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Strategies to prevent and mitigate common complications in gender affirming penile inversion vaginoplasty

Plastic and Aesthetic Research 2022年第1期9卷 716-729页

作者： Alexis Laungani Annie Sapin-Leduc maud belanger Pierre Brassard Division of Science and Education(DSE) GRS MontrealMontrealQC H3L 1L2Canada

While the number of gender-affirming procedures continues to boom all over the world,resulting complications from genital surgeries are on the rise as *** paper aims to review some of the most commonly described complications of gender-affirming vaginoplasties and provide our expert opinion on how to mitigate them based on the senior author’s ***,poor cosmesis,soft tissues related complications,rectal and urethral injuries,neovaginal stenosis,as well as intraoperative and postoperative bleeding will be addressed.

关键词： Transgender vaginoplasty gender-affirming vaginoplasty complications

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Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 effects on proliferation and telomerase activity in sheep growth plate chondrocytes

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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology 2013年第1期4卷 41-48页

作者： Logan B Smith Janelle M belanger Anita M Oberbauer Department of Animal Science University of California

Background： Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 （FGFR3） inhibits growth-plate chondrocyte proliferation and limits bone elongation. Gain-of-function FGFR3 mutations cause dwarfism, reduced telomerase activity and shorter telomeres in growth plate chondroyctes suggesting that FGFR3 reduces proliferative capacity, inhibits telomerase, and enhances senescence. Thyroid hormone （1-3） plays a role in cellular maturation of growth plate chondrocytes and a known target of T3 is FGFR3. The present study addressed whether reduced FGFR3 expression enhanced telomerase activity, mRNA expression of telomerase reverse transcriptase （TERT） and RNA component of telomerase （TR）, and chondrocyte proliferation, and whether the stimulation of FGFR3 by T3 evoked the opposite response. Results： Sheep growth-plate proliferative zone chondrocytes were cultured and transfected with siRNA to reduce FGFR3 expression; FGFR3 siRNA reduced chondrocyte FGFR3 mRNA and protein resulting in greater proliferation and increased TERT mRNA expression and telomerase activity （p 〈 0.0.5）. Chondrocytes treated with T3 significantly enhanced FGFR3 mRNA and protein expression and reduced telomerase activity （p 〈 0.05）; TERT and TR were not significantly reduced. The action of T3 at the growth plate may be partially mediated through the FGFR3 pathway. Conclusions： The results suggest that FGFR3 inhibits chondrocyte proliferation and reducing telomerase activity indicating an important role for telomerase in capacity during bone elongation. by down-regulating TERT expression sustaining chondrocyte proliferative

关键词： Chondrocytes Growth-plate Telomerase Fibroblast growth factor receptor 3 Thyroid hormone Sheep

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A portrait of the artist as a young man

A portrait of the artist as a young man

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作者： James Joyce introduction and notes by Dr. Jacqueline belanger.

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Taxonomic placement of Epichloëpoae *** horizontal dissemination to seedlings via conidia

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Fungal Diversity 2012年第3期54卷 117-131页

作者： Mariusz Tadych Karen V.Ambrose Marshall S.Bergen Faith C.belanger James F.White Jr Department of Plant Biology and Pathology Rutgers University59 Dudley RoadNew BrunswickNJ 08901USA

A new Epichloëspecies distributed in Africa,Europe,North America and South America on host genera Bromus,Festuca,Lolium and Poa is ***,characteristic of the genus,frequently occurred on the reproductive tillers of Poa secunda ***,but neither perithecia nor mature asci were *** cells and conidial characteristics were in the range of Epichloë*** of the genes encodingβ-tubulin(tub2)and translation elongation factor 1-α(tef1)were amplified and *** analyses of these sequences grouped the Poa secunda *** endophyte into one group within a non-hybrid Epichloëspecies *** the basis of morphology,host range and evolutionary history we propose that this endophyte represents a new species of Epichloë.The name Epichloëpoae is proposed for this *** infectivity of the conidia produced on plants was *** the first experiment,using conidia of Epichloëpoae from leaves and endophytefree seeds of Poa secunda *** we show that when germinating seeds and developing seedlings of the plant were exposed to conidia,28–57%of seedlings became infected by the *** non-inoculated control plants showed no colonization by the *** the following spring after vernalization,colonized plants on flowering culms produced stromata with *** the second experiment,using stromal conidia and the same procedure,19–42%of seedlings of Poa secunda *** became colonized by the *** results demonstrate that Epichloëpoae may spread to uninfected grass hosts by conidia frequently formed on the surfaces of plant leaves as well as by conidia formed on stromata.

关键词： Endophyte Epiphyllous Evolution Neotyphodium Poa secunda subsp juncifolia Seed

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Prospects for the continued development of environmentally-realistic toxicity test susing microorganisms

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 1993年第3期5卷 253-268页

作者： John Cairns,Jr. Paul V.McCormick Scott E.belanger Department of Biology and University Center for Environmental and Hazardous Materials Studies Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVirginia 24061-0415U.S.A. Department of Biology Elizabethtown CollegeElizabethtownPennsylvania-17022-2298U.S.A.and Senior Research AssociateUniversity Center for Environmental and Hazardous Materials StudiesVirginia Polytechnic Institute and State UniversityBlacksburgVirginia-24061-0415U.S.A. Stream Ecosystem Research Section Environmental Safety DepartmentThe Procter and Gamble CompanyCincinnatiOhio-45217U.S.A.

The focus of environmental regulations has changed significantly since the introduction of the bioassay as a standard means of assessing environmental *** in this change is an increasing emphasis on protecting the integrity of natural ecosystems,which incorporate community-and system-level properties as well as organismal and population ***,support for the use of multispecies testing has widened to include not only ecologists in academia but environmental scientists in the regulatory and industrial sector as *** reason for this trend is clear:the additional environmental realism gained from tests utilizing communities of organisms allows for greater insight into the potential hazard of chemicals and other forms of human activity to natural ecosystems that cannot be obtained from single species tests *** of the problems cited for multispecies testing early in their evolution as a hazard assessment tool have been refuted or *** particular,the use of natural microbial communities minimizes several shortcomings typically associated with multispecies toxicity *** discussion includes the utility of microcosm and mesocosm tests using aquatic microbial communities as hazard assessment tools in conjunction with accumulating information on their performance in toxicity testing *** increasing body of experimental evidence supports an expansion in the use of these tests for a variety of regulatory and research purposes.A shift in research focus is needed,however,to answer remaining questions and further refine standard protocols for these valuable ecotoxicological tools.

关键词： environmentally-realistic toxicity tests microorganisms.

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Chip-scale full-Stokes spectropolarimeter in silicon photonic circuits

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Photonics Research 2020年第6期8卷 864-874页

作者： ZHONGJIN LIN TIGRAN DADALYAN SIMON belanger-DE VILLERS TIGRAN GALSTIAN WEI SHI Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering Centre for OpticsPhotonics and Laser(COPL)Universite LavalQuebecQuebec G1V 0A6Canada

Wavelength dependent polarization state of light carries crucial information about light-matter ***,its measurement is limited to bulky,high energy-consuming devices,which prohibits many modern,portable ***,we propose and demonstrate a chip-scale spectropolarimeter implemented using a complementary metal oxide semiconductor compatible silicon photonics *** compact Vernier microresonator spectrometers are monolithically integrated with a broadband polarimeter consisting of a 2D nanophotonic antenna and a polarimetric circuit to achieve full-Stokes spectropolarimetric *** proposed device offers a solid-state spectropolarimetry solution with a small footprint of 1 mm × 0.6 mm and low power consumption of 360 ***-Stokes spectral detection across a broad spectral range of 50 nm with a resolution of 1 nm is demonstrated in characterizing a material possessing structural *** proposed device may enable a broader application of spectropolarimetry in the fields ranging from biomedical diagnostics and chemical analysis to observational astronomy.

关键词： antenna polarization resonator

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