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Observed versus estimated actual trend of COVID-19 case numbers in Cameroon:A data-driven modelling

Infectious Disease Modelling 2023年第1期8卷 228-239页

作者： Arsène Brunelle Sandie Mathurin Cyrille Tejiokem Cheikh Mbacké Faye Achta Hamadou Aristide Abah Abah Serge Sadeuh Mbah Paul Alain Tagnouokam-Ngoupo Richard Njouom Sara Eyangoh Ngu Karl Abanda Maryam Diarra Slimane Ben Miled maurice tchuente Jules Brice Tchatchueng-Mbougua African Population and Health Research Center West Africa Regional OfficeDakarSenegal Centre Pasteur du Cameroon membre du Réseau International des Instituts PasteurCameroon Direction de la lutte contre les Maladiesépidémiques et les pandémies Ministere de la santépubliqueCameroon Fondation pour la recherche l'ingénierie et l'innovation Cameroon Institut Pasteur de Dakar DakarSenegal Institut Pasteur de Tunis TunisTunisia IRD UMI 209 UMMISCO University of Yaounde IP.O.Box 337YaoundeCameroon

Controlling the COVID-19 outbreak remains a challenge for Cameroon,as it is for many other countries *** number of confirmed cases reported by health authorities in Cameroon is based on observational data,which is not nationally *** actual extent of the outbreak from the time when the first case was reported in the country to now remains *** study aimed to estimate and model the actual trend in the number of COVID-19 new infections in Cameroon from March 05,2020 to May 31,2021 based on an observed disaggregated *** used a large disaggregated dataset,and multilevel regression and poststratification model was applied prospectively for COVID-19 cases trend estimation in Cameroon from March 05,2020 to May 31,***,seasonal autoregressive integrated moving average(SARIMA)modeling was used for forecasting *** on the prospective MRP modeling findings,a total of about 7450935(30%)of COVID-19 cases was estimated from March 05,2020 to May 31,2021 in ***,the reported number of COVID-19 infection cases in Cameroon during this period underestimated the estimated actual number by about 94 *** forecasting indicated a succession of two waves of the outbreak in the next two years following May 31,*** no action is taken,there could be many waves of the outbreak in the *** avoid such situations which could be a threat to global health,public health Abbreviations:ACF,Autocorrelation Function;AIC,Akaike information criterion;COVID-19,Coronavirus Disease 2019;MAE,Mean Absolute Error;MAPE,Mean Absolute Percentage Error;MASE,Mean Absolute Scaled Error;ME,Mean Error;MPE,Mean Percentage Error;MRP,Multilevel Regression and Post-stratification;PACF,Partial Autocorrelation Function;PLACARD,Platform for Collecting,Analyzing and Reporting Data;SARIMA,Seasonal Autoregressive integrated moving average;SARS-CoV-2,Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2.

关键词： Cameroon COVID-19 Forecasting Observed Post-stratification Underestimated

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Antisalmonellal and antioxidant potential of hydroethanolic extract of Canarium schweinfurthii Engl.(Burseraceae) in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium-infected chicks

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine 2019年第11期9卷 474-483页

作者： Jean Baptiste Sokoudjou Siméon Pierre Chegaing Fodouop Flavie Gaelle Djoueudam Norbert Kodjio JeanRaphael Kana Alain Bertrand Fowa Gabriel tchuente Kamsu Donatien Gatsing Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances Research Unit Faculty of ScienceUniversity of DschangCameroon Department of Biomedical Sciences University of NgaoundéréCameroon Animal Production and Nutrition Research Unit Faculty of Agronomy and Agricultural SciencesUniversity of DschangCameroon

Objective:To evaluate the anti-infectious and antioxidant activities of hydroethanolic extract of Canarium schweinfurthii on broiler chickens infected by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium,known to be threatening public ***:Animals were divided into six groups of eight animals per group:the normal control group,negative control group,positive control group and three test groups receiving the plant extract at 5,19 and 75 mg/kg bw,*** evolution of the disease as well as the effectiveness of the treatment were monitored by stool culture from the second day post infection until the end of the *** addition,the effects of treatment on growth performances and feed conversion efficiency of broilers were *** the assessment of antioxidant status,enzymatic and non-enzymatic biomarkers such as catalase,glutathione peroxidase,malondialdehyde and nitric oxide were evaluated in the serum and tissues of ***:The infected chickens treated with oxytetracycline recovered on day 7 after treatment,while animals treated with 19 and 75 mg/kg of Canarium schweinfurthii extract recovered on day 9 and those with 5 mg/kg of the extract on day *** infection caused a decrease on catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities;the administration of various doses of Canarium schweinfurthii extract increased these enzymatic *** receiving the extract at 5 mg/kg showed a significant increase in catalase activity in serum,heart and lungs while all concentrations of the extract significantly increased glutathione peroxidase activity in the serum,liver and *** non-enzymatic biomarkers,Salmonella infection caused a significant increase of nitric oxide and malondialdehyde concentration in the liver and *** with 75 mg/kg of the extract significantly reduced nitric oxide concentration in the heart and lungs while each dose of the extract reduced and normalized the malondialdehyde level in the serum.A

关键词： Avian salmonellosis Antisalmonellal efficacy Canarium schweinfurthii Salmonella Typhimurium Antioxidant activity

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Geological Context Mapping of Batouri Gold District (East Cameroon) from Remote Sensing Imagering, GIS Processing and Field Works

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Journal of Geographic Information System 2019年第6期11卷 766-783页

作者： Bissegue Jean-Claude Tchameni Rigobert Etouna Joachim Fosso tchuente Périclex Danra Moh Guela Guy Basile Department of Earth Sciences Faculty of Science University of Ngaoundéré Ngaoundéré Cameroon National Institute of Cartography (INC) Yaounde Cameroon

The Batouri area is located in the Adamawa-Yade domain in East Cameroon region, and has a high geological potential as a host for gold deposits. It is covered by thick forest where outcrops are sometime scarce. The purpose of this study is to generate and combine different geological information which makes up the specificity of the Batouri gold District, in order to contribute to the better knowledge of its geological setting. From satellite imageries, GIS tools and field data;lithological units, lineament and density maps have been dressed at regional-scale of 1/400.000. The mapping has enabled the discovery of spatial and topologic relationships between shear zones, lineaments, gold occurrences and often mineralized granitic intrusions. According to the field data, lithological and lineament maps, the lithology of the Batouri gold District is characterized by alkali granitoids (tonalite, granodiorite, syenomonzo-granite, alkaline granite) hosted by orthogneisses and migmatites as gold mineralization hosts;while the lineaments show a major shear zones trending NE-SW defined by presence of mylonites. The shear zones crosscut all lithologies, mostly granodiorite where majority of gold occurrences is observed;locally, nearest these shear zones, rocks are transformed to the mylonites and gold is concentrated along. From density map, it is shown that the high gold mineralization zone corresponds to highest lineaments density. All those data suggest that gold mineralization in the Batouri district is controlled by tectonic and lithology. It is conclusive that Batouri gold deposit is epigenetic gold set emplaced in orogenic setting, during the post-collisional stage of the Central African Fold Belt (CAFB) and the Congo Craton (CC).

关键词： Mapping Remote Sensing Landsat 8 OLI SRTM GIS Batouri Gold District

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Pap Smear Screening, the Way Forward for Prevention of Cervical Cancer? A Community Based Study in the Buea Health District, Cameroon

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Open Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 2015年第4期5卷 226-233页

作者： Gregory Edie Halle Ekane Thomas Egbe Obinchemti Charlotte tchuente Nguefack Desmond Molar Nkambfu Robert Tchounzou Dickson Nsagha Georges Mangala Nkwele George Enow Orock Department of Surgery and Obstetrics/Gynaecology Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics Douala General Hospital Douala Cameroon Faculty of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences University of Douala Douala Cameroon Department of Public Health and Hygiene Faculty of Health Sciences University of Buea Buea Cameroon Department of Gynaecology & Obstetrics Buea Regional Hospital Buea Cameroon

Introduction: Cancer of the cervix is the second most common gynecologic malignancy in the world due to lack of awareness and poor uptake of cervical cancer screening services especially in low income countries. In Cameroon, though there is a national cervical cancer-screening program the service has been limited to some main cities without an appreciable impact. Aims: The objectives of this study were to determine the knowledge, attitude, practice towards Pap smear screening, thus evaluating its suitability as a screening procedure in Cameroon, through this pilot study in the Buea Health District. Methods: The study was a community-based cross-sectional descriptive survey that involved 309 women. Women from 18 years were enrolled for the study from 9th?October to 20th?November 2013. Results: The mean age of the participants was 32.3 years (SD = 11.7 years). Most of the women (29.5%) who had gone for the Pap test were in the 41 - 50 years age group. Only 3.6% of the study participants had “good” knowledge of cervical cancer and Pap smear screening. Approximately 20% of the women had a previous Pap smear test with 55.7% of them having the test just once. Eighty two percent of those who had secondary and tertiary levels of education had never had a Pap smear test. Awareness of risk factors for cervical cancer was low. Fear of pain, positive results after screening, non-curability of cervical cancer were some factors associated with a low Pap test uptake (p < 0.05). Conclusion: There is poor knowledge and perceived barriers by women about Pap smear screening and follow-up services. For an impact to be made in the prevention of cervical cancer, Pap smear screening is not the preferred method because of these limitations in this community.

关键词： Cervical Cancer Pap Smear Knowledge Attitude Buea

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Synthesis, Structural Characterization and Antimicrobial Activity of a Novel Cobalt(II) Complex Based on 3-Methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-Thienoyl)-Pyrazol-5-One

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Journal of Modern Physics 2023年第8期14卷 109-126页

作者： Emeline Sorelle Mefouegang Claudelle Sybilline Anensong Djadock Golngar Djimassingar Gabriel tchuente Kamsu Donald Raoul Tchuifon Tchuifon Alain Charly Tagne Kuate Dirk Bockfeld Jean Ngoune Research Unit of Noxious Chemistry and Environmental Engineering Department of Chemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Fundamental Sciences Mongo Polytechnique University Institute (IUPM) Mongo Chad Research Unit of Microbiology and Antimicrobial Substances Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Department of Process Engineering Laboratory of Energy Materials Modeling and Method National Higher Polytechnic School of Douala University of Douala Douala Cameroon Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry Technical University of Braunschweig Braunschweig Germany

New cobalt(II) complex, [Co(O2C15H11N2S)2(OH2)2]∙2H2O (1∙2H2O), has been synthesized upon reaction of cobalt chloride hexahydrate (Co(Cl)2∙6H2O) with 3-methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-thienoyl)-pyrazol-5-one (referred as HL) in ethanol at room temperature. Single crystal X-ray diffraction (XRD), spectroscopic methods, and microelemental analyses were used to characterize 1∙2H2O. Compound 1∙2H2O crystallizes in the orthorhombic crystal system with a Pbca space group and with the cobalt atom being pseudo-octahedral coordinated. The broth microdilution technique was used to screen the free ligand (HL) and the complex (1∙2H2O) for antimicrobial activities. HL has a low activity (MIC > 100 μg/mL) on all microorganisms, whereas compound 1∙2H2O displayed moderate activity (10 ∙2H2O exhibited bactericidal and fungicidal activity respectively on all the bacteria and yeasts tested. These findings reveal that the antimicrobial activity of HL was enhanced upon coordination to Co(II) ion against all microorganisms (bacteria and fungus).

关键词： Cobalt Acylpyrazolone X-Ray Diffraction Antimicrobial Activity 3-Methyl-1-Phenyl-4-(2-Thienoyl)-Pyrazol-5-One

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Assessment of Dietary Habits and Nutritional Status of Women of Childbearing Age in Cameroon: A Cross Sectional Study

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Open Journal of Epidemiology 2020年第4期10卷 369-392页

作者： Christelle Momdjo M’bobda Judith Laure Ngondi Françoise Raïssa Ntentie Boris Ronald Tonou tchuente Maxwell Wandji Nguedjo Boris Gabin Kingue Azantsa Julius Enyong Oben Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaoundé I Yaounde Cameroon Higher Teacher’s and Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon Centre for Food and Nutrition Research IMPM Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation Yaounde Cameroon

Background: Malnutrition due to poor feeding habits, is still a serious public health issue in Cameroon. The objective of this study was to assess the dietary patterns and nutritional status of women of childbearing age in various geographical settings in Cameroon so as to propose intervention strategies. Methods: In a cross sectional study conducted from January 2014 to August 2015, women aged 14 - 49 years were randomly selected from the capital city Yaounde and four regions of Cameroon. Anthropometric measures were collected for nutritional status assessment. Data on diet habits and socio-demographic parameters were collected. Results: 608 women of reproductive age with average age 34.68 ± 0.39 years made up the study. Dietary patterns assessment revealed that, most study participants had a frequent intake of carbohydrate rich foods and fats and oils rich foods;but an infrequent intake of protein rich foods and vitamin and minerals rich foods in a week. Nutritional status assessment revealed that, 2.1% were underweight, 28.6% had a normal weight, 30.8% overweight, and 38.5% obese. The grass field regions presented the highest prevalence of underweight, overweight and obesity. Higher malnutrition levels were linked to low intakes of pulses and beans;milk and dairy products;vegetables and fruits food groups. Conclusion: Women of the study population had an unhealthy dietary pattern and a poor nutritional status. Therefore, strategies such as nutritional education are warranted and should be age and region specific, so as to target specific groups of women and ensure adequate nutritional status and health.

关键词： Diet Pattern Nutritional Status Childbearing Age Women Cameroon

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Characterization of Dyslipidemia and Assessment of Atherogenic Risk amongst Cameroonian Living in Yaounde: A Cross Sectional Study

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Journal of Biosciences and Medicines 2019年第7期7卷 35-50页

作者： Huguette Cecile Mafo Yangoua Boris Gabin Kingue Azantsa Dieudonne Kuate Franç oise Raissa Ntentie Maxwell Wandji Nguedjo Jacob Tchinda Nkougni Boris Ronald Tonou tchuente Judith Laure Ngondi Julius Oben Laboratory of Nutrition and Nutritional Biochemistry Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaounde 1 Yaounde Cameroon Centre for Food and Nutrition Research IMPM Ministry of Scientific Research and Innovation Yaounde Cameroon Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Dschang Dschang Cameroon Higher Teaching’ Training College University of Maroua Maroua Cameroon

Background: This study was conducted to evaluate the lipid profile in nutritional categories, to characterize dyslipidemia and assess cardiovascular risk, to describe association between anthropometric markers, incidence of dyslipidemia and cardiovascular risk in Cameroonian adults. Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted in Yaoundé from April 2014-June 2015. It included 1986 individuals, aged 20 - 65 years, both males (30.7%) and females (69.3%). Blood pressure, anthropometric measurement including weight, height, body fat, waist and hip circumference were performed. BMI was used to define nutritional status. Blood analysis included total cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and triglycerides, insulin. Dyslipidemia was defined as hypercholesterolemia, hypertriglyceridemia, low HDL-cholesterolemia and combined dyslipidemia. Atherogenic indexes were calculated for assessment of the cardiovascular risk. Results: Out of the 1986 participants, 544 (27.4%), 616 (31%), and 826 (41.6%) were normal weight, overweight and obese respectively. In obese, lipid profile varied according to gender (p 5) was (40.50%). Low HDL-cholesterolemia (75.4%) was the main lipid abnormality found, independently of gender, age, fat location. Waist circumference (WC) unlike body mass index (BMI) and body fatness was associated to hypercholesterolemia. Conclusion: Low HDL-cholesterolemia and high atherogenic risk profile are more prevalent amongst Cameroonian adults. Promotion of healthy lifestyle including good eating habits shall be encouraged to reduce mortality from cardiovascular disease complications.

关键词： Dyslipidemia Obesity Atherognic Risk Lipid Markers Cameroon

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Towards interruption of schistosomiasis transmission in sub-Saharan Africa:developing an appropriate environmental surveillance framework to guide and to support‘end game’interventions

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 78-88页

作者： J.Russell Stothard Suzy J.Campbell Mike Y.Osei-Atweneboana Timothy Durant Michelle C.Stanton Nana-Kwadwo Biritwum David Rollinson Dieudonne R.Eloundou Ombede Louis-Albert Tchuem-tchuente Department of Parasitology Liverpool School of Tropical MedicinePembroke PlaceLiverpool L35QAUK Department of Environmental Biology and Health Council for Scientific and Industrial Research-Water Research InsituteP.O.Box M 32AccraGhana Neglected Tropical Diseases Programme Ghana Health ServicesAccraGhana Department of Life Sciences Natural History MuseumCromwell RoadLondon SW75BDUK Centre for Schistosomiasis and Parasitology YaoundeCameroon Laboratory of Parasitology and Ecology Faculty of SciencesUniversity of YaoundeIYaoundeCameroon National Programme for the Control of Schistosomiasis and Intestinal Helminthiasis Ministry of Public HealthYaoundeCameroon

Schistosomiasis is a waterborne parasitic disease in sub-Saharan Africa,particularly common in rural populations living in impoverished *** the scale-up of preventive chemotherapy,national campaigns will transition from morbidity-to transmission-focused interventions thus formal investigation of actual or expected declines in environmental transmission is needed as‘end game’scenarios ***,there are no international or national guidelines to do so in sub-Saharan *** article therefore provides an introduction to key practicalities and pitfalls in the development of an appropriate environmental surveillance *** this context,we discuss how strategies need to be adapted and tailored to the local level to better guide and support future interventions through this *** detection of egg-patent infection in people becomes rare,careful sampling of schistosome larvae in freshwater and in aquatic snails with robust species-specific DNA assays will be *** metrics,derived from observed prevalence(s)as compared with predetermined thresholds,could each provide a clearer insight into contamination-and exposure-related *** could be twofold,first to certify areas currently free from schistosomiasis transmission or second to red-flag recalcitrant locations where extra effort or alternative interventions are needed.

关键词： Environmental monitoring Freshwater snails eDNA WASH Zoonosis

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Dietary Diversity and Food Security Status among Cameroonian Adults Living in Semi-Urban Areas: A Cross-Sectional Study

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Food and Nutrition Sciences 2024年第7期15卷 548-564页

作者： Tonou Boris Ronald tchuente Pauline Vervaine Hagbe Eliane Flore Eyenga Kemadjou Ruth Edwige Dibacto Ngassa Dany Joël Ngoumen Fotso Janvier Aime Youovop Nguemto Roussel Guy Takuissu Judith Laure Ngondi Julius Enyong Oben Department of Biochemistry Faculty of Science University of Yaound 1 Yaound Cameroon Centre for Food Food Security and Nutrition Research Institute of Medical Research and Medicinal Plant Studies Yaound Cameroon Center of Nutrition and Functional Foods Yaound Cameroon

Introduction: Food security is one of the greatest challenges that most African countries face. It is a concept that considers not only food quantity but also food quality. The objective of this study was to describe dietary diversity and food security status at the individual level in Cameroonian populations. Methods: A total of 1180 men and women aged 20 and over and living in the West, North West, and Littoral regions of Cameroon were recruited. Data on dietary habits were collected through the frequency of consumption of various food groups. Dietary diversity was assessed using a 24-hour dietary recall. Food security status was determined by combining two indicators (food consumption score and individual food diversity score). Results: The mean dietary diversity score of the population was 3.53 ± 1.44, p Conclusion: The diet diversity of adults living in the West, North West, and Littoral regions of Cameroon is medium. Although half of the study population was food secure, there is a need to implement food security policies further to reduce food insecurity among the Cameroonian population.

关键词： Dietary Diversity Individual Food Security Littoral West North West Cameroon

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Hybridization increases genetic diversity in Schistosoma haematobium populations infecting humans in Cameroon

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第2期11卷 100-100页

作者： Felicite Flore Djuikwo Teukeng Manon Blin Nicolas Bech Marta Reguera Gomez Rima Zein-Eddine Alain Michel Kouam Simo Jean-Francois Allienne Louis Albert Tchuem‑tchuente Jerome Boissier Faculty of Heath Science Mountain UniversityP.O.Box 208BangangteCameroon 不详

Background:Hybrids between Schistosoma haematobium(Sh)and ***(Sb)have been found in several African countries as well as in *** the consequences of this hybridization are still unknown,this study aims to verify the presence of such hybrids in Cameroonian humans,to describe the structure of *** populations on a large geographic scale,and to examine the impact of these hybrids on genetic diversity and structure of these ***:From January to April 2019,urine from infected children was collected in ten geographically distinct popu‑*** were collected from eggs in this *** detect the presence of hybrids among these miracidia we genotyped both Cox1(RD-PCR)and ITS2 gene(PCR-RFLP).Population genetic diversity and structure was assessed by genotyping each miracidium with a panel of 14 microsatellite *** diversity was measured using both heterozygosity and allelic richness indexes,and genetic structure was analyzed using paired Fst,PCA and Bayesian ***:Of the 1327 miracidia studied,88.7% were identifed as pure genotypes of ***(Sh_Sh/Sh)while the remaining 11.3% were hybrids(7.0% with Sh_Sh/Sb,3.7% with Sb_Sb/Sh and 0.4% with Sb_Sh/Sb).No miracidium has been identifed as a pure genotype of *** richness ranged from 5.55(Loum population)to 7.73(MattaBarrage)and difered signifcantly between *** heterozygosity ranged from 53.7%(Loum)to 59%(Matta Barrage)with no signifcant *** overall genetic diferentiation inferred either by a principal compo‑nent analysis or by the Bayesian approach shows a partial *** populations(Loum and Matta Bar‑rage)were clearly separated from other localities but genetic diferentiation between northern localities was limited,certainly due to the geographic proximity between these ***:Hybrids between *** and *** were identifed in 11.3% of miracidia that hatched from eggs present in the urine o

关键词： Schistosoma haematobium Schistosoma bovis Genetic diversity Hybridization Miracidium Cameroon

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