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State of the art and computational aspects of time-dependent waiting models for non-signalised intersections

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2020年第6期7卷 808-831页

作者： Raffaele mauro Andrea Pompigna Department of Civil Environmental and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of TrentoTrento 38123Italy

Time-dependent models are of great importance in highway engineering as they are appropriate for evaluating waiting times and queue lengths at intersections,which are integral parts of various activities in planning,verification and decision support for *** reviewing the literature of the main time-dependent models based on the coordinate transformation method and a discussion about some computational issues in time-evolution profiles for non-signalised intersections,the paper identifies the requirements these models have to satisfy in order to be used as"basic"cases for analysing complex evolutionary ***"basic"cases are presented with their timedependent equations for vehicle waiting times and vehicle number;they have been completed and dimensionally homogenised in this *** they are recursive,these formulas can be applied for sequential intervals in the time domain in both vehicles and passenger car *** closed-form expressions for state variables show to be mutually equivalent in comparison with discrete event simulation models and imbedded Markov chain *** all the three models the paper presents a common deterministic simplification for average waiting time,with good approximation results in the tested *** proposed time-dependent formulas will contribute to a better adherence to the real phenomena,compared to the extremely simplified and unrealistic methods suggested by the international manuals for level of service *** proposed formulas will be useful for current applications and possible future development in order to meet the emerging needs of road and transport engineering.

关键词： Traffic engineering Priority system Non-signalised intersections Time-dependent queue model Shared queue delay Coordinate transformation method

A multi-class time-dependent model for the analysis of waiting phenomena at a motorway tollgate

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Journal of Traffic and Transportation Engineering(English Edition) 2021年第2期8卷 237-256页

作者： Andrea Pompigna Raffaele mauro Department of Civil Environmental and Mechanical EngineeringUniversity of TrentoTrento 38123Italy

The planning, design and operational management of motorway toll booths are of great interest in traffic engineering, as these facilities directly influence the quality of the service offered to users. This paper focuses on a time-dependent queue model based on the coordinates transformation criterion for operations assessment at a motorway tollgate. This model allows to face the whole spectrum of situations that may characterize a toll booth,some of which often fall outside the boundaries of the probabilistic theory for stationary *** paper proposes an M=G=1 multi-class queue model for the evaluation of evolutionary profiles of waiting times and queue lengths by closed-form equations. The results obtained for three numerical test cases show a good approximation level, compared with the mean values of queue parameters obtained reiterating a discrete-state simulation *** proposed time-dependent equations will be useful in technical cases, allowing to operate quickly and compactly even when probabilistic queue theory is not applicable or produce unrealistic results, and the burden of complexity of the simulation approach is not conveniently absorbable. The discussion highlights a significant flexibility of the model proposed in addressing situations with conventional vehicles, i.e., with total human control and proposes some considerations for application in future scenarios with the presence of connected vehicles(CVs).

关键词： Traffic engineering Time-dependent queue model Shared queue Coordinate transformation method Tollgate

Magnetic challenge against gastroesophageal reflux

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2021年第48期27卷 8227-8241页

作者： mauro Bortolotti Via Massarenti 48 Bologna 40138Italy

Almost 15 years have passed since the first paper on the possibility of using magnets to prevent gastro-esophageal reflux(GER)was published and so it is time to assess the results obtained with the first magnetic device available on the market,the Linx magnetic sphincter augmentation(MSA)and to consider what other options are *** demonstrated an anti-reflux activity similar to that of Nissen fundoplication,considered the“gold standard”surgical treatment for GER disease,and caused less gas-bloating and a better ability to allow vomiting and ***,unlike Nissen fundoplication,this magnetic device is burdened by complications,which are roughly similar to those of the non-magnetic anti-reflux Angelchik prosthesis,that,after considerable use in the eighties,was shelved due to these *** is interesting to note that some of these complications show the same pathophysiological mechanism in both *** upcoming new magnetic devices should avoid these complications,as their anti-reflux magnetic mechanism is completely *** experiments in animals regarding these new magnetic appliances were examined,remarking their advantages and drawbacks,but the way to apply them in surgical practice is long and difficult,although worthy,as they represent the future of magnetic surgery.

关键词： Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Magnetic sphincter augmentation device Nissen fundoplication Angelchik prosthesis Lower esophageal sphincter Dysphagia

Cognitive impairment in heart failure patients

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Journal of Geriatric Cardiology 2014年第4期11卷 316-328页

作者： Laura Leto mauro Feola School of Geriatry University of Turin Italy Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Heart Failure Unit Ospedale SS Trinita ' Via Ospedale 4-12045 Fossano Italy

Cognitive damage in heart failure （HF） involves different domains thus interfering with the ability for single patient to self-care and to cope with treatment regimens, modifying symptoms and health behaviours. Many cerebral and functional changes were detected in brain imaging, involving areas of both grey and white matter deputed to cognition. Although various instruments are available to explore cognition, no consensus was obtained on better tools to be used in HF population. Reduction in cerebral blood flow, decreased cardiac output, altera-tions of cerebrovascular reactivity and modification of blood pressure levels are the main features involved in the etiopathogenetic mecha-nisms of cognitive deficit. Several cardiac variables, laboratory parameters, demographic and clinical elements were studied for their possible relation with cognition and should be properly evaluated to define patients at increased risk of impairment. The present review gathers avail-able data pointing out assured information and discussing possible areas of research development.

关键词： Heart failure Cognitive impairment Blood pressure

The Wnt/β-catenin signaling:a multifunctional target for neuroprotective and regenerative strategies in Parkinson's disease

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Neural Regeneration Research 2023年第2期18卷 306-308页

作者： Annalucia Serafino mauro Cozzolino Institute of Translational Pharmacology-National Research Council of Italy RomeItaly

Parkinson's disease(PD)is the most frequent movement disorder and the second most prevalent age-related neurodegenerative disease(ND)*** the clinical point of view,it is characterized by severe motor complications,inc... 详细信息

关键词： protective clinical rigidity

Optical absorption of （Ag-Au）133（SCH3）52 bimetallic monolayer-protected clusters

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Progress in Natural Science:Materials International 2016年第5期26卷 467-476页

作者： Alessandro Fortunelli mauro Stener CNR-ICCOM Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche e Farmaceutiche Università di Trieste

The evolution of the optical absorption spectrum of bimetallic Ag-Au monolayer-protected clusters（MPC）obtained by progressively doping Ag into the experimentally known structure of Au133（SR）52was predicted via rigorous time-dependent density-functional theory（TDDFT） calculations. In addition to monometallic Au133（SR）52and Ag133（SR）52species, 5 different（Ag-Au）133（SCH3）52homotops were considered with varying Ag content and site positioning, and their electronic structure and optical response were analyzed in terms of Projected Density Of States（PDOS）, the induced or transition electron density, and Transition Component Maps（TCM） at selected excitation energies. It was found that Ag doping led to the effects rather different from those encountered in bare metal clusters. And it was also observed that Ag doping could produce structured spectral features, especially in the 3–4 eV range but also in the optical region if Ag atoms were located in the sub-staple region, as rationalized by the accompanying electronic analysis. Additionally, Au doping into the staples of Ag-rich MPC also gave rise to a more homogeneous induced electron density. These findings show the great sensitivity of the electronic response of MPC nanoalloy systems to the exact location of the alloying sites.

关键词： Nanoalloys Gold nanomolecules Electronic excited states Homotops Transition electron density

Is patient satisfaction sufficient to validate endoscopic anti-reflux treatments?

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第28期28卷 3743-3746页

作者： mauro Bortolotti Department of Internal Medicine and Gastroenterology S.Orsola-Malpighi PolyclinicUniversity of BolognaBologna 40138Italy

Endoscopic anti-reflux treatment is emerging as a new option for gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD)treatment in patients with the same indications as for laparoscopic *** are many techniques,the first of which are transoral incisionless fundoplication(TIF)and nonablative radio-frequency(STRETTA)that have been tested with comparative studies and randomized controlled trials,whereas the other more recent ones still require a deeper *** purpose of the latter is to verify whether reflux is abolished or significantly reduced after intervention,whether there is a valid high pressure zone at the gastroesophageal junction,and whether esophagitis,when present,has *** in a certain number of cases,and especially in the more recently introduced ones,the evaluation has been based almost exclusively on subjective criteria,such as improvement in the quality of life,remission of heartburn and regurgitation,and reduction or suspension of antacid and antisecretory drug ***,with the most studied techniques such as TIF and STRETTA,an improvement in symptoms better than that of laparoscopic fundoplication can often be observed,whereas the number of acid episodes and acid exposure time are similar or higher,as if the acid refluxes are better tolerated by these *** suspicion of a local hyposensitivity taking place after antireflux endoscopic intervention seems confirmed by a Bernstein test at least for *** examination should be done for all the other techniques,both old and new,to identify the ones that reassure rather than *** conclusion,the evaluation of the effectiveness of the endoscopic anti-reflux techniques should not be based exclusively on subjective criteria,but should also be confirmed by objective examinations,because there might be a gap between the improvement in symptoms declared by the patient and the underlying pathophysiologic alterations of GERD.

关键词： Endoscopic anti-reflux treatment Transoral incisionless fundoplication Nonablative radio-frequency Anti-reflux mucosectomy Gastro-esophageal reflux disease Laparoscopic Nissen fundoplication

Intravascular contrast agents in diagnostic applications： Use of red blood cells to improve the lifespan and efficacy of blood pool contrast agents

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Nano Research 2017年第3期10卷 731-766页

作者： Antonella Antonelli Carla Sfara mauro Magnani Department of Biomolecular Sciences Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Section University of Urbino 'Carlo Bo' Via Saffi 2 61029Urbino (PU) Italy

In medicine, discrimination between pathologies and normal areas is of great importance, and in most cases, such discrimination is made possible by novel imaging technologies. Numerous modalities have been developed to visualize tissue vascularization in cardiovascular diseases or during angiogenic and vasculogenic processes. Here, we report the recent advances in vasculature imaging, providing an overview of the current non-invasive approaches in biomedical diagnostics and potential future strategies for prognostic assessment of vessel diseases, such as aneurysms and coronary artery occlusion leading to myocardial infarction. There are several contrast agents （CAs） available to improve the visibility of specific tissues at the early stage of diseases, allowing for rapid treatment. However, CAs are also hampered by numerous limitations, including rapid diffusion from blood vessels into the interstitial space, toxicity, and low sensitivity. Extravasation from blood vessels leads to a rapid loss of the image. If the contrast medium can fully be confined to the vascular space, high-resolution structural and functional vascular imaging could be obtained. Many scientists have contributed new materials and/or new carrier systems. For example, the use of red blood cells （RBCs） as CA-delivery systems appears to provide a scalable alternative to current procedures that allows adequate vascular imaging. Recognition and removal of CAs from the circulation can be prevented and/or delayed by using RBCs as biomimetic CA-carriers, and this technology should be clinically validated.

关键词： diagnostic applications magnetic resonanceimaging (MRI) vascular contrast agents red blood cells medical imaging new tomography

The role of grain boundaries in solid-state Li-metal batteries

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Materials Futures 2023年第1期2卷 104-120页

作者： Emily Milan mauro Pasta Department of Materials University of OxfordOxford OX13PHUnited Kingdom The Faraday Institution Didcot OX110RAUnited Kingdom

Despite the potential advantages promised by solid-state batteries,the success of solid-state electrolytes has not yet been fully *** is due in part to the lower ionic conductivity of solid *** many solid superionic conductors,grain boundaries are found to be ionically resistive and hence contribute to this lower ionic ***,in spite of the hope that solid electrolytes would inhibit lithium filaments,in most scenarios their growth is still observed,and in some polycrystalline systems this is suggested to occur along grain *** is apparent that grain boundaries affect the performance of solid-state electrolytes,however a deeper understanding is *** this perspective,the current theories relating to grain boundaries in solid-state electrolytes are explored,as well as addressing some of the challenges which arise when trying to investigate their *** are presented as a possible solution to reduce the effect of grain boundaries in *** research directions are suggested which will aid in both understanding the role of grain boundaries,and diminishing their contribution in cases where they are detrimental.

关键词： solid electrolytes grain boundaries lithium growth glasses