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Effect of Exercise-Based Cardiac Rehabilitation on Cardiorespiratory Fitness in Adults with Congenital Heart Disease

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Congenital Heart Disease 2021年第1期16卷 73-84页

作者： Prisca Eser Thomas Gruber Thimo Marcin Claudia Boeni Kerstin Wustmann Christina DeLuigi matthias Greutmann Daniel Tobler Markus Schwerzmann matthias wilhelm Department of Cardiology InselspitalBern University HospitalUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland Department for Neuroscience and Movement Science University of FribourgFribourgSwitzerland Center for Congenital Heart Disease Bern University HospitalUniversity of BernBernSwitzerland Department of Cardiology University Hospital ZurichUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Department of Cardiology University Hospital BaselUniversity of BaselBaselSwitzerland

Background:The purpose of this study was to investigate whether patients with adult congenital heart disease(ACHD)benefit from exercise-based cardiac rehabilitation(CR)short-and long-term with regard to improvement of cardiorespiratory fitness.Methods:Cardiopulmonary exercise tests(CPET)completed by ACHD patients between January 2000 and October 2019 were analysed retrospectively.Linear mixed models were performed for peak oxygen consumption(VO_(2))with patients as random effect and age,sex,disease classification,preceding surgery(≤3 months)and preceding CR(≤4 weeks for short term and>4 weeks for long term)as fixed effects.Results:1056 CPETs of 311 ACHD patients with simple(7),moderate(188)or great(116)complexity heart defects were analysed.The 59 patients who completed a CR(median age 27 yrs,38%females)increased peak VO_(2)from before to after CR by a median of 2.7(IQR–0.6 to 5.5)ml/kg/min.However,in the multivariate mixed model,peak VO_(2)was non-significantly increased short-term after CR(β0.8,95%CI–0.7 to 2.4),not maintained long-term after CR(β0.0,95%CI–1.7 to 1.6)but significantly reduced after surgery(β–5.1,95%CI–7.1 to–3.1).The 20 CR patients after surgery increased their peak VO_(2)by 6.2(IQR 3.6–9.5)ml/kg/min,while the 39 CR patients without preceding surgery increased it by 0.9(IQR–1.5 to 3.1)ml/kg/min.Conclusions:The increase in peak VO_(2)with CR was mainly due to recovery from surgical intervention.The small independent benefit from CR was not maintained long-term,highlighting the potential to improve current CR concepts in ACHD populations.

关键词： Grown-ups with congenital heart disease exercise training cardiac rehabilitation surgical intervention peak oxygen consumption cardiorespiratory fitness

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Cardiopulmonary Response to Exercise at High Altitude in Adolescents with Congenital Heart Disease

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Congenital Heart Disease 2021年第6期16卷 597-608页

作者： Lukas Minder Markus Schwerzmann Thomas Radtke Hugo Saner Prisca Eser matthias wilhelm Jean-Paul Schmid Department of Cardiology Bern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland Center for Congenital Heart Disease Department of CardiologyBern University Hospital and University of BernBernSwitzerland Epidemiology Biostatistics and Prevention InstituteUniversity of ZurichZurichSwitzerland Department of Cardiology Clinic BarmelweidBarmelweidSwitzerland

Objective:To extend our knowledge on tolerance of acute high-altitude exposure and hemodynamic response to exercise in adolescents with congenital heart disease(AscCHD)without meaningful clinical or functional restriction.Methods:A symptom limited cardiopulmonary exercise stress test and a non-invasive cardiac output measurement during steady state exercise were performed at 540 m and at 3454 m a.s.l.Symptoms of acute mountain sickness were noted.Results:We recruited 21 healthy controls and 16 AscCHD(59%male,mean age 14.7±1.1 years).Three subjects(2 controls,1 AscCHD)presented light symptoms of acute mountain sickness(dizziness and headache).During the symptom limited exercise test at lowland,control subjects showed a significantly higher power to weight index(3.5±0.6 W/kg vs.3.0±0.7 W/kg,p<0.001),heart rate(188.8±10.41/min vs.179.4±13.11/min,p<0.050)and ventilation(92.8±22.9 l/min vs.75.4±18.6 l/min,<0.050).At altitude,power to weight index only remained significantly higher in the control group(2.8±0.6 W/kg vs.2.6±0.6 W/kg,p<0.001).Pulmonary blood flow(PBF)at lowland showed no difference between the control and the AscCHD group,neither at rest(5.4±0.8 l/min vs.5.1±0.9 l/min,p=0.308),nor during the steady state test(10.6±2.4 l/min vs.10.5±2.0 l/min,p=0.825).At high altitude,PBF increased by 110%and 112%,respectively(12.8±2.32 l/min vs.12.5±3.0 l/min;intergroup difference:p=0.986).Conclusions:High altitude exposure was well tolerated in an unselected group of AscCHD.No significant difference in the cardio-pulmonary adaptation to a control group was noted during a steady state exercise.Symptoms of minor acute mountain sickness did occur,which should however not be misinterpreted as signs of hemodynamic maladaptation.

关键词： Adolescents with congenital heart disease high altitude non-invasive cardiac output measurement exercise

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Long-term results of olecranon fractures treated using the XS nail® system

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Chinese Journal of Traumatology 2022年第6期25卷 336-344页

作者： Leonard Hochtl-Lee matthias Spalteholz Tim Friedrich Raven Arash Moghaddam wilhelm Friedl Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopaedic Research Group Center for OrthopaedicsTrauma Surgery and Sports MedicineHospital Aschaffenburg-Alzenau GGmbHAm Hasenkopf1AschaffenburgGermany Center for Orthopaedicsand Trauma Surgery LeipzigGermany Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery Rotkreuzklinik Wertheim GGmbHWertheim Am MainGermany

Purpose:Olecranon fractures are particularly vulnerable to distraction and subsequent fracture dislocation due to the high tensile forces.Surgical treatment aims at reducing the fracture and restoring the anatomical joint surface condition,as well as neutralizing the strain inhibiting fracture healing.The XS nail®(Intercus GmbH,Bad Blankenberg,Germany),an intramedullary implant exerting compression across the entire fracture surface,unlike plates,leaves a minimal extra-cortical profile,and can be secured with threaded locking wires,thereby retaining the anatomical reduction without displacement or steps within the articular surface,which was often found in tension band wiring.After encouraging initial results,the long-term outcome was assessed.Methods:This retrospective study evaluated the long-term outcome of patients surgically treated at our trauma center between January 2002 and December 2005 using the XS nail®.Patients over the age of 18 years eligible for the study must have undergone surgery for isolated,recent(less than 14 days)traumatic olecranon fractures,without concomitant injuries to the ipsilateral elbow and forearm.Further exclusion criteria were pseudarthrosis,re-fractures and osteotomy for distal humerus surgery,as well as polytraumatized patients unable to aid in their own recovery.Data were retrospectively gathered by standardised questionnaire and patient records,as well as surgery and anesthesiology reports.Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Office Excel?2016.Results:There were 32 patients,13 males(mean age 49.0 years)and 19 females(mean age 68.9 years)with 11 Schatzkers type D,7 each type A and C,5 type B and 2 type E at an average of 55.2 months,all showing complete consolidation.Of them,6 patients had a loss of range of motion with more than 10°in the sagittal plane,and only 1 patient exceeded 10°reduction of supination.Twenty-five patients reported being pain-free under all circumstances,and all but 2 patients(93.75%)had returned to their previous activity level.The average disab

关键词： Olecranon fracture Intramedullary nail Treatment DASH XS nail

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1970-2020年全球猪肉产量的显著变化

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国外畜牧学（猪与禽） 2024年第2期44卷 15-19页

作者：王晶晶(译) 张配配(审) 张涛(制图表) Hans-wilhelm Windhorst 不详德国韦赫塔大学汉诺威兽医大学

1970-2020年,世界肉类产量增长了2倍多,从1.01亿t增至3.43亿t。牛肉、禽肉和猪肉这三种重要的肉类,产量增长情况大相径庭。本文分析了1970-2020年这50年来各大洲和各国的猪肉生产情况。

关键词：猪肉产量发展动态份额

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Plant Surfaces:Structures and Functions for Biomimetic Innovations

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Nano-Micro Letters 2017年第2期9卷 116-155页

作者： wilhelm Barthlott matthias Mail Bharat Bhushan Kerstin Koch Nees Institute for Biodiversity of Plants Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University of BonnVenusbergweg 2253115 BonnGermany Institute of Crop Science and Resource Conservation(INRES)–Horticultural Science Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms University of BonnAuf dem Hugel 653121 BonnGermany

An overview of plant surface structures and their evolution is presented. It combines surface chemistry and architecture with their functions and refers to possible biomimetic applications. Within some 3.5 billion years biological species evolved highly complex multifunctional surfaces for interacting with their environments: some 10 million living prototypes(i.e., estimated number of existing plants and animals) for engineers. The complexity of the hierarchical structures and their functionality in biological organisms surpasses all abiotic natural surfaces: even superhydrophobicity is restricted in nature to living organisms and was probably a key evolutionary step with the invasion of terrestrial habitats some 350–450 million years ago in plants and insects. Special attention should be paid to the fact that global environmental change implies a dramatic loss of species and with it the biological role models. Plants, the dominating group of organisms on our planet, are sessile organisms with large multifunctional surfaces and thus exhibit particular intriguing features.Superhydrophilicity and superhydrophobicity are focal points in this work. We estimate that superhydrophobic plant leaves(e.g., grasses) comprise in total an area of around 250 million km^2, which is about 50% of the total surface of our planet. A survey of structures and functions based on own examinations of almost 20,000 species is provided, for further references we refer to Barthlott et al.(Philos. Trans. R. Soc. A 374: 20160191, 1). A basic difference exists between aquatic nonvascular and land-living vascular plants; the latter exhibit a particular intriguing surface chemistry and architecture. The diversity of features is described in detail according to their hierarchical structural order. The first underlying and essential feature is the polymer cuticle superimposed by epicuticular wax and the curvature of single cells up to complex multicellular structures. A descriptive terminology for this diversity is provided. Simplified, the funct

关键词： Bionics Superhydrophobicity Hierarchical structuring Lotus effect Salvinia effect Evolution

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Long-term results of olecranon fractures treated using the XS nail? system

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中华创伤杂志(英文版) 2022年第6期25卷 336-344页

作者： H?chtl-Lee Leonard Spalteholz matthias Raven Tim Friedrich Moghaddam Arash Friedl wilhelm Division of Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery Rotkreuzklinik Wertheim GGmbH Wertheim Am Main Aschaffenburg Trauma and Orthopaedic Research Group Center for Orthopaedics Trauma Surgery and Sports Medicine Hospital Aschaffenburg-Alzenau GGmbH Am Hasenkopf 1 Aschaffenburg Germany Center for Orthopaedics and Trauma Surgery Leipzig

Purpose: Olecranon fractures are particularly vulnerable to distraction and subsequent fracture dislocation due to the high tensile forces. Surgical treatment aims at reducing the fracture and restoring the anatomical joint surface condition, as well as neutralizing the strain inhibiting fracture healing. The XS nail? (Intercus GmbH, Bad Blankenberg, Germany), an intramedullary implant exerting compression across the entire fracture surface, unlike plates, leaves a minimal extra-cortical profile, and can be secured with threaded locking wires, thereby retaining the anatomical reduction without displacement or steps within the articular surface, which was often found in tension band wiring. After encouraging initial results, the long-term outcome was assessed. Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the long-term outcome of patients surgically treated at our trauma center between January 2002 and December 2005 using the XS nail?. Patients over the age of 18 years eligible for the study must have undergone surgery for isolated, recent (less than 14 days) traumatic olecranon fractures, without concomitant injuries to the ipsilateral elbow and forearm. Further exclusion criteria were pseudarthrosis, re-fractures and osteotomy for distal humerus surgery, as well as polytraumatized patients unable to aid in their own recovery. Data were retrospectively gathered by standardised questionnaire and patient records, as well as surgery and anesthesiology reports. Data analysis was performed using Microsoft Office Excel? 2016. Results: There were 32 patients, 13 males (mean age 49.0 years) and 19 females (mean age 68.9 years) with 11 Schatzkers type D, 7 each type A and C, 5 type B and 2 type E at an average of 55.2 months, all showing complete consolidation. Of them, 6 patients had a loss of range of motion with more than 10° in the sagittal plane, and only 1 patient exceeded 10° reduction of supination. Twenty-five patients reported being pain-f

关键词： Olecranon fracture Intramedullary nail Treatment DASH XS nail

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RGB Image‑ and Lidar‑Based 3D Object Detection Under Multiple Lighting Scenarios

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Automotive Innovation 2022年第3期5卷 251-259页

作者： Wentao Chen Wei Tian Xiang Xie wilhelm Stork School of Automotive Studies Tongji UniversityShanghaiChina Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 76131 KarlsruheGermany

In recent years,camera-and lidar-based 3D object detection has achieved great progress.However,the related researches mainly focus on normal illumination conditions;the performance of their 3D detection algorithms will decrease under low lighting scenarios such as in the night.This work attempts to improve the fusion strategies on 3D vehicle detection accuracy in multiple lighting conditions.First,distance and uncertainty information is incorporated to guide the“painting”of semantic information onto point cloud during the data preprocessing.Moreover,a multitask framework is designed,which incorpo-rates uncertainty learning to improve detection accuracy under low-illumination scenarios.In the validation on KITTI and Dark-KITTI benchmark,the proposed method increases the vehicle detection accuracy on the KITTI benchmark by 1.35%and the generality of the model is validated on the proposed Dark-KITTI dataset,with a gain of 0.64%for vehicle detection.

关键词： 3D object detection Multi-sensor fusion Uncertainty estimation Semantic segmentation PointPainting

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Involvement of CYP347W1 in neurotoxin 3-nitropropionic acid-based chemical defense in mustard leaf beetle Phaedon cochleariae

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Insect Science 2022年第2期29卷 453-466页

作者： Nanxia Fu Tobias Becker Wolfgang Brandt Maritta Kunert Antje Burse wilhelm Boland Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyJenaGermany Key Laboratory of Tea Biology and Resource Utilization Tea Research InstituteChinese Academy of Agricultural SciencesHangzhouChina Department of Bioorganic Chemistry Leibniz Institute of Plant BiochemistryHalle(Saale)Germany Department of Natural Product Biosynthesis Max Planck Institute for Chemical EcologyJenaGermany Department of Medical Technology and Biotechnology Ernst Abbe Hochschule JenaJenaGermany

Chrysomelina beetlesstore 3-nitropropionic acid in form of a pretoxin,isoxazolin-5-one glucoside-conjugated ester,to protect themselves against predators.Here we identified a cytochrome P450 monooxygenase,CYP347W1,to be involved in the production of the 3-nitropropionic acid moiety of the isoxazolin-5-one glucoside ester.Knocking down CYP347W1 led to a significant depletion in the concentration of the isoxazolin-5-one glucoside ester and an increase in the concentration of the isoxazolin-5-one glucoside in the larval hemolymph.Enzyme assays with the heterologously expressed CYP347W1 showed freeβ-alanine was not the direct substrate.Homology modeling indicated thatβ-alanine-CoA ester can fit into CYP347W1’s active site.Furthermore,we proved that Phaedon cochleariae eggs are not able to de novo synthesize 3-NPA,although both isoxazolin-5-one glucoside and its 3-NPA-conjugated ester are present in the eggs.These results provide direct evidence for the involvement of CYP347W1 in the biosynthesis of a P.cochleariae chemical defense compound.

关键词： chemical defense isoxazolin-5-one glucoside isoxazolin-5-one glucoside ester leaf beetles P450 3-nitropropionic acid(3-NPA)

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世界猪肉生产动态50年简要回顾

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猪业科学 2024年第3期41卷 14-16页

作者：张振玲(编译) 汉斯-威廉温德霍斯特徐州生物工程职业技术学院江苏徐州221006 德国维克塔大学汉诺威兽医大学

从1970年至2020年的50年间,世界猪肉生产动态整体呈现出增长趋势,世界肉类总产量增加了两倍多(从1.01亿t增加到3.43亿t),世界牛肉、禽肉与猪肉的总产量及增长量有很大的区别。其中,猪肉产量增加了202.4%,从0.36亿t增加到1.08亿t(增长了0... 详细信息

从1970年至2020年的50年间,世界猪肉生产动态整体呈现出增长趋势,世界肉类总产量增加了两倍多(从1.01亿t增加到3.43亿t),世界牛肉、禽肉与猪肉的总产量及增长量有很大的区别。其中,猪肉产量增加了202.4%,从0.36亿t增加到1.08亿t(增长了0.72亿t)。世界肉类50年间(1970—2020年)生产的动态参见表1和图1。

关键词：猪肉产量猪肉生产增长量简要回顾

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Recent progress in laser texturing of battery materials: a review of tuning electrochemical performances, related material development, and prospects for large-scale manufacturing

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International Journal of Extreme Manufacturing 2021年第1期3卷 25-44页

作者： wilhelm Pfleging Institute for Applied Materials-Applied Materials Physics Karlsruhe Institute of TechnologyP.O.Box 3640Karlsruhe 76021Germany

Traditional electrode manufacturing for lithium-ion batteries is well established,reliable,and has already reached high processing speeds and improvements in production costs.For modern electric vehicles,however,the need for batteries with high gravimetric and volumetric energy densities at cell level is increasing;and new production concepts are required for this purpose.During the last decade,laser processing of battery materials emerged as a promising processing tool for either improving manufacturing flexibility and product reliability or enhancing battery performances.Laser cutting and welding already reached a high level of maturity and it is obvious that in the near future they will become frequently implemented in battery production lines.This review focuses on laser texturing of electrode materials due to its high potential for significantly enhancing battery performances beyond state-of-the-art.Technical approaches and processing strategies for new electrode architectures and concepts will be presented and discussed with regard to energy and power density requirements.The boost of electrochemical performances due to laser texturing of energy storage materials is currently proven at the laboratory scale.However,promising developments in high-power,ultrafast laser technology may push laser structuring of batteries to the next technical readiness level soon.For demonstration in pilot lines adapted to future cell production,process upscaling regarding footprint area and processing speed are the main issues as well as the economic aspects with regards to CapEx amortization and the benefits resulting from the next generation battery.This review begins with an introduction of the three-dimensional battery and thick film concept,made possible by laser texturing.Laser processing of electrode components,namely current collectors,anodes,and cathodes will be presented.Different types of electrode architectures,such as holes,grids,and lines,were generated;their impact on battery performances are illustrated.The usag

关键词： laser structuring lithium-ion battery electrode architecture 3D battery cell performance upscaling

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