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Multiple sclerosis is at a checkpoint: advancing the program

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Neural Regeneration Research 2025年第3期20卷 811-812页

作者： Brandon c.smith Jessica L.Williams Department of Neurosciences Lerner Research InstituteCleveland ClinicClevelandOHUSA Department of Biological Geologicaland Environmental SciencesCleveland State UniversityClevelandOHUSA

Multiple sclerosis(MS) is a chronic inflammatory and demyelinating disease of the central nervous system(cNS). Patients with MS experience sensory and motor function loss due to myelin and/or axon damage perpetuated b... 详细信息

关键词： Hauser sclerosis damage

Oral anti-coagulants use in chinese hospitalized patients with atrial fibrillation

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chinese Medical Journal 2024年第2期137卷 172-180页

作者： Jing Lin Deyong Long chenxi Jiang caihua Sang Ribo Tang Songnan Li Wei Wang Xueyuan Guo Man Ning Zhaoqing Sun Na Yang Yongchen Hao Jun Liu Jing Liu Xin Du Louise Morgan Gregg c.Fonarow Sidney c.smith Jr Gregory Y.H.Lip Dong Zhao Jianzeng Dong changsheng Ma On behalf of ccc-AF investigators Department of cardiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing 100029China National clinical Research center for cardiovascular Diseases Beijing 100029 China Department of Epidemiology Beijing Anzhen HospitalCapital Medical UniversityBeijing Institute of HeartLung and Blood Vessel DiseasesBeijing 100029China International Quality Improvement Department American Heart AssociationDallasTX 07076USA Division of cardiology Geffen School of Medicine at University of CaliforniaLos Angeles CA 90024USA Division of cardiology University of North CarolinaChapel HillNC 27599USA Department of cardiology Liverpool Centre for Cardiovascular ScienceUniversity of Liverpool and Liverpool Heart&Chest HospitalLiverpool L143PEUK Department of clinical Medicine Aalborg UniversityAalborg 9000Denmark 不详

Background:Oral anti-coagulants(OAc)are the intervention for the prevention of stroke,which consistently improve clinical outcomes and survival among patients with atrial fibrillation(AF).The main purpose of this study is to identify problems in OAc utilization among hospitalized patients with AF in ***:Using data from the Improving care for cardiovascular Disease in china-Atrial Fibrillation(ccc-AF)registry,guideline-recommended OAc use in eligible patients was ***:A total of 52,530 patients with non-valvular AF were enrolled from February 2015 to December 2019,of whom 38,203 were at a high risk of stroke,9717 were at a moderate risk,and 4610 were at a low *** admission,only 20.0%(6075/30,420)of patients with a diagnosed AF and a high risk of stroke were taking *** use of pre-hospital OAc on admission was associated with a lower risk of new-onset ischemic stroke/transient ischemic attack among the diagnosed AF population(adjusted odds ratio:0.54,95%confidence interval:0.43-0.68;Pcharge,the prescription rate of OAc was 45.2%(16,757/37,087)in eligible patients with high stroke risk and 60.7%(2778/4578)in eligible patients with low stroke *** utilization in patients with high stroke risk on admission or at discharge both increased largely over time(all Pc utilization at discharge was positively associated with in-hospital rhythm control strategies,including catheter ablation(adjusted odds ratio[OR]11.63,95%confidence interval[cI]10.04-13.47;Pctronic cardioversion(adjusted OR 2.41,95%cI 1.65-3.51;Pc drug use(adjusted OR 1.45,95%cI 1.38-1.53;Pconclusions:In hospitals participated in the ccc-AF project,>70%of AF patients were at a high risk of *** poor performance on guideline-recommended OAc use was found in this study,over time the ccc-AF project has made progress in stroke prevention in the chinese AF ***

关键词： Atrial fibrillation Oral anti-coagulants OAc Stroke prevention contraindication

中国急性冠状动脉综合征患者治疗和预后的地区差异:来自国家胸痛中心的证据

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Science Bulletin 2024年第9期69卷 1302-1312页

作者：周书铎张岩董雪洁马郡雄李娜史红 Sidney c.smith Jr 金音子许铭向定成郑志杰霍勇 Department of Global Health Peking University School of Public HealthBeijing 100191China Institute for Global Health and Development Peking UniversityBeijing100871China Department of cardiology Peking University First HospitalBeijing 100034China chinese Medical Association Beijing 100052China Division of cardiovascular Medicine School of MedicineUniversity of North Carolina at Chapel HillNorth Carolina 27599-3140USA Department of cardiology General Hospital of Southern Theater Command of PLAGuangzhou 510010China

Regional variations in acute coronary syndrome(AcS) management and outcomes have been an enormous public health issue. However, studies have yet to explore how to reduce the variations. The National chest Pain center Program(NcPcP) is the first nationwide, hospital-based, comprehensive, continuous quality improvement program for improving the quality of care in patients with AcS in china. We evaluated the association of NcPcP and regional variations in AcS healthcare using generalized linear mixed models and interaction analysis. Patients in the Western region had longer onset-to-first medical contact(FMc) time and time stay in non-percutaneous coronary intervention(PcI) hospitals, lower rates of PcI for ST-elevation myocardial infarction(STEMI) patients, and higher rates of medication *** in central regions had relatively lower in-hospital mortality and in-hospital heart failure *** in the door-to-balloon time(Dto B) and in-hospital mortality between Western and Eastern regions were less after accreditation(β =-8.82, 95% confidence interval(cI)-14.61 to-3.03;OR = 0.79, 95%cI 0.70 to 0.91). Similar results were found in differences in Dto B time, primary PcI rate for STEMI between central and Eastern regions. The differences in PcI for higher-risk non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndrome(NSTE-AcS) patients among different regions had been ***, the differences in medication use between Eastern and Western regions were higher after accreditation. Regional variations remained high in this large cohort of patients with AcS from hospitals participating in the NcPcP in china. More comprehensive interventions and hospital internal system optimizations are needed to further reduce regional variations in the management and outcomes of patients with AcS.

关键词： Acute coronary syndromes Quality improvement Regional variations Quality metrics

A new view of the local Universe

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Science china(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2024年第3期67卷 167-168页

作者： Lister Staveley-smith International centre for Radio Astronomy Research(IcRAR) University of Western AustraliaCrawley WA 6009Australia ARc centre of Excellence for All Sky Astrophysics(ASTRO 3D) Crawley WA 6009Australia

The distribution and kinematics of gas in and around dark matter halos, the formation of stellar populations from the gravitational collapse of gas clouds, and the interaction of stars and their remnants with interste... 详细信息

关键词： galaxies stars galactic

comparisons of oxbow lake fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded carp establishment in the lower White River, Arkansas

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Michael A.Eggleton cody J.Salzmann Joseph E.Kaiser Shannon c.F.smith Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game and Fish commission Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Background Since the late 1990s, bigheaded carps(largely silver carp [Hypophthalmichthys molitrix] but also bighead carp [H. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lakes in the lower White River basin, Arkansas, we compared current(2017, “post-carp” establishment) fish assemblages to historical(2002, “pre-carp” establishment) fish assemblages. Fish assemblages were comprehensively assessed using multiple gears, including boat electrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental small-mesh gill *** T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indices of richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance were often greater(P carp period as reflected by boat electrofishing and experimental gill nets. However, all indices were generally similar(P > 0.05) between the pre-carp and post-carp period with fish assemblages depicted using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that fish assemblages differed structurally between pre-carp and post-carp periods. Assemblage differences were linked to both small and large abundance changes for more than 20 species. Abundances of gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emiliae), crappies(Pomoxis spp.), bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus), orangespotted sunfish(L. humilis), and yellow bass(Morone mississippiensis) declined between the pre-carp and postcarp periods. conversely, abundances of weed shiner(N. texanus), pallid shiner(Hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish(L. megalotis), buffalofishes(Ictiobus spp.), and gars(Lepisosteus spp.) generally increased during the same *** Although not possible to conclude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded carps due to the absence of an appropriate reference system where carps did not establish, the wide establishment of these carps is one of the most pervasive changes to have occurred in the lower White

关键词： Bigheaded carp Silver carp Aquatic nuisance species Fish assemblage Oxbow lake Large river

Harnessing the power of complex light propagation in multimode fibers for spatially resolved sensing

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Photonics Research 2024年第3期12卷 411-422页

作者： DARcY L.smith LINH V.NGUYEN MOHAMMAD I.REJA ERIK P.ScHARTNER HEIKE EBENDORFF-HEIDEPRIEM DAVID J.OTTAWAY STEPHEN c.WARREN-smith Institute for Photonics and Advanced Sensing and School of Physics Chemistry and Earth SciencesThe University of AdelaideAdelaideSA 5005Australia Australian Research council centre of Excellence for Gravitational Wave Discovery(OzGrav) AdelaideSAAustralia Future Industries Institute University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia Laser Physics and Photonics Devices Laboratory University of South AustraliaMawson LakesSA 5095Australia

The propagation of coherent light in multimode optical fibers results in a speckled output that is both complex and sensitive to environmental *** properties can be a powerful tool for sensing,as small perturbations lead to significant changes in the output of the ***,the mechanism to encode spatially resolved sensing information into the speckle pattern and the ability to extract this information are thus far *** this paper,we demonstrate that spatially dependent mode coupling is crucial to achieving spatially resolved *** leverage machine learning to quantitatively extract the spatially resolved sensing information from three fiber types with dramatically different characteristics and demonstrate that the fiber with the highest degree of spatially dependent mode coupling provides the greatest accuracy.

关键词： fiber spatially resolved

Harnessing endothelial cells and vascularization strategies for nerve regeneration

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Neural Regeneration Research 2024年第11期19卷 2337-2338页

作者： Papon Muangsanit Poppy smith Virology and cell Technology Research Team National Center for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology(BIOTEC)National Science and Technology Development Agency(NSTDA)PathumthaniThailand UcL centre for Nerve Engineering UCLLondonUK Department of Pharmacology UCL School of PharmacyUCLLondonUK

Peripheral nerves are essential components of the human body’s communication system,transmitting signals between the central nervous system and various body *** resulting from trauma or disease can result in debilitating sensory and motor *** injuries,particularly those resulting in significant gaps in the nerve tissue,pose a formidable challenge for clinicians and *** their limitations,including limited availability and donor site morbidity,nerve autografts remain the clinical gold standard for treating nerve injuries.

关键词： injuries nerves donor

喀麦隆初级汉语综合课教学设计 ——以喀麦隆Bilingual Grammar School Molyko为例

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喀麦隆初级汉语综合课教学设计 ——以喀麦隆Bilingual Grammar S...

作者： AGBOR smith FOMBO 重庆交通大学

学位级别：硕士

本文主要探讨了喀麦隆“Bilingual Grammar School Molyko”初级汉语综合课的教学设计与实践。通过对该校汉语学习情况的调查研究,以及对综合课教学设计的深入分析,评估和反思,为喀麦隆中学汉语教学提供理论依据和实践指导。本研究具有... 详细信息

本文主要探讨了喀麦隆“Bilingual Grammar School Molyko”初级汉语综合课的教学设计与实践。通过对该校汉语学习情况的调查研究,以及对综合课教学设计的深入分析,评估和反思,为喀麦隆中学汉语教学提供理论依据和实践指导。本研究具有重要的学术和实际意义,既丰富了国际汉语教育理论,又为汉语教师在非洲国家的教学实践提供了具体参考。在第二章中,研究对喀麦隆“Bilingual Grammar School Molyko”中学汉语学习情况进行了详尽调查。调查采用问卷、访谈等方法,收集了学生、教师和学校管理者的多维度数据。分析结果显示,该校学生对汉语学习具有较高兴趣,但在学习过程中也面临诸多挑战,如语言环境缺乏、学习资源不足和教学方法单一等问题。这些问题的存在,不仅制约了学生的汉语学习效果,也影响了汉语教学的进一步发展。第三章聚焦于“Bilingual Grammar School Molyko”中学生综合课的教学设计。根据调查结果和教学实践经验,结合汉语国际教育的理论和方法,设计了一套适合喀麦隆中学生的汉语综合课教学方案。该方案从教学目标、课程设置、教学内容、教学方法和评价体系等方面进行了系统规划。教学目标明确,注重听、说、读、写四项技能的全面发展;课程设置合理,既有基础知识的传授,又有文化素养的培养;教学内容丰富,涵盖语言知识、文化知识和交际能力的培养;教学方法多样,采用任务型教学、情景教学等方法,提高学生的学习兴趣和参与度;评价体系完善,既有形成性评价,又有终结性评价,全面监测学生的学习效果。第四章对“Bilingual Grammar School Molyko”初级中文综合课的教学设计进行了评估与反思。评估采用质性和量性相结合的方法,通过课堂观察、学生测试、教师访谈等途径,全面分析了教学设计的实施效果。评估结果表明,该教学设计在提高学生汉语水平和学习兴趣方面取得了一定成效,但也存在一些不足,如教学资源有限、师资力量不足、教学方法需要进一步改进等。基于评估结果,研究提出了一系列改进建议,如增加教学资源投入、加强教师培训、改进教学方法等,为后续的教学实践提供了有益参考。本研究通过对喀麦隆“Bilingual Grammar School Molyko”初级汉语综合课教学设计的调查、分析和反思,不仅丰富了国际汉语教育理论,也为喀麦隆中学汉语教学实践提供了重要参考。研究结果显示,科学合理的教学设计对提高学生汉语学习效果具有重要作用,但同时也需要持续关注和解决实际教学中存在的问题,才能真正实现汉语教育的长远发展。本论文的研究方法具有一定创新性,通过综合运用问卷调查、访谈、课堂观察和教学评估等多种方法,获取了详实的数据,确保了研究结果的可靠性和科学性。研究不仅对喀麦隆汉语教学具有重要指导意义,也对其他非洲国家的汉语教育实践具有参考价值。希望本研究能够为喀麦隆及其他非洲国家的汉语教学提供有益借鉴,推动国际汉语教育事业的发展。

关键词：喀麦隆中学汉语教学教学设计你好喀麦隆

Aboveground carbon sequestration of cunninghamia lanceolata forests:Magnitude and drivers

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Forest Ecosystems 2024年第1期11卷 32-41页

作者： chen Wang Shuguang Liu Yu Zhu Andrew R.smith Ying Ning Deming Deng National Engineering Laboratory for Applied Technology of Forestry&Ecology in South china Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Technology Innovation center for Ecological conservation and Restoration in Dongting Lake Basin Ministry of Natural ResourcesChangsha 410007China college of Life Science and Technology Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China School of Ecology and Environment Hainan UniversityHaikou 570228China School of Natural Sciences Bangor UniversityGwyneddLL572UWUK college of Forestry Central South University of Forestry and TechnologyChangsha 410004China Hunan Prospecting Designing&Research General Institute for Agriculture Forestry&IndustryChangsha 410007China

Understanding the spatial variation,temporal changes,and their underlying driving forces of carbon sequestration in various forests is of great importance for understanding the carbon cycle and carbon management *** carbon density and sequestration in various cunninghamia lanceolata forests,extensively cultivated for timber production in subtropical china,vary with biodiversity,forest structure,environment,and cultural factors remain poorly explored,presenting a critical knowledge gap for realizing carbon sequestration supply potential through *** on a large-scale database of 449 permanent forest inventory plots,we quantified the spatial-temporal heterogeneity of aboveground carbon densities and carbon accumulation rates in cunninghamia lanceolate forests in Hunan Province,china,and attributed the contributions of stand structure,environmental,and management factors to the heterogeneity using quantile age-sequence analysis,partial least squares path modeling(PLS-PM),and hot-spot *** results showed lower values of carbon density and sequestration on average,in comparison with other forests in the same climate zone(i.e.,subtropics),with pronounced spatial and temporal ***,quantile regression analysis using carbon accumulation rates along an age sequence showed large differences in carbon sequestration rates among underperformed and outperformed forests(0.50 and 1.80 Mg·ha^(-1)·yr^(-1)).PLS-PM demonstrated that maximum DBH and stand density were the main crucial drivers of aboveground carbon density from young to mature ***,species diversity and geotopographic factors were the significant factors causing the large discrepancy in aboveground carbon density change between low-and high-carbon-bearing *** analysis revealed the importance of culture attributes in shaping the geospatial patterns of carbon *** work highlighted that retaining largesized DBH trees and increasing shade-t

关键词： carbon density carbon accumulation rate Forest age Spatial variation cultural influence