检索结果-南通市图书馆

Health 2013年第2期5卷 229-236页

作者： Khin maung Lwin Thomas J. Peto Nicholas J. White Nicholas P. J. Day Francois Nosten Michael Parker Phaik Yeong Cheah Mahidol Oxford Tropical Medicine Research Unit Faculty of Tropical Medicine Mahidol University Bangkok Thailand Shoklo Malaria Research Unit Mae Sot Thailand The Ethox Centre Department of Public Health and Primary Health Care University of Oxford Oxford UK

Community engagement is increasingly promoted to strengthen the ethics of medical research in low-income countries. One strategy is to use community advisory boards (CABs): semi-independent groups that can potentially safeguard the rights of study participants and help improve research. However, there is little published on the experience of operating and sustaining CABs. The Shoklo Malaria Research Unit (SMRU) has been conducting research and providing healthcare in a population of refugees, migrant workers, and displaced people on the Thai-Myanmar border for over 25 years. In 2009 SMRU facilitated the establishment of the Tak Province Community Ethics Advisory Board (T-CAB) in an effort to formally engage with the local communities both to obtain advice and to establish a participatory framework within which studies and the provision of health care can take place. In this paper, we draw on our experience of community engagement in this unique setting, and on our interactions with the past and present CAB members to critically reflect upon the CAB’s goals, structure and operations with a focus on the practicalities, what worked, what did not, and on its future directions.

关键词： Ethics Community Engagement Community Advisory Boards Developing Countries Thailand Myanmar Global Health International Research

Association between measles antibodies in vaccinated and naturally infected mothers with protective antibodies and the occurrence of measles in their children:A cross-sectional study in the Bavi district of Hanoi

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Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine 2019年第9期12卷 404-408页

作者： Cam Nhat Nguyen Quynh Ngoc Nguyen than Huu Dao Le Thi Quynh Mai Infectious Disease Prevention und Control Department Center for Disease ControlHonoiVietnom Virology Department National Institute of Hygiene and EpidemiologyHanoiVietnam

Objective:To determine the concentration and rate of decay of maternal IgG antibodies against measles prevalence in infants of vaccinated or naturally infected mothers and study initial measles immunization occurs in nine-month-old ***:In total,401 pregnant women and the same number of their subsequent newborns were recruited in the Bavi district of Hanoi in 2016-2017;they were divided into two groups:Older women(born before 1985,n=201)and younger women(born after 1990,n=200).Samples were collected at five time-points;week 36 of pregnancy,birth(cord),and 3,6,and 9 months after ***-specific IgG antibody levels were ***:In total,77.06% of the 401 pregnant women were seropositive for measles-specific IgG antibodies.A significantly greater proportion of mothers aged 30 and older(88.06%)and their newborn(93.53%)were seropositive compared to the mothers aged 25 and younger(66.00%),and their newborn(72.00%)(Pthan the infants of younger mothers(P<0.001)at all time-points of the study *** proportion of measles IgG antibodies together with GMT decreased from 82.97%(506.96)at the age of three months to 23.19%(45.22)at the age of nine ***:This study provides a profile of maternal antibodies against measles in Vietnamese infants and investigates the early susceptibility to measles in both the infants of vaccinated mothers and mothers with naturally acquired *** data suggest that determining the appropriate age for measles vaccination is paramount for the elimination of measles in Vietnam.

关键词： Infant Measles Seropositive National Expanded Program of Immunization Vietnam

The contribution of a non-governmental organisation’s Community Based Tuberculosis Care Programme to case finding in Myanmar:trend over time

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 449-454页

作者： Htet Myet Win maung Saw Saw Petros Isaakidis Mohammed Khogali Anthony Reid Nguyen Binh Hoa Ko Ko Zaw Saw Thein Si Thu Aung National Tuberculosis Programme Ministry of Health and SportsZabuthiri townshipPostcode 15011 Nay Pyi TawMyanmar Department of Medical Research Ministry of Health and SportsYangonMyanmar Medecins Sans Frontieres Operational Research UnitMSF-LuxembourgLuxembourgLuxembourg National Tuberculosis Programme HanoiVietnam Centre for Operational Research International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung DiseaseParisFrance

Background:It is estimated that the standard,passive case finding(PCF)strategy for detecting cases of tuberculosis(TB)in Myanmar has not been successful:26%of cases are ***,alternative strategies,such as active case finding(ACF)by community volunteers,have been initiated since *** study aimed to assess the contribution of a Community Based TB Care Programme(CBTC)by local non-government organizations(NGOs)to TB case finding in Myanmar over 4 ***:This was a descriptive study using routine,monitoring *** data from the NGOs were sent to a central registry within the National TB Programme and data for this study were extracted from that *** from all 84 project townships in five regions and three states in Myanmar were *** project was launched in ***:Over time,the number of presumptive TB cases that were referred decreased,except in the Yangon Region,although in some areas,the numbers *** the same time,there was a trend for the proportion of cases treated,compared to those referred,that decreased over time(P=0.051).Overall,among 84 townships,the contribution of CBTC to total case detection deceased from 6%to 4%over time(P<0.001).Conclusions:Contrary to expectations and evidence from previous studies in other countries,a concerning reduction in TB case finding by local NGO volunteer networks in several areas in Myanmar was recorded over 4 *** suggests that measures to support the volunteer network and improve its performance are *** may include discussion with local NGOs human resources personnel,incentives for the volunteers,closer supervision of volunteers and improved monitoring and evaluation tools.

关键词： Operational research Community based tuberculosis care Contribution SORT IT

Chilli anthracnose disease caused by Colletotrichum species

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Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology) 2008年第10期9卷 764-778页

作者： Po Po than Haryudian PRIHASTUTI Sitthisack PHOULIVONG Paul W.J.TAYLOR Kevin D.HYDE International Fungal Research and Development Centre the Research Institute of Resources InsectChinese Academy of ForestryKunming 650224ChinaBioMarkaSchool of Agriculture and Food SystemsUniversity of MelbourneVictoria 3010Australia Fungal Research Group School of ScienceMae Fah Luang UniversityTasudChiang Rai 57100ThailandDepartment of BiotechnologyFaculty of AgricultureBrawijaya UniversityMalang 65145Indonesia Fungal Research Group School of ScienceMae Fah Luang UniversityTasudChiang Rai 57100ThailandMushroom Research Centre128 Moo 3 T. Pa PaeA. Mae TaengChiang Mai 50150Thailand6Department of Plant ScienceFaculty of AgricultureNational University of LaosVientianeLao PDR BioMarka School of Agriculture and Food SystemsUniversity of MelbourneVictoria 3010Australia International Fungal Research and Development Centre the Research Institute of Resources InsectChinese Academy of ForestryKunming 650224ChinaFungal Research GroupSchool of ScienceMae Fah Luang UniversityTasudChiang Rai 57100Thailand

Anthracnose disease is one of the major economic constraints to chilli production worldwide, especially in tropical and subtropical regions. Accurate taxonomic information is necessary for effective disease control management. In the Colletotrichum patho-system, different Colletotrichum species can be associated with anthracnose of the same host. Little information is known concerning the interactions of the species associated with the chilli anthracnose although several Colletotrichum species have been reported as causal agents of chilli anthracnose disease worldwide. The ambiguous taxonomic status of Colletotrichum species has resulted in inaccurate identification which may cause practical problems in plant breeding and disease management. Although the management and control of anthracnose disease are still being extensively researched, commercial cultivars of Capsicum annuum that are resistant to the pathogens that cause chilli anthracnose have not yet been developed. This paper reviews the causal agents of chilli anthracnose, the disease cycle, conventional methods in identification of the pathogen and molecular approaches that have been used for the identification of Colletotrichum species. Pathogenetic variation and population structure of the causal agents of chilli anthracnose along with the current taxonomic status of Colletotrichum species are discussed. Future developments leading to the disease management strategies are suggested.

关键词： Capsicum annuum Disease management Identification Taxonomy Pathogenicity

Origin and Evolution of Ultramafic Rocks along the Sagaing Fault, Myanmar

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Journal of Earth Science 2023年第1期34卷 122-132页

作者： Tomoaki Morishita Hnin Min Soe Hla Htay than Htut Lwin Juan Miguel Guotana Akihiro Tamura Tomoyuki Mizukami Khin Zaw 无 Faculty of Geosciences and Civil Engineering Kanazawa UniversityKanazawa920-1192Japan Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory Columbia UniversityPalisadesNY10964USA Volcanoes and Earth’s Interior Research Center Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology2-15 NatsushimaKanagawa237-0061Japan Geology Department University of MandalayMandalay05092Myanmar Geology Department Dagon UniversityNorth Dagon11422Myanmar Taunggoke Degree College TaunggokeTaunggoke Township07161Myanmar Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology Kanazawa UniversityKanazawaIshikawa920-1192Japan CODES ARC Centre of Excellence in Ore Deposits University of TasmaniaTasmania7001Australia

The active Sagaing fault in Myanmar defines the boundary between the Indian Plate and the Eurasian Plate and causes seismic damage in the major cities of Myanmar. Small bodies of serpentinite occur along the fault. We for the first time investigated the highly sheared serpentinite bodies in the Sheinmagar area and Yega Inn area along the Sagaing fault. Extensively sheared/brecciated serpentinites and related rocks, such as talc and/or chlorite-bearing rocks contains small rock fragments of serpentinites. Serpentine texture and mineral chemistry indicate that the protolith of these serpentinites were mainly harzburgite with minor amounts of dunite, some of which are cut by gabbroic veins. No shape-preferred orientation of the antigorite is present, indicating that the serpentinization was occurred under relatively static conditions. Protolith and serpentine minerals are similar to those of the jadeitite-bearing serpentinites in the north of the Sagaing fault(the Jade Mine belt). Chemical variations of spinels in the studied area are within the compositional range of forearc peridotites and those in the mantle section of nearby ophiolites. After the formation of antigorite serpentinite under static conditions, these serpentinites were subsequently, but locally deformed, probably due to the activity of the Sagaing fault, resulting in the formation of serpentinite schist/brecciated rock. The presence of the less-deformed antigorite serpentinite in the sheared/brecciated zone indicates the strain localization mainly along the surrounding serpentine-talc(±chlorite) schistose rocks, which is probably formed by the reaction between serpentinite and country rocks. Further studies are needed to better understand whether the distribution of serpentinized peridotites cause variations in the activity of the Sagaing fault.

关键词： Sagaing fault serpentinite deformation ophiolite

The Australasian species of Lactarius subgenus Gerardii(Russulales)

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第1期52卷 141-167页

作者： Dirk Stubbe Huyen than Le Xiang-Hua Wang Jorinde Nuytinck Kobeke Van de Putte Annemieke Verbeken Department of Biology Ghent UniversityK.L.Ledeganckstraat 359000 GhentBelgium Section Mycology and Aerobiology Scientific Institute of Public HealthJuliette Wytmanstraat 141050 BrusselsBelgium Faculty of Environment Hanoi University of Natural Resources and Environment41A Street K1Cau DienTu LiemHanoiVietnam Kunming Institute of Botany Chinese Academy of SciencesLanhei Road 132#Kunming 650204People’s Republic of China Research Group Mycology Department of BiologyGhent UniversityK.L.Ledeganckstraat 359000 GhentBelgium

This paper provides an overview and identification key of the Australasian species of Lactarius ***.A molecular phylogeny based on the nuc DNA markers ITS,LSU and rpb2,combined with detailed morphological observations resulted in the delimitation of 12 strongly supported and morphologically recognizable *** new agaricoid species are described here:Lactarius hora,***,***,*** and *** agaricoid species belonging to *** are ***,***,*** and *** venosus is also considered as a member but could not be included in the molecular *** new pleurotoid species are discovered:*** and ***,both close relatives of ***,but each with distinct *** position within *** is supported in the phylogeny and by their microscopic *** study also confirms the existence of multiple cryptic species and species complexes for which species recognition or species delimitation remains problematic as is the case for the Australian species *** general,detailed macroscopic and microscopic observations are needed to identify species of ***.

关键词： Basidiomycota Lactifluus Plinthogalus Taxonomy Phylogeny Asia

Retroperitoneal fibrosis: A rare cause of both ureteral and small bowel obstruction

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2006年第43期12卷 7061-7063页

作者： Faisal Aziz Srinivasulu Conjeevaram than Phan Department of Surgery New York Medical College Valhallah NY 10595 United States Department of Surgery. North Oakland Medical Centers MI 48341 United States Attending Physician Department of Surgery North Oakland Medical Centers MI 48341 United States

Retroperitoneal fibrosis (RPF) is a rare condition of unclear etiology. It can cause ureteral obstruction. We present the unique case of a 54 years old female, who initially presented with spontaneous perforation of the cecum. Upon exploring the abdomen, the classical glistening white, unyielding retroperitoneal fibrosis was encountered. A right hemicolectomy was performed. Subsequently, the patient presented with bilateral ureteral obstruction, and later on with small bowel obstruction. Ureteral obstruction was treated with stents, and small bowel obstruction was treated with bypass. To our knowledge no case of idiopathic RPF presenting with features of both bilateral ureteral and small bowel obstruction has been reported in the literature.

关键词： Retroperitoneal fibrosis Ureteral obstruction Small bowel obstruction Surgery for retroperitonealfibrosis

Current Knowledge of Mango and Fruit Fly (Diptera: Tephritidae) Control in Myanmar: A Review

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Advances in Entomology 2021年第1期9卷 49-58页

作者： Kyaw Lin maung Yin Yin Mon Myat Phyu Khine Khin Nyein Chan Aye Phyoe Aye thandar Soe Thae Yu Yu Han Wah Wah Myo Sein Su Su San Aye Aye Khai Biotechnology Research Department Department of Research and Innovation Ministry of Education (Science and Technology) Kyaukse Myanmar

Mango is one of the largest commercial fruits in Myanmar and the fruit fly, B. dorsalis and B. correcta are the major pests. Mango is a kind of native fruit which can grow well as natural vegetation throughout the entire country under the various climatic conditions. We aimed to point out overuse of insecticide application in agricultural sector of Myanmar and further criteria of effective fruit fly control techniques were also proposed for worldwide ecosystem. Traditional fruit fly control is primarily focused on the uncoordinated use of insecticide applications which is orchard-by-orchard strategy. However, in view of flying distance, this localized strategy is not successful and harms the ecosystem. Occasionally, fruit bagging technique was applied by some farmers. In Myanmar’s agricultural sector, numerous varieties of cheap insecticides which mostly imported from China were plentiful. While conventional insecticide application controls were implemented annually, the population of fruit flies increased year after year, particularly in tropical region. The requirement of technical-scientific research reduced the worldwide fruit fly records. Furthermore, traditional insecticide application approach inhibits the yield and quality of mangoes that have adversely affected international trade. Importantly, in long term period of the entire previous decade, the conventional insecticide application controls make more fruit fly infestation.

关键词： Mangoes Fruit Fly Control Technique Insecticides Application Myanmar

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缅甸的海运科技教育(英文)

上海海事大学学报 2007年第1期28卷 166-173页

作者： Charlie than 缅甸海事大学

缅甸海地区具有东南亚典型的渔业资源,若开和德林达依海岸是珍珠文化发展理想场所,沿岸区域盛产出口石油和天然气.如果具备相应的专家技术与管理,从海运范围划分出去的渔业资源将会在未来扮演很重要的角色.缅甸海运科学与技术教育发展... 详细信息

缅甸海地区具有东南亚典型的渔业资源,若开和德林达依海岸是珍珠文化发展理想场所,沿岸区域盛产出口石油和天然气.如果具备相应的专家技术与管理,从海运范围划分出去的渔业资源将会在未来扮演很重要的角色.缅甸海运科学与技术教育发展的主要目的是充分利用资源,改进海运交通网络结构和达到海运安全、海运环境保护和安全方面的全球化标准.描述不同部门的不同机构处理的海事事务及其责任.2002年8月1日建校的缅甸海事大学是专门为海事交通部门培训胜任的造船师与工程师的学校.缅甸海事大学为了建设高效的海事团体将进行更广泛的国际合作.

关键词：航海教育渔业

Knowledge,access and utilization of bednets among stable and seasonal migrants in an artemisinin resistance containment area of Myanmar

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2017年第1期6卷 1227-1234页

作者： Wint Phyo than Tin Oo Khin Thet Wai Aung Thi Philip Owiti Binay Kumar Hemant Deepak Shewade Rony Zachariah Regional Public Health Department Ministry of HealthBagoMyanmar Department of Medical Research Ministry of HealthYangonMyanmar National Malaria Control Program Ministry of HealthNaypyitawMyanmar Academic Model Providing Access to Healthcare(AMPATH) EldoretKenya GAVI the Vaccine Alliance GenevaSwitzerland International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease(The Union) South-East Asia Regional OfficeNew DelhiIndia Medecins Sans Frontieres Operational Research Unit(LuxOR)Luxembourg CityLuxembourg

Background:Myanmar lies in the Greater Mekong sub-region of South-East Asia faced with the challenge of emerging resistance to artemisinin combination therapies(ACT).Migrant populations are more likely than others to spread ACT resistance.A vital intervention to reduce malaria transmission,resistance spread and eliminate malaria is the use of bed *** seasonal and stable migrants in an artemisinin resistance containment region of Myanmar,we compared a)their household characteristics,b)contact with health workers and information material,and c)household knowledge,access and utilization of bed ***:Secondary data from community-based surveys on 2484 migrant workers(2013 and 2014,Bago Region)were analyzed of which 37%were seasonal *** net access and utilization were assessed using a)availability of at least one bed net per household,and b)one bed net per two persons,and c)proportion of household members who slept under abed net during the previous night(Indicator targets=100%).Results:Over 70%of all migrants were from unstable work settings with short transitory *** household size was five(range 1-25)and almost half of all households had children under-five *** 10%of migrants were night-time *** than 40%of households had contact with health workers and less than 30%had exposure to information education and communication(IEC)materials,the latter being significantly lower among seasonal *** 70%of households were aware of the importance of insecticide-treated bed-nets/long-lasting insecticidal nets(ITNs/LLINs),but knowledge on insecticide impregnation and retreatment of ITNs was poor(<10%).Although over 95%of households had access to at least one bed net,the number with one bed net per two persons was grossly inadequate(13%for stable migrants and 9%for seasonal migrants,P=0.001).About half of all household members slept under a bed net during the previous ***:This study reveals important short-fa

关键词： Operational research Malaria Transmission Artemisinin Greater Mekong sub-region Mosquito