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电子与电脑 1997年第7期 63-68页

作者： matthew j.lake ,宋荣

您的任务是:把一大堆纸面文件变成电子数据。您的选择是:选择一个打破预算的方法,雇用一个打字员来把所有信息都录入到计算机中,或者购买一个扫描仪以及OCR软件来迅速地解译数据。

关键词： OCR 扫描仪传感器软件资料档文档

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扫描仪超级指南

电子与电脑 1998年第1期5卷 44-55页

作者： matthew j.lake Bob Weibel 苏子栋

把桌上的纸张搬走,在几秒钟之内复制照片,然后送到Web上发布。今天的扫描仪完成这些工作就象按一下按钮那样容易。

关键词：扫描仪外部设备计算机

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第2届搜索引擎评测

电子与电脑 1997年第10期4卷 84-91页

作者： matthew j.lake Christine Wendin Lulit Bezuayehu 李海

AltaVista、Excite、HotBot和Infoseek四个搜索引擎巨头在这里会面,另外,还有专家们的搜索秘诀。

关键词： Web Internet网搜索引擎评测

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E8粒子的自旋动力学研究（英文）

Science Bulletin 2024年第19期 2974-2977页

作者：王骁 Konrad Puzniak Karin Schmalzl Christian Balz Masaaki Matsuda Akira Okutani Masayuki Hagiwara 马杰吴建达 Bella lake Tsung-Dao Lee Institute Shanghai Jiao Tong University Helmholtz-Zentrum Berlin für Materialien und Energie GmbH Institut für Festk?rperphysik Technische Universit?t Berlin jülich Centre for Neutron Science jCNS Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH ISIS Neutron and Muon Source STFC Rutherford Appleton Laboratory Neutron Scattering Division Oak Ridge National Laboratory Center for Advanced High Magnetic Field Science Graduate School of ScienceOsaka University School of Physics&Astronomy Shanghai Jiao Tong University Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures Nanjing University Shanghai Branch Hefei National Laboratory

Unlike the classical phase transition driven by thermal fluctuations,the quantum phase transition arises at zero temperature when the system is tuned by a non-thermal parameter[1].For a continuous quantum phase transition,novel physics with higher symmetry may emerge at the quantum critical point (QCP).As the system is driven away from the QCP with a relevant perturbation,exotic physics may further emerge due to the strong renormalization of the almost infinite low-lying excitations[2].The transverse-field Ising chain (TFIC) is a paradigmatic model[1–3]:when an Ising chain is tuned to its QCP by a magnetic field applied transverse to its Ising anisotropy,

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Circumcision reduces prostate cancer risk

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Asian journal of Andrology 2012年第5期14卷 661-662页

作者： Brian j Morris lake H Waskett School of Medical Sciences University of SydneySydney NSW 2006 Australia CircumcisionIndependent Reference and Commentary Service Manchester M26 1JR UK

There is a strong negative correlation between prostate cancer and circumcision rate across 181 countries （P〈0.0001）. Adding to the large protective effect of cir- cumcision seen in small studies over the past six decades, a recent large study in Seattle has shown a smaller protective effect. If verified by other large studies else- where, the finding would add to the wide array of benefits conferred by this safe, sim- ple procedure that is best performed in infancy.

关键词： INFECTION

PAYLOAD TECHNOLOGY FOR RURAL SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS

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PAYLOAD TECHNOLOGY FOR RURAL SATELLITE COMMUNICATIONS

Trait plasticity, not values, best corresponds with woodland plant success in novel and manipulated habitats

1996 International Conference on Communication Technology

作者： j.Shirlaw M.Saha j.lake D.Robson Marconi Space Abbey WorksTitchfieldFarehamPO 14 4QAEngland

＜正＞In recent years,the demand for satellite communications systems has evolved to include personal mobile services and the provision of fixed services to rural *** on from central involvement in all generations of INMARSAT’s mobile communications space segment,Marconi Space has been developing advanced payload concepts for geostationary satellites to provide regional *** retain the heritage gained from the novel payload architecture designed and successfully delivered by Marconi Space for the INMARSAT 3 *** paper starts with the top level payload requirements for an example regional system and develops these into a generic payload architecture. The key technology issues are identified,and solutions provided,based on the extensive Marconi Space experience acquired through development of mobile payloads and internal development *** comparisons are made with the issues associated with the proposed global constellation systems.

关键词： Payloads Satellite communication Space technology Mobile communication Artificial satellites Space vehicles

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journal of Plant Ecology 2013年第3期6卷 201-210页

作者： Robert j.Warren II jeffrey K.lake Department of Biology SUNY Buffalo State1300 Elmwood AvenueBuffaloNY 14222USA Department of Biology Adrian CollegeAdrianMI49221USA

Aims The clustering of plants with similar leaf traits along environmental gradients may arise from adaptation as well as acclimation to het-erogeneous habitat *** the forces that shape plant leaf traits requires both linking variation in trait morphology with abiotic gradients and linking that trait variation with plant per-formance under varying abiotic *** the spectrum of plant types,shade-tolerant evergreen herbs are relatively low in trait plasticity,compared to deciduous and sun-adapted *** plants employ stress-tolerant strategies for survival,which coincide with relatively static trait morphologies,slow growth and hence a lower ability to adjust to changing environmental *** We investigate how the survival of two ecologically similar under-story evergreen species,Asarum arifolium and Hepatica nobilis,cor-responds with variation in six commonly measured functional traits(leaf area,specific leaf area,plant height,leaf number,leaf length and shoot mass)along natural and experimental abiotic *** examine temporal(the period 2007-9)and spatial(100 km)variations in these traits after(i)translocating 576 plants across a span from the southerm Appalachian Mountains in NC,USA,to the Piedmont,GA,USA,which includes north-and south-facing slope habitats and(ii)the experimental manipulation of diffuse light and soil *** findings We find that when translocated into a novel habitats,with novel environmental conditions that often are more extreme than the source habitat,both species appear capable of considerable mor-phological acclimation and generally converge to similar trait *** nobilis does not exhibit mean trait values particu-larly different from those of ***,but it demonstrates much greater phenotypic *** results indicate that relatively conservative plant species nonetheless acclimate and survive across heterogeneous environmental conditions.

关键词： Functional traits Asarum arifolium Hepatica nobilis niche specific leaf area understory

Comparisons of oxbow lake fish assemblages in relation to bigheaded carp establishment in the lower White River, Arkansas

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Ecological Processes 2024年第1期13卷 188-205页

作者： Michael A.Eggleton Cody j.Salzmann joseph E.Kaiser Shannon C.F.Smith Department of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Arkansas Game and Fish Commission Virginia Institute of Marine Science

Background Since the late 1990s, bigheaded carps(largely silver carp [Hypophthalmichthys molitrix] but also bighead carp [H. nobilis]) have established throughout the lower Mississippi River basin. Using previously studied oxbow lakes in the lower White River basin, Arkansas, we compared current(2017, “post-carp” establishment) fish assemblages to historical(2002, “pre-carp” establishment) fish assemblages. Fish assemblages were comprehensively assessed using multiple gears, including boat electrofishing, mini-fyke nets, and experimental small-mesh gill *** T-tests suggested that fish assemblage indices of richness, diversity, evenness, and dominance were often greater(P 0.05) between the pre-carp and post-carp period with fish assemblages depicted using mini-fyke nets. Nonmetric multidimensional scaling analyses indicated that fish assemblages differed structurally between pre-carp and post-carp periods. Assemblage differences were linked to both small and large abundance changes for more than 20 species. Abundances of gizzard shad(Dorosoma cepedianum), emerald shiner(Notropis atherinoides), pugnose minnow(Opsopoeodus emiliae), crappies(Pomoxis spp.), bluegill(Lepomis macrochirus), orangespotted sunfish(L. humilis), and yellow bass(Morone mississippiensis) declined between the pre-carp and postcarp periods. Conversely, abundances of weed shiner(N. texanus), pallid shiner(Hybopsis amnis), longear sunfish(L. megalotis), buffalofishes(Ictiobus spp.), and gars(Lepisosteus spp.) generally increased during the same *** Although not possible to conclude assemblage shifts were entirely related to bigheaded carps due to the absence of an appropriate reference system where carps did not establish, the wide establishment of these carps is one of the most pervasive changes to have occurred in the lower White

关键词： Bigheaded carp Silver carp Aquatic nuisance species Fish assemblage Oxbow lake Large river

Uncovering the hierarchical clusters in the heat-affected zone of an electron beam weldedα/βtitanium alloy joint

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journal of Materials Science & Technology 2024年第7期174卷 120-132页

作者： C.Xu X.H.Shao H.j.Yang M.Lv H.Q.Liu X.L.Ma Shenyang National Laboratory for Materials Science Institute of Metal ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesShenyang 110016China School of Materials Science and Engineering University of Science and Technology of ChinaShenyang 110016China Suzhou laboratory Suzhou 215028China Department of Mechanical Engineering Kyushu UniversityFukuoka 819-0395Japan Bay Area Center for Electron Microscopy Songshan Lake Materials LaboratoryDongguan 523808China

Using high-resolution transmission Kikuchi diffraction(TKD)and transmission electron microscopy(TEM),we examined the hierarchical clusters that form in situ in the heat-affected zone(HAZ),which are com-monly referred to as“ghost”structures,of bimodal titanium alloy Ti-5Al-2Sn-2Zr-4Mo-4Cr(wt%,TC17).The ghost structures are enriched with Al elements but poor in Mo and Cr compared to the surroundingβ*** results show that the ghost structure in middle-HAZ mainly consists ofα_(L)laths with a high-angle grain boundary,which exhibits the classic Burgers orientation relationship(BOR)with the host matrix,while it encircles theα_(P)grains in *** the ghost structure is evidenced to form via in-complete martensitic *** results further confirm that the ghost structure is composed ofαL and tinyβ_(L)laths with BOR,with the former being enriched with Al and poor with Cr and Mo,while the latter is the ***,twoα_(L)variant clusters with a check-mark morphology are fre-quently observed viewed along[0001]_(αL)//[110]_(βL)directions,which are dominated by the crystallographic and geometrical relationships betweenαandβ*** on the microstructural characterization,it is hypothesized that the ghost structure is transformed from the initialα_(P)phase,due to the coupling ef-fect of high thermal stress(which induces the formation of a large number of dislocations)and element diffusion caused by sudden temperature increase and plunge cooling in the HAZ during the welding pro-cess.

关键词： TC17 titanium alloy Electron beam welding(EBW) The ghost structure Transmission Kikuchi diffraction(TKD) Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)

Mercury photoreduction and photooxidation in lakes：Effects of filtration and dissolved organic carbon concentration

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journal of Environmental Sciences 2018年第6期30卷 151-159页

作者： Nelson j.O’Driscoll Emma Vost Erin Mann Sara Klapstein Robert Tordon matthew Lukeman Department of Earth & Environmental Science Acadia University Wolfville B4P 2R6 Nova Scotia Canada Environment Canada Dartmouth Nova Scotia Canada Department of Chemistry Acadia University Wolfville B4P 2R6 Nova Scotia Canada

Mercury is a globally distributed, environmental contaminant. Quantifying the retention and loss of mercury is integral for predicting mercury-sensitive ecosystems. There is little information on how dissolved organic carbon（DOC） concentrations and particulates affect mercury photoreaction kinetics in freshwater lakes. To address this knowledge gap,samples were collected from ten lakes in Kejimkujik National Park, Nova Scotia（DOC： 2.6–15.4 mg/L）. Filtered（0.2 μm） and unfiltered samples were analysed for gross photoreduction, gross photooxidation, and net reduction rates of mercury using pseudo first-order curves. Unfiltered samples had higher concentrations（p = 0.04） of photoreducible divalent mercury（Hg（II）RED）（mean of 754 ± 253 pg/L） than filtered samples（mean of 482 ± 206 pg/L）;however, gross photoreduction and photooxidation rate constants were not significantly different in filtered or unfiltered samples in early summer. DOC was not significantly related to gross photoreduction rate constants in filtered（R2= 0.43; p = 0.08） and unfiltered（R2= 0.02; p = 0.71） samples; DOC was also not significantly related to gross photooxidation rate constants in filtered or unfiltered samples. However, DOC was significantly negatively related with Hg（Ⅱ）RED in unfiltered（R2= 0.53; p = 0.04）, but not in filtered samples（R2= 0.04;p = 0.60）. These trends indicate that DOC is a factor in determining dissolved mercury photoreduction rates and particles partially control available Hg（Ⅱ）RED in lake water. This research also demonstrates that within these lakes gross photoreduction and photooxidation processes are close to being in balance. Changes to catchment inputs of particulate matter and DOC may alter mercury retention in these lakes and could partially explain observed increases of mercury accumulation in biota.

关键词： Mercury Photoreduction Photooxidation Dissolved organic carbon(DOC) Particulates Kejimkujik National Park

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