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Cathepsin D overexpression in the nervous system rescues lethality and Aβ42 accumulation of cathepsin D systemic knockout in vivo

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Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica B 2023年第10期13卷 4172-4184页

作者： Xiaosen Ouyang Willayat Y.Wani Gloria A.Benavides matthew j.redmann Hai Vo Thomas van Groen Victor M.Darley-Usmar jianhua Zhang Department of Pathology University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Department of Cell Developmental and Integrative BiologyUniversity of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA Birmingham VA Medical Center University of Alabama at BirminghamBirminghamAL 35294USA

The lysosome is responsible for protein and organelle degradation and homeostasis and the cathepsins play a key role in maintaining protein quality *** D(CTSD),is one such lysosomal protease,which when deficient in humans lead to neurolipofuscinosis(NCL)and is important in removing toxic protein *** studies demonstrated that CTSD germ-line knockout-CtsdKO(CDKO)resulted in accumulation of protein aggregates,decreased proteasomal activities,and postnatal lethality on Day 26±*** of wildtype CTSD,but not cathepsin B,L or mutant CTSD,decreased a-synuclein toxicity in worms and mammalian *** this study we generated a mouse line expressing human CTSD with a floxed STOP cassette between the ubiquitous CAG promoter and the *** crossing with Nestin-cre,the STOP cassette is deleted in NESTIN+cells to allow CTSD overexpression-CTSDtg(CDtg).The CDtg mice exhibited normal behavior and similar sensitivity to subchronic 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine(MPTP)induced *** breeding CDtg mice with CDKO mice,we found that over-expression of CTSD extended the lifespan of the CDKO mice,partially rescued proteasomal deficits and the accumulation of Aβ42 in the *** new transgenic mouse provides supports for the key role of CTSD in protecting against proteotoxicity and offers a new model to study the role of CTSD enhancement in vivo.

关键词： Cathepsin D transgenic mouse Mitochondrial bioenergetics Apoptosis Cathepsin D knockout mice Dopamine Autophagy Lysosome Life expectancy Behavior

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Refining safety considerations for intradialytic blood flow restriction exercise. Commentary on “Concerns on the application of blood-flow restriction resistance exercise and thrombosis risk in hemodialysis patients”

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journal of Sport and Health Science 2024年第4期13卷 455-456页

作者： matthew j.Clarkson Institute for Health and Sport Victoria UniversityMelbourneVIC 8001Australia

I read with great interest the article“Concerns on the application of blood flow restriction resistance exercise and thrombosis risk in hemodialysis patients”by Correa et al.1 The study presents complementary data from a previous randomized controlled trial,2 exploring the application of intradialytic blood flow restriction exercise for hemodialysis patients.

关键词： patients hemodialysis

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Life under tension: the relevance of force on biological polymers

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Biophysics Reports 2024年第1期10卷 48-56页

作者： matthew T.j.Halma Longfu Xu Department of Physics and Astronomy and Laser Lab Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam LUMICKS B.V.

Optical tweezers have elucidated numerous biological processes, particularly by enabling the precise manipulation and measurement of tension. One question concerns the biological relevance of these experiments and the generalizability of these experiments to wider biological systems. Here, we categorize the applicability of the information garnered from optical tweezers in two distinct categories: the direct relevance of tension in biological systems, and what experiments under tension can tell us about biological systems, while these systems do not reach the same tension as the experiment, still, these artificial experimental systems reveal insights into the operations of biological machines and life processes.

关键词： Tension Optical tweezers Molecular force

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Etiology and management of urethral calculi:A systematic review of contemporary series

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Asian journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 10-18页

作者： Andrew Morton Arsalan Tariq Nigel Dunglison Rachel Esler matthew j.Roberts Faculty of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Ipswich HospitalQueenslandAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalQueenslandAustralia The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research HerstonAustralia

Objective:To conduct a systematic literature review on urethral calculi in a contemporary cohort describing etiology,investigation,and management ***:A systematic search of MEDLINE and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(CENTRAL)databases was ***,including case reports and case series on urethral calculi published between january 2000 and December 2019,were ***-text manuscripts were reviewed for clinical parameters including symptomatology,etiology,medical history,investigations,treatment,and *** were collated and analyzed with univariate ***:Seventy-four publications met inclusion criteria,reporting on 95 *** symptoms(41.1%),pain(40.0%),and acute urinary retention(32.6%)were common presenting *** calculi were most often initially investigated using plain X-ray(63.2%),with almost all radio-opaque(98.3%).Urethral calculi were frequently associated with coexistent bladder or upper urinary tract calculi(16.8%)and underlying urethral pathology(53.7%)including diverticulum(33.7%)or stricture(13.7%).Urethral calculi were most commonly managed with external urethrolithotomy(31.6%),retrograde manipulation(22.1%),and endoscopic in situ lithotripsy(17.9%).Conclusion:This unique systematic review of urethral calculi provided a summary of clinical features and treatment trends with a suggested treatment *** in contemporary urological practice should be according to calculus size,shape,anatomical location,and presence of urethral pathology.

关键词： Urinary calculi Urethra Urethral calculi Management algorithm

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Sustained adenosine release:Revealing its impact on osteogenic signalling pathways of human mesenchymal stromal cells

Engineered Regeneration

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Engineered Regeneration 2024年第2期5卷 255-268页

作者： Hadi Hajiali jane McLaren Cristina Gonzalez-García Salah Abdelrazig Dong-Hyun Kim matthew j.Dalby Manuel Salmerón-Sánchez Felicity R.A.j.Rose School of Pharmacy Nottingham Biodiscovery InstituteUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Healthcare Technologies Institute School of Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BirminghamBirminghamUK Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment University of GlasgowGlasgowUK Centre for Analytical Bioscience Advanced Materials&Healthcare Technologies DivisionSchool of PharmacyUniversity of NottinghamNottinghamUK Marine Microbiomics Program in BiologyDivision of Science and MathematicsNew York University Abu Dhabi(NYUAD)P.O.Box 129188Abu DhabiUnited Arab Emirates

Non-healing fractures,a global health concern arising from trauma,osteoporosis,and tumours,can lead to severe ***,integral to cellular energy metabolism,gains prominence in bone regeneration via adeno-sine A2 B receptor *** study introduces a controlled-release system for localized adenosine delivery,fostering human mesenchymal stromal cell(hMSC)differentiation into functional bone *** study investi-gates how the ratio of lactic acid to glycolic acid in microparticles can influence adenosine release and explores the downstream effects on gene expression and metabolic profiles of osteogenic differentiation in hMSCs cultured in growth and osteoinductive *** into adenosine-modulated signalling pathways during MSC differenti-ation,with osteogenic factors,provide a comprehensive understanding of the pathways *** gene expression and metabolic profiles unravels adenosine’s regulatory mechanisms in MSC *** adenosine release from microparticles induces mineralization,synergizing with osteogenic media supplements,showcasing the potential of adenosine for treating critical bone defects and metabolic *** study high-lights the efficacy of a polymeric microparticle-based delivery system,offering novel strategies for bone *** adenosine’s roles and associated signalling pathways advances our comprehension of molecular mech-anisms steering bone regeneration,propelling innovative biomaterial,combined with metabolites,approaches for clinical use.

关键词： Adenosine release Osteogenic signalling pathways Human mesenchymal stromal cells Bone regeneration

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New insights on the high-corrosion resistance of UHP Mg-Ge alloys tested in a simulated physiological environment

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journal of Magnesium and Alloys 2024年第3期12卷 1026-1044页

作者： Ting Liu Xingrui Chen jeffrey Venezuela Yuan Wang Zhiming Shi Wenyi Chen matthew Dargusch Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing(AMPAM) School of Mechanical and Mining Engineeringthe University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia CSIRO Mineral Resources 1 Technology CourtPullenvaleQLD 4069Australia

UHP Mg-Ge alloys was recently found to provide excellent corrosion *** paper provides new insights on the mechanism of improved corrosion resistance of UHP Mg-Ge alloys in Hanks’*** studied UHP Mg-0.5Ge and UHP Mg-1Ge alloys showed superior corrosion resistance compared to UHP Mg and WE43,with the Mg-1Ge exhibiting the best corrosion *** exceptional corrosion resistance of the UHP alloy is attributed to(i)Mg_(2)Ge’s ability to suppress cathodic kinetics,(ii)Ge’s capability to accelerate the formation of a highly passive layer,and the(iii)low amounts of corrosion-accelerating impurities.

关键词： UHP Mg-Ge alloy Cathodic kinetics suppression Biodegradable metals In vitro corrosion Magnesium corrosion.

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Error field penetration in j-TEXT tokamak based on two-fluid drift-MHD model

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Chinese Physics B 2024年第4期33卷 545-551页

作者：王文徐涛张仪 the j-TEXT team State Key Laboratory of Advanced Electromagnetic Technology International Joint Research Laboratory of Magnetic Confinement Fusion and Plasma PhysicsSchool of Electrical and Electronic EngineeringHuazhong University of Science and TechnologyWuhan 430074China

An externally generated resonant magnetic perturbation can induce complex non-ideal MHD responses in their resonant *** have studied the plasma responses using Fitzpatrick's improved two-fluid model and program *** calculated the error field penetration threshold for *** addition,we find that the island width increases slightly as the error field amplitude increases when the error field amplitude is below the critical penetration ***,the island width suddenly jumps to a large value because the shielding effect of the plasma against the error field disappears after the *** scanning the natural mode frequency,we find that the shielding effect of the plasma decreases as the natural mode frequency ***,we obtain the m/n=2/1 penetration threshold scaling on density and temperature.

关键词： plasma responses drift-MHD model error field penetration

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The risk of prostate cancer on incidental finding of an avid prostate uptake on 2-deoxy-2-[^(18)F]fluoro-D-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography for non-prostate cancer-related pathology:A single centre retrospective study

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Asian journal of Urology 2024年第1期11卷 33-41页

作者： Anthony Franklin Troy Gianduzzo Boon Kua David Wong Louise McEwan james Walters Rachel Esler matthew j.Roberts Geoff Coughlina john W.Yaxley Department of Urology The Wesley HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia Wesley Medical Research BrisbaneQLDAustralia School of Medicine The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Radiology Wesley Medical ImagingBrisbaneQLDAustralia Department of Urology Royal Brisbane and Women's HospitalBrisbaneQLDAustralia

Objective:To review the risk of prostate cancer(PCa)in men with incidentally reported increased intraprostatic uptake at 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-d-glucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography(18F-FDG PET/CT)ordered at Department of Urology,The Wesley Hospital,Brisbane,QLD,Australia for non-PCa related ***:Retrospective analysis of consecutive men between August 2014 and August 2019 presenting to a single institution for 18F-FDG PET/CT for non-prostate related conditions was *** were classified as benign,indeterminate,or malignant depending of the results of prostate-specific antigen(PSA),PSA velocity,biopsy histopathology,and three-Tesla(3 T)multiparametric MRI(mpMRI)Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System score,or gallium-68-prostate-specific membrane antigen(68Ga-PSMA)PET/CT ***:Three percent(273/9122)of men demonstrated 18F-FDG avidity within the ***-five percent(231/273)were further investigated,including with PSA tests(227/231,98.3%),3 T mpMRI(68/231,29.4%),68Ga-PSMA PET/CT(33/231,14.3%),and prostate biopsy(57/231,24.7%).Results were considered benign in 130/231(56.3%),indeterminate in 31/231(13.4%),and malignant in 70/231(30.3%).PCa was identified in 51/57(89.5%)of the men who proceeded to biopsy,including 26/27(96.3%)men with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System scores 4-5 mpMRI and six men with a positive 68Ga-PSMA PET/*** most common Gleason score on biopsy was greater than or equal to 4+5(14/51,27.5%).68Ga-PSMA PET/CT was concordant with the 18F-FDG findings in 26/33(78.8%).All 13 men with a positive concordant 18F-FDG,3 T mpMRI,and 68Ga-PSMA PET/CT had PCa on *** was no statistically significant difference in the 18F-FDG maximum standardized uptake value between the benign or malignant groups(5.7 vs.6.1;p=0.580).Conclusion:In this study,after an incidental finding of an avid intraprostatic lesion on 18F-FDG PET/CT,70 of the 231 cases(30.3%;0.8%of the entire cohort)had results c

关键词： Prostatecancer Positionemission tomography Multiparametric magneticresonance imaging Prostatebiopsy

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Photoionisation detection of a single Er3+ ion with sub-100-ns time resolution

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National Science Review 2024年第4期11卷 38-45页

作者： Yangbo Zhang Wenda Fan jiliang Yang Hao Guan Qi Zhang Xi Qin Changkui Duan Gabriele G.de Boo Brett C.johnson jeffrey C.Mc Callum matthew j.Sellars Sven Rogge Chunming Yin jiangfeng Du CAS Key Laboratory of Microscale Magnetic Resonance and School of Physical Sciences University of Science and Technology of China CAS Center for Excellence in Quantum Information and Quantum Physics University of Science and Technology of China Hefei National Laboratory University of Science and Technology of China Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology School of Physics University of New South Wales Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology School of Engineering RMIT University Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology School of Physics University of Melbourne Centre of Excellence for Quantum Computation and Communication Technology Research School of Physics and Engineering Australian National University

Efficient detection of single optical centres in solids is essential for quantum information processing, sensing and single-photon generation *** this work,we use radio-frequency（RF） reflectometry to electrically detect the photoionisation induced by a single Er3+ion in *** high bandwidth and sensitivity of the RF reflectometry provide sub-100-ns time resolution for the photoionisation *** this technique,the optically excited state lifetime of a single Er3+ion in a Si nano-transistor is measured for the first time to be 0.49±0.04μ*** results demonstrate an efficient approach for detecting a charge state change induced by Er excitation and *** approach could be used for fast readout of other single optical centres in solids and is attractive for large-scale integrated optical quantum systems thanks to the multi-channel RF reflectometry demonstrated with frequency multiplexing techniques.

关键词： single optical centres erbium ions RF reflectometry photoionisation detection

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Are there sex-based disparities in cataract surgery?

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International journal of Ophthalmology(English edition) 2024年第1期17卷 137-143页

作者： matthew D.Geiger Anne M.Lynch Alan G.Palestine Nathan C.Grove Karen L.Christopher Richard S.Davidson Michael j.Taravella Naresh Mandava jennifer L.Patnaik Department of Ophthalmology University of Colorado School of MedicineAuroraCO 80045USA

AIM:To investigate sex-based differences in the occurrence of intra-operative and post-operative complications and associated visual outcomes following cataract ***:This was a retrospective study of patients who had phacoemulsification cataract surgery at the University of Colorado School of *** collected included the patient’s health history,ocular comorbidities,operative and post-operative complications,and the post-operative best corrected visual acuity(BCVA).The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariable logistic regression with generalized estimating equations to account for the correlation of some patients having two eyes included in the ***:A total of 11977 eyes from 7253 patients were included in the *** comorbidities differed by sex,with males having significantly higher percentages of traumatic cataracts(males 0.7%vs females 0.1%),prior ocular surgery(6.7%vs 5.5%),and mature cataracts(2.8%vs 1.9%).Conversely,females had significantly higher rates of pseudoexfoliation(2.0%vs 3.2%).In unadjusted analysis,males had higher rates of posterior capsular rupture(0.8%vs 0.4%)and vitreous loss(1.0%vs 0.6%),but this difference was not significant after adjustment for *** had a significantly increased risk of post-operative retinal detachment,but in multivariable analysis this was no longer *** were significantly less likely to undergo post-operative neodymium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet(Nd:YAG)laser capsulotomy for posterior capsule opacification(OR=0.8,95%CI=0.7-0.9,P=0.0005).The BCVA was slightly worse for males pre-operatively;but post-operatively,both sexes exhibited similar visual acuity of Snellen equivalent 20/***:The study finds that in a cohort of patients presenting for cataract surgery,sex differences exist in pre-operative comorbidities and surgical characteristics that contribute to higher rates of some complications for ***,observed surgical complicatio

关键词： cataract surgery sex-based disparity phacoemulsification outcomes

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