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TLR3-independent activation of mast cells by cytomegalovirus contributes to control of pulmonary infection

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Cellular & Molecular Immunology 2017年第6期14卷 479-481页

作者： Niels AW Lemmermann matthias J Reddehase Institute for Virology and Research Center forImmunotherapy (FZI) University Medical Centerof the Johannes Gutenberg University MainzGermany.

Interstitial pneumonia is a life-threatening clinical manifestation of human cytomegalovirus （hCMV） infection. In particular, it can be deadly in patients with hematopoietic malignancies who undergo hematopoietic cell transplantation （HCT） in whom a ＇window of risk＇, which is defined by transient immunodeficiency, occurs between hematoablative therapeutic treatment and immunological reconsfi- tution.

关键词： activation cytomegalovirus pulmonary

The Pleistocene Glaciation in the Karakoram Mountains:Reconstruction of Past Glacier Extensions and Ice Thicknesses

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Journal of Mountain Science 2004年第1期1卷 3-17页

作者： matthias Kuhle Geographical Institute University of Gtingen Department of Geography and High Mountain Geomorphology Goldschmidtstr.537077 GtingenGermany

Geomorphological and Quaternarygeological field- and laboratory data (Fig.1) are introduced and interpreted with regard to the maximum Ice Age (LGM) glaciation of the Central-and South Karakoram in the Braldu-, Basna-, Shigar-and Indus valley system as well as on the Deosai plateau between the Skardu Basin and the Astor valley (Fig.2). These data result from two research expeditions in the years 1997 and 2000. They show that between c. 60 and 20 Ka the Central Karakorum and its south slope were covered by a continuous c. 125,000 km2 sized ice stream network. This ice stream network flowed together to a joint parent glacier, the Indus glacier. The tongue end of the Indus glacier reached down to 850 ～ 800 m a.s.l. In its centre the surface of this Indus ice stream network reached a height of a good 6000 m. Its most important ice thicknesses amounted to c. 2400 ～ 2900 m.

关键词： Karakoram paleoclimate glacial geomorphology last glacial period coalescing ice stream network glacier thickness

Utilisation and Management Changes in South Kyrgyzstan's Mountain Forests

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Journal of Mountain Science 2005年第2期2卷 91-104页

作者： matthias Schmidt Institute of Geography University of Erlangen-NuernbergKochstr.4/4D-91054 Erlangen

Using political ecology as its conceptual framework,this paper focuses on the changes in forest utilisation and management of South Kyrgyzstan’s walnut-fruit forests over the last century. The aim of this study on human-environment interactions is to investigate the relationship between actors on the one side,their interests and demands,and the forests and forested lands on the other. Forest resource utilisation and management — and even the recognition of different forest products as resources — are connected with political and socio-economic conditions that change with time. The walnut-fruit forests of South Kyrgyzstan are unique,characterised by high biodiversity and a multiplicity of usable products;and they have been utilised for a long time. Centralised and formal management of the forests started with the Russian occupation and was strengthened under Soviet rule,when the region became a part of the USSR. During this era,a state forest administration that was structured from Moscow all the way down to the local level drew up detailed plans and developed procedures for utilising the different forest products. Since the collapse of the Soviet Union,the socio-political and economic frame conditions have changed significantly,which has brought not only the sweeping changes in the managing institutions,but also the access rights and interests in the forest resources. At present,the region is suffering from a high unemployment rate,which has resulted in the forests’ gaining considerable importance in the livelihood strategies of the local population. Political and economic liberalization,increased communication and trans-regional exchange relations have opened the door for international companies and agents interested in the valuable forest products. Today,walnut wood and burls,walnuts,wild apples and mushrooms are all exported to various countries in the world. Scientists and members of various international organisations stress the ecological value of the forests

关键词： Kyrgyzstan Tian Shan walnut-fruit forest political ecology resource management forest utilisation

Residual dynamics of thiacloprid in medical herbs marjoram,thyme,and camomile in soil

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Journal of Environmental Sciences 2007年第2期19卷 205-209页

作者： YU Yun-long WU Jia-lun STAHLER matthias PESTEMER Wilfried Department of Plant Protection College of Agriculture and Biotechnology Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310029 China Institute for Ecotoxicology and Ecochemistry in Plant Protection Federal Biological Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry Koenigin-Luise-Strafle 19 D-14195 Berlin Germany

Thiacloprid is a new insecticide of the chloronicotinyl family. To assess its risk after application, residual characteristics of thiacloprid in marjoram, thyme, and camomile and in soil were studied under field conditions. The active ingredient was extracted from the plant material using a mixture of acetone-water. After filtration, the extract was concentrated to the aqueous phase, diluted with water, and portioned against ethyl acetate on a matrix solid phase dispersion column. Thiacloprid was extracted from soil using a mixture of methanol-water, filtered, and *** （clean up） with dichloromethane. The residues were quantified using HPLC-MS-MS. The methods were validated by recovery experiments. Thiacloprid residues in marjoram, thyme, and camomile and in soil persisted beyond 10, 14, 14, and 21 d but no residues were detected after 14, 21, 21, and 28 d, respectively. The data obtained in this study indicated that the biexponential model is more suitable than the first-order function to describe the decline of thiacloprid in fresh marjoram, fresh thyme, and dried camomile flowers with half-life （t1/2） of 1.1, 0.7, and 1.2 d, respectively. However, both the first-order function and biexponential model were found to be applicable for dissipation of thiacloprid in soil with almost the same t1/2 values of 3.5 and 3.6 d. The results indicated that thiacloprid dissipates rapidly and does not accumulate in the tested herbs and in soil.

关键词： thiacloprid marjoram (Majorana hortensis) thyme (Thymus vilgaris) camomile (Matricaria chamomilla) residue

Measurement-While-Milling(MWM):An innovative approach for increasing the casing milling efficiency in deep drilling operations

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Petroleum Research 2023年第3期8卷 360-369页

作者： Mohammed A.Namuq Mouhammed Jandal Berro matthias Reich The American University of Kurdistan Petroleum Engineering DepartmentZakho Road42001DuhokKurdistan Region of IraqIraq H.Anger's Sons-Drilling and Well Construction Company Gutenbergstraße 3337235Hessisch LichtenauGermany TU Bergakademie Freiberg Institute of Petroleum EngineeringAgricolastr.2209599FreibergGermany

Deep boreholes are secured by steel tubes(casings)which are run in the hole and cemented in *** most cases,these casings are considered a permanent ***,sometimes they have to be removed in order to repair or abandon the *** the casing is cemented in place,it cannot be pulled,but needs to be milled to small chips which are flushed out of the borehole by the drilling *** of the main challenges in casing milling operations is continuous and complete chip *** the metal chips are too long,chip nests will grow around the milling *** a result,this will restrict the annulus flow area and affect the chip removal in *** obvious solution in such condition is to do round tripping and clean the chip nest which is associated with the risk of injuries,as well as,increasing the none-productive *** the worst case,the poor cleaning and circulation of chips can even end up with the milling string stucking problem in boreholes,consequently long-time fishing *** to the available literatures,hardly any study for identifying the chip shapes and accordingly adapting the operation parameters to the casing milling process environment downhole to keep milling within desired generated chip shapes and sizes could be *** paper presents an encouraging idea to monitor the milling process in real time by utilizing the acoustic emission signals(vibration modes)accompanied with the milling process to identify the desired chip shape and size *** laboratory tests have been carried out to investigate and study the acoustic emission signals accompanying the casing milling process to identify the chip shapes and *** preliminary test results show very good correlation and agreement between the chip length formed during those specific tests and the observed burst events in the measured *** study results have demonstrated the functionality of the new concept,and thus confirmed that it is a very promising idea to

关键词： Oil/Gas well casing milling Measurement while milling Casing milling chips shape detection Acoustic emission accompanied with casing milling operations Casing milling experiments

Observation of photon recoil effects in single-beam absorption spectroscopy with an ultracold strontium gas

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Chinese Physics B 2022年第1期31卷 485-491页

作者： Fachao Hu Canzhu Tan Yuhai Jiang matthias Weidemüller Bing Zhu Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at the Microscale University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China CAS Center For Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of ChinaHefei 230026China Shanghai Advanced Research Institute Chinese Academy of Sciences(CAS)Shanghai 201210China Physikalisches Institut Universität HeidelbergIm Neuenheimer Feld 22669120 HeidelbergGermany

We report on observing photon recoil effects in the absorption of a single monochromatic light at 689 nm through an ultracold ^(88)Sr gas,where the recoil frequency is comparable to natural linewidth of the narrow-line transition 5s^(2) ^(1)S_(0)-5s5p ^(3)P_(1) in *** the regime of high-saturation,the absorption profile becomes asymmetric due to the photon-recoil shift,which is of the same order as the natural *** lineshape is described by an extension of the optical Bloch equations including the momentum transfers to atoms during emission and absorption of *** work reveals the photon recoil effects in a simplest single-beam absorption setting,which is of significant relevance to other applications such as saturation spectroscopy,Ramsey interferometry,and absorption imaging.

关键词： photon recoil absorption spectroscopy ultracold strontium gas

Human dental enamel： A masterpiece investigated natural nanotechnology by TEM and t-EBSD

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Nano Research 2018年第7期11卷 3911-3921页

作者： Anjela Koblischka-Veneva Michael R. Koblischka Jorg Schmauch matthias Hannig Experimental Physics Saafland University P. O. Box 151150 66041 Saarbrucken Germany Clinic of Operative dentistry Periodontology and Preventive Dentistry Saarland University Building 73 66421 Homburg/Saar Germany

The micro- and nanostructures of human dental enamel were investigated by transmission electron microscopy （TEM） and electron backscatter diffraction （EBSD）. For this purpose, TEM slices were prepared from teeth by focused ion-beam milling. These slices enabled TEM and transmission-EBSD （t-EBSD） investigations to be performed, while standard EBSD on bulk tooth samples resulted only in Kikuchi patterns. On the TEM slices, t-EBSD enabled automated mapping. The TEM images and the EBSD data dearly elucidated the arrangement of the hydroxyapatite crystals on the nanometer scale. Information regarding the crystallographic orientation of the apatite grains enabled the deduction of novel nanotechnological building principles of the enamel structure based on a chain-like arrangement of the crystallites.

关键词： enamel microstructure transmission electron microscopy (TEM) electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) transmission-EBSD(t-EBSD)

Influence of Soil Organic Carbon on Greenhouse Gas Emission Potential After Application of Biogas Residues or Cattle Slurry:Results from a Pot Experiment

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Pedosphere 2017年第5期27卷 807-821页

作者： gawan heintze tim eickenscheidt urs schmidhalter matthias drsler university of applied sciences weihenstephan-triesdorf Chair of Vegetation Ecology 85354Freising(Germany) technical university of munich Chair of Plant Nutrition85354 Freising(Germany)

A change in the European Union energy policy has markedly promoted the expansion of biogas production. Consequently, large amounts of nutrient-rich residues are being used as organic fertilizers. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to simulate the high-risk situation of enhanced greenhouse gas （GHG） emissions following organic fertilizer application in energy maize cultivation. We hypothesized that cattle slurry application enhanced CO2 and N20 fluxes compared to biogas digestate because of the overall higher carbon （C） and nitrogen （N） input, and that higher levels of CO2 and N20 emissions could be expected by increasing soil organic C （SOC） and N contents. Biogas digestate and cattle slurry, at a rate of 150 kg NH＋-N ha-1, were incorporated into 3 soil types with low, medium, and high SOC contents （Cambisol, Mollic Gleysol, and Sapric Histosol, termed Clow, Cmedium, and Chigh, respectively）. The GHG exchange （CO2, CH4, and N20） was measured on 5 replicates over a period of 22 d using the closed chamber technique. The application of cattle slurry resulted in significantly higher CO2 and N20 fluxes compared to the application of biogas digestate. No differences were observed in CH4 exchange, which was close to zero for all treatments. Significantly higher CO2 emissions were observed in Chigh compared to the other two soil types, whereas the highest N20 emissions were observed in Cmedium. Thus, the results demonstrate the importance of soil type-adapted fertilization with respect to changing soil physical and environmental conditions.

关键词： C mineralization energy maize mineral soil N mineralization organic fertilization peatland

Dark energy in the Swampland Ⅱ

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Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy) 2019年第9期62卷 120-122页

作者： Lavinia Heisenberg matthias Bartelmann Robert Brandenberger Alexandre Refregier Institute for Theoretical Studies ETH ZurichClausiusstrasse 47Zurich 8092Switzerland Universitat Heidelberg Zentrum fur AstronomieInstitut fur Theoretische AstrophysikHeidelberg D-69120 Germany Physics Department McGill UniversityMontrealQCH3A 2 T8Canada Institute for Astronomy Department of PhysicsETH ZurichWolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 27Zurich 8093Switzerland

We have recently pointed out [1] that the string swampland conjectures [2], if true, provide important constraints on dark energy models. The constraints apply to the field range of a scalar field Φ described by an e... 详细信息

关键词： Dark energy Swampland