such as electromagnetic emissions and power *** this paper,we present a comprehensive survey of the state-of-the-art of side-channel analysis on the security of USB-powered *** from other surveys on USB-based attacks via the communication interface only,this survey considers research works that aim to infer or extract private information from the energy supply,the device itself,or unintentionally available *** particular,we consider this emergent trend of security work that was not previously considered in other surveys,such as the energy consumption and electromagnetic emission analyses,as well as Juice Filming Charging(JFC)*** first analyze the physical properties of the side-channels and technical characteristics of such research work,we then summarize the countermeasures proposed in the ***,we also identify some possible future directions to foster further research in this field.

关键词： Smart devices USB Side-channel Security

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Topological pruning enables ultra-low Rayleigh scattering in pressure-quenched silica glass

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npj Computational Materials 2020年第1期6卷 499-506页

作者： Yongjian Yang Osamu Homma Shingo Urata Madoka Ono John C.mauro Department of Materials Science and Engineering The Pennsylvania State UniversityUniversity ParkPA 16802USA Innovative Technology Research Center AGC Inc.1150 Hazawa-choKanagawa-ku YokohamaKanagawa 221-8755Japan Materials Integration Laboratories AGC Inc.1150 Hazawa-choKanagawa-ku YokohamaKanagawa 221-8755Japan Research Institute for Electronic Science Hokkaido UniversityKita 20 Nishi 10Kita-kuSapporoHokkaido 001-0020Japan

Silica glass is the most indispensable material in optical communication applications due to its superior optical *** transmission loss of silica glass has been reduced over the past 30 years by continuous efforts toward decreasing density fluctuations by lowering of fictive temperature,e.g.,through improvements in processing or doping.A recent study has shown that shrinkage of structural voids by hot compression is a promising way to further decrease the ***,an atomic understanding of the pressure effect is still ***,using molecular simulations,we connect the void shrinkage to topological pruning of silica *** physical models predict that the Rayleigh scattering loss of pressure-quenched silica glass can be reduced by>50%when the glass is quenched at an appropriate pressure(4 GPa in our simulation).Our studies are consistent with available experimental results and demonstrate topologically optimized structure can give desirable properties for optical applications of silica as well as other glasses with similar network structure.

关键词： properties structure glass

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Stem cells for end stage liver disease: How far have we got?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2008年第29期14卷 4593-4599页

作者： Stefania Lorenzini Stefano Gitto Elena Grandini Pietro Andreone mauro Bernardi Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica. Unità Operativa di Semeiotica Medica. University of Bologna Italy

End stage liver disease (ESLD) is a health problem worldwide. Liver transplantation is currently the only effective therapy, but its many drawbacks include a shortage of donors, operative damage, risk of rejection and in some cases recidivism of the pre-transplant disease. These factors account for the recent growing interest in regenerative medicine. Experiments have sought to identify an optimal source of stem cells, sufficient to generate large amounts of hepatocytes to be used in bioartificial livers or injected in vivo to repair the diseased organ. This update aims to give non-stem cell specialists an overview of the results obtained to date in this fascinating field of biomedical research.

关键词： End stage liver disease Liver failuretreatment Stem cells Regenerative medicine

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Multiscale Hemodynamics Using GPU Clusters

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Communications in Computational Physics 2012年第1期11卷 48-64页

作者： mauro Bisson Massimo Bernaschi Simone Melchionna Sauro Succi Efthimios Kaxiras Department of Computer Science University of Rome“Sapienza”Italy Istituto Applicazioni Calcolo Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheRomeItaly Istituto Processi Chimico-Fisici Consiglio Nazionale delle RicercheRomeItaly Institute of Material Sciences and Engineering ´Ecole Polytechnique F´ed´erale de LausanneSwitzerland Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies School of Soft Matter ResearchAlbertstr.1979104 FreiburgGermany Department of Physics and School of Engineering and Applied Sciences Harvard UniversityCambridgeMAUSA

The parallel implementation of MUPHY,a concurrent multiscale code for large-scale hemodynamic simulations in anatomically realistic geometries,for multi-GPU platforms is *** tests show excellent results,with a nearly linear parallel speed-up on up to 32GPUs and a more than tenfold GPU/CPU acceleration,all across the range of *** basic MUPHY scheme combines a hydrokinetic(Lattice Boltzmann)representation of the blood plasma,with a Particle Dynamics treatment of suspended biological bodies,such as red blood *** the best of our knowledge,this represents the first effort in the direction of laying down general design principles for multiscale/physics parallel Particle Dynamics applications in non-ideal *** configures the present multi-GPU version of MUPHY as one of the first examples of a high-performance parallel code for multiscale/physics biofluidic applications in realistically complex geometries.

关键词： Multi-GPU computing hemodynamics molecular dynamics irregular domain

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Bone marrow derived stem cells for the treatment of end-stage liver disease

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2014年第27期20卷 9098-9105页

作者： Cristina Margini Ranka Vukotic Lucia Brodosi mauro Bernardi Pietro Andreone Dipartimento di Scienze mediche e Chirurgiche Unità Operativa di Semeiotica Medica University of Bologna

End-stage disease due to liver cirrhosis is an important cause of death worldwide. Cirrhosis results from progressive, extensive fibrosis and impaired hepatocyte regeneration. The only curative treatment is liver transplantation, but due to the several limitations of this procedure, the interest in alternative therapeutic strategies is increasing. In particular, the potential of bone marrow stem cell(BMSC) therapy in cirrhosis has been explored in different trials. In this article, we evaluate the results of 18 prospective clinical trials, and we provide a descriptive overview of recent advances in the research on hepatic regenerative medicine. The main message from the currently available data in the literature is that BMSC therapy is extremely promising in the context of liver cirrhosis. However, its application should be further explored in randomized, controlled trials with large cohorts and long follow-ups.

关键词： Liver cirrhosis Liver regeneration Hematopoietic stem cells Mesenchymal stem cells End stage liver disease

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Full-fat insect meals in ruminant nutrition:in vitro rumen fermentation characteristics and lipid biohydrogenation

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2023年第3期14卷 1102-1117页

作者： Manuela Renna mauro Coppa Carola Lussiana Aline Le Morvan Laura Gasco Gaelle Maxin Department of Veterinary Sciences University of TurinLargo P.Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly Independent Researcher Universite Clermont AuvergneINRAEVetAgro SupUMR 1213 HerbivoresSaint‑Genes‑ChampanelleFrance Department of Agricultural Forest and Food SciencesUniversity of TurinLargo P.Braccini 210095 GrugliascoTOItaly Universite Clermont Auvergne INRAEVetAgro SupUMR 1213 HerbivoresSaint‑Genes‑ChampanelleFrance.

Background:The most used protein sources in ruminant nutrition are considered as having negative impacts in terms of environmental sustainability and competition with human ***,the investigation of alternative and sustainable feedstuffs is becoming a priority in ruminant production ***:This trial was designed to evaluate eight full-fat insect meals(Acheta domesticus–ACD;Alphitobius diaperinus–ALD;Blatta lateralis–BL;Gryllus bimaculatus–GB;Grylloides sygillatus–GS;Hermetia illucens–HI;Musca domestica–MD;and Tenebrio molitor–TM)as potential protein and lipid sources in ruminant *** parameters and fatty acids(FA)of rumen digesta after 24-h in vitro ruminal incubation of the tested insect meals were measured and compared with those of three plant-based meals(soybean meal,rapeseed meal and sunflower meal)and fishmeal(FM).Similarly to FM,the insect meals led to a significantly lower total gas production(on average,1.75vs.4.64 mmol/g dry matter-DM),methane production(on average,0.33 vs.0.91 mmol/g DM),volatile FA production(on average,4.12 vs.7.53 mmol/g DM),and in vitro organic matter disappearance(on average,0.32 vs.0.59 g/g)than those observed for the plant *** insect meals also led to lower ammonia of rumen fluid,when expressed as a proportion of total N(on average,0.74 vs.0.52 for the plant and insect meals,respectively),which could be an advantage provided that intestinal digestibility is *** in ruminal fermentation parameters between the insect meals could be partially explained by their chitin,crude protein and ether extract contents,as well as by their FA *** particular,high content of polyunsaturated FA,or C12:0(in HI),seems to partially inhibit the ruminal ***:The tested full-fat insect meals appear to be potentially an interesting protein and lipid source for ruminants,alternative to the less sustainable and commonly used ones of plant *** FA profile of the rum

关键词： Ammonia Fatty acids In vitro digestibility Methane Nutritive value

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