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Relationship between parent perception of child anthropometric phenotype and body mass index change among children with developmental disabilities

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World Journal of Pediatrics 2021年第2期17卷 210-214页

作者： Lu-Yu Xie Folefac D.Atem Sari Bar matthew Sunil Mathew Cynthia Lebron Catherina Chang Ruby Natale Sarah e.Messiah University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Public HealthDallas CampusDallasTXUSA Center for Pediatric Population Health UTHealth School of Public Health and Children's Health System of TexasDallasTXUSA Department of Pediatrics University of Texas Southwestern Medical CenterDallasTXUSA Department of Public Health Sciences University of MiamiMiamiFLUSA Nova Southeastern University DavieFLUSA Department of Pediatrics University of Miami Miller School of MedicineMiamiFLUSA

Background Preschool-age children with developmental disabilities(DD)have higher prevalence of obesity than children without *** study aimed to explore the relationship between parent perception of their children's anthropometric phe-notype and child body mass index(BMI)z score change over one school year among preschoolers with *** The analysis consisted of a subsample(N=64)of children with DD from a larger randomized controlled trial to test an obesity prevention program in the childcare center *** ranks their child's anthropometric phenotype on a visual silhouette chart on a scale from 1(underweight)to 7(obese)and that rank score is compared to their BMI z score change over one school *** The majority(75%)of parents with an obese child underestimated their child's anthropometric phenotype while 7%parents with a non-obese child *** overestimation of child anthropometric phenotype status is associated with increased BMI z score change over 1 school year among preschool-age children with *** Parental overestimation of child anthropometric phenotype status was associated with weight gain in preschool children with DD after one school year.

关键词： Anthropometric phenotype Children Developmental disabilities Obesity Weight perception

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Gain in polycrystalline Nd-doped alumina: leveraging length scales to create a new class of high-energy, short pulse, tunable laser materials

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Light(Science & Applications) 2018年第1期7卷 783-794页

作者： elias H.Penilla Luis F.Devia-Cruz matthew A.Duarte Corey L.Hardin Yasuhiro Kodera Javier e.Garay Advanced Materials Processing and Synthesis(AMPS)Laboratory UC San DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA Materials Science&engineering and Mechanical&Aerospace engineering University of CaliforniaSan DiegoLa JollaCA 92093USA

Traditionally accepted design paradigms dictate that only optically isotropic(cubic)crystal structures with high equilibrium solubilities of optically active ions are suitable for polycrystalline laser gain *** restriction of symmetry is due to light scattering caused by randomly oriented anisotropic crystals,whereas the solubility problem arises from the need for sufficient active dopants in the *** criteria limit material choices and exclude materials that have superior thermo-mechanical properties than state-of-the-art laser ***(Al_(2)O_(3))is an ideal example;it has a higher fracture strength and thermal conductivity than today’s gain materials,which could lead to revolutionary laser ***,alumina has uniaxial optical proprieties,and the solubility of rare earths(Res)is two-to-three orders of magnitude lower than the dopant concentrations in typical Re-based gain *** present new strategies to overcome these obstacles and demonstrate gain in a Re-doped alumina(Nd:Al_(2)O_(3))for the first *** key insight relies on tailoring the crystallite size to other important length scales—the wavelength of light and interatomic dopant distances,which minimize optical losses and allow successful Nd *** result is a laser gain medium with a thermo-mechanical figure of merit of R_(s)~19,500 Wm^(−1) a 24-fold and 19,500-fold improvements over the high-energy-laser leaders Nd:YAG(R_(s)~800Wm^(−1))and Nd:Glass(R_(s)~1Wm^(−1)),***,the emission bandwidth of Nd:Al_(2)O_(3) is broad:~13 *** successful demonstration of gain and high bandwidth in a medium with superior R_(s) can lead to the development of lasers with previously unobtainable highpeak powers,short pulses,tunability,and high-duty cycles.

关键词： dopant tunable high

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UAS-Based Plant Phenotyping for Research and Breeding Applications

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Plant Phenomics 2021年第1期3卷 242-262页

作者： Wei Guo matthew e.Carroll Arti Singh Tyson L.Swetnam Nirav Merchant Soumik Sarkar Asheesh K.Singh Baskar Ganapathysubramanian Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences The University of TokyoJapan Department of Agronomy Iowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA BIO5 Institute University of ArizonaTucsonUSA Data Science Institute University of ArizonaTucsonUSA Department of Mechanical engineering Iowa State UniversityAmesIowaUSA

Unmanned aircraft system(UAS)is a particularly powerful tool for plant phenotyping,due to reasonable cost of procurement and deployment,ease and flexibility for control and operation,ability to reconfigure sensor payloads to diversify sensing,and the ability to seamlessly fit into a larger connected phenotyping *** advantages have expanded the use of UAS-based plant phenotyping approach in research and breeding *** paper reviews the state of the art in the deployment,collection,curation,storage,and analysis of data from UAS-based phenotyping *** discuss pressing technical challenges,identify future trends in UAS-based phenotyping that the plant research community should be aware of,and pinpoint key plant science and agronomic questions that can be resolved with the next generation of UAS-based imaging modalities and associated data analysis *** review provides a broad account of the state of the art in UAS-based phenotyping to reduce the barrier to entry to plant science practitioners interested in deploying this imaging modality for phenotyping in plant breeding and research areas.

关键词： breeding Plant payload

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Petrophysical Tutorial, Lessons Learned, and evaluation Workflow: A Case Study in the Power River Basin

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Natural Science 2021年第5期13卷 140-190页

作者： Stephanie e. Perry matthew White GeoMark Research Houston TX USA

The objective is to empower the reader and scientific community with the knowledge and specific applicable equations to then reproduce the critical rock and fluid attributes in the Powder River Basin. To then continue to unravel the basin and its potential (both conventionally and unconventionally). The overall goal is to ensure the transfer of knowledge and communication of a petrophysical workflow that can then also influence application to other basins worldwide. The Powder River Basin is in southeast Montana and northeast Wyoming and is a prolific oil and gas (hydrocarbon-prone) sedimentary basin related to the greater Rockies chain/series of hydrocarbon-bearing basins (ex. Big Horn, Greater Green River, Denver-Jules). In this study, we briefly set-up the geological background of the Powder River Basin and the importance/ relevance to then tackling subsurface petrophysical evaluation on a regional scale. Approximately, 200 wells were evaluated petrophysically by a combined deterministic and inversion-based workflow representing an effort to share best practices, approaches, and the relative trends to apply in the basin to unravel the stratigraphic hydrocarbon potential in place. An extensive workflow involving basic petrophysical approaches such as raw log applicable cutoffs and volume of clay determination are shared as well as extending knowledge and application into advanced petrophysics through geochemical property derivation and impact of those derived properties as well as bound versus free water and hydrocare="font-family:Verdana;">bon understanding. Results of the petrophysical analysis highlight the varying properties in conventional and unconventi

关键词： Petrophysics Wireline Workflow Niobrara Power River

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A critical evaluation of subjective ratings： Unacquainted observers can reliably assess certain personality traits

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Current Zoology 2014年第2期60卷 162-169页

作者： matthew B.PeTeLLe Daniel T.BLUMSTeIN Department of ecology and evolutionary Biology University of California Los Angeles CA 90095-1606 USA Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory Crested Butte CO 81224 USA

Methods to measure consistent individual differences in behavior （i.e. animal personality） fall into two categories, subjective ratings and behavioral codings. Ratings are seldom used despite being potentially more efficient than codings. One potential limitation for the use of ratings is that it is assumed that long-term observers or experts in the field are required to score individuals. This can be problematic in many cases, especially for long-term ecological studies where there is high turnover in personnel. We tested whether raters who were unacquainted with subjects could produce reliable and valid personality assessments of yellow-bellied marmots Marmota flaviventris. Two raters, previously unacquainted with individuals and marmot be- havior, scored 130 subjects on fifteen different adjectives in both open-field （OF） and mirror image stimulation （MIS） trials. eight OF and nine MIS adjectives were reliable as indicated by both a high degree of intra-observer and inter-observer reliability. Additionally, some ratings were externally valid, correlating with behavioral codings. Our data suggest that activity/exploration and sociability can be a reliable and valid measurement of personality traits in studies where raters were unacquainted with subjects. These traits are observable with the personality tests we used; otherwise researchers using unacquainted raters should be cautious in the tests they employ [Current Zoology 60 （2）： 162-169, 2014].

关键词： Animal personality Behavior codings Marmots Subjective ratings

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The effects of sun exposure on carotenoid accumulation and oxidative stress in the retina of the House Finch(Haemorhous mexicanus)

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Chinese Birds 2016年第1期7卷 56-67页

作者： matthew B.Toomey Kevin J.McGraw School of Life Sciences Arizona State University Department of Pathology and Immunology Washington University Medical School

Background: Diet-derived carotenoid pigments are concentrated in the retinas of birds and serve a variety of functions, including photoprotection. In domesticated bird species(e.g., chickens and quail), retinal carotenoid pigmentation has been shown to respond to large manipulations in light exposure and provide protection against photodamage. However, it is not known if or how wild birds respond to ecologically relevant variation in sun ***: We manipulated the duration of natural sunlight exposure and dietary carotenoid levels in wild-caught captive House Finches(Haemorhous mexicanus), then measured carotenoid accumulation and oxidative stress in the ***: We found no significant effects of sun exposure on retinal levels of carotenoids or lipid peroxidation, in replicate experiments, in winter(Jan–Mar) and spring/summer(May–June). Dietary carotenoid supplementation in the spring/summer experiment led to significantly higher retinal carotenoid levels, but did not affect lipid peroxidation. Carotenoid levels differed significantly between the winter and spring/summer experiments, with higher retinal and lower plasma carotenoid levels in birds from the later ***: Our results suggest that variation in the duration of exposure to direct sunlight have limited influence on intraspecific variation in retinal carotenoid accumulation, but that accumulation may track other seasonal–environmental cues and physiological processes.

关键词： Carotenoids Haemorhous mexicanus House Finch Photostress Vision

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A Scalable Testing Framework for Location-Based Services

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Journal of Computer Science & Technology 2009年第2期24卷 386-404页

作者： Jiang Yu Andrew Tappenden James Miller Michael smith University of Alberta Edmonton T6G 2E1 Canada University of Calgary Calgary T2N 1N4 Canada

A novel testing framework for location based services is introduced. In particular, the paper showcases a novel architecture for such a framework. The implementation of the framework illustrates both the functionality and the feasibility of the framework proposed and the utility of the architecture. The new framework is evaluated through comparison to several other methodologies currently available for the testing of location-based applications. A case study is presented in which the testing framework was applied to a typical mobile service tracking system. It is concluded that the proposed testing framework achieves the best coverage of the entire location based service testing problem of the currently available methodologies; being equipped to test the widest array of application attributes and allowing for the automation of testing activities.

关键词： location based applications location-based services M-commerce software testing

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Shape Control of Doped Semiconductor Nanocrystals (d-Dots)

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Nano Research 2008年第2期1卷 138-144页

作者： Ranjani Viswanatha David M.Battaglia Mark e.Curtis Tetsuya D.Mishima matthew B.Johnson Xiaogang Peng Department of Chemistry&Biochemistry University of ArkansasFayettevilleAR 72701USA NN-Labs LLC FayettevilleAR 72703USA Joint MRSeC at the University of Oklahoma and the University of Arkansas FayettevilleAR 72701USA Homer L.Dodge Department of Physics and Astronomy University of OklahomaNormanOK 73019USA

Formation of Mn2+-doped ZnSe quantum dots(Mn:ZnSe d-dots)with both branched and nearly spherical shapes has been *** analysis indicates that the Mn2+dopants were localized in the core of a branched *** growth of branched d-dots,rather than spherical ones,was achieved by simply varying the concentration of two organic additives,fatty acids,and fatty *** photoluminescence properties of the branched nanocrystals were explored and compared with those of the nearly spherical particles.

关键词： Doped quantum dot(d-dot) shape control photoluminescence

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零油冷对改善压燃式发动机有效热效率的评估

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汽车与新动力 2021年第1期4卷 54-59页

作者： [美]B.DeNTON [美]e.smith [美]J.MIWA [美]D.C.BITSIS 张然治(译) 不详

随着柴油机排放法规的日趋严格,以及对提高发动机整体热效率的期望,对各种燃烧方式进行了研究和研究。获取更高效率的途径之一是减少缸内传热。探索了1种旨在通过提高活塞温度来减少缸内传热的概念。为了提高活塞温度并理想地减少缸内传... 详细信息

随着柴油机排放法规的日趋严格,以及对提高发动机整体热效率的期望,对各种燃烧方式进行了研究和研究。获取更高效率的途径之一是减少缸内传热。探索了1种旨在通过提高活塞温度来减少缸内传热的概念。为了提高活塞温度并理想地减少缸内传热,对零油冷(ZOC)活塞进行了研究。为了研究这1技术,对测试发动机进行了修改,以使其停用活塞油冷,从而可以评估其对诸如有效热效率(BTe)、活塞温度和排放等参数的影响。该发动机配备了用于燃烧分析的缸内压力测量装置,以及用于评估活塞顶温度的活塞温度遥测系统。研究讨论了对发动机进行修改以实现ZOC并进行测试的过程。给出有/无油冷发动机和活塞的遥测数据,以验证油冷对BTe和活塞温度的影响。研究发现,发动机负荷受活塞金属温度的限制。在可能的情况下,停用活塞油冷却,通过减少机油泵的功率需求来减少摩擦。在所测试的发动机转速下,在未超过活塞温度极限的一系列负荷下,BTe改善了1%。在本试验条件下。分析损失减少途径与燃油能量的关系,可知在整个测试负荷范围内,缸内传热均降低了1%。未来研究可将ZOC概念与先进的活塞表面涂层相结合,以降低金属温度,从而扩大可实现高效率目标的转速和负荷范围。

关键词：零油冷活塞压燃式发动机有效热效率改善评估

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Safety Analysis of the eco-Approach and Departure Application at a Signalized Corridor

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Tsinghua Science and Technology 2018年第2期23卷 157-171页

作者： Weixia Li Guoyuan Wu Yi Zhang matthew J. Barth Department of Automation Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China. Bourns College of engineering-Center for environmental Research and Technology (Ce-CeRT) University of California Riverside CA 92507 USA.

Various intelligent transportation systems and strategies for reducing vehicle fuel consumption and emissions have been developed. energy and emissions could be reduced with the compromise of travel time in some environment-focused Connected Vehicle(CV) applications, which highlighted performance measures in terms of mobility and sustainability. Nevertheless, few studies have focused on safety assessment of such CV applications. In this study, a CV-based eco-driving application, namely, eco-Approach and Departure(eAD), is selected as an example. A microscopic safety analysis tool, Surrogate Safety Assessment Model(SSAM), is utilized to assess the safety influence of eAD application in multiple scenarios. Further analysis is performed from two perspectives:(1) application users, i.e., eAD-equipped vehicles versus unequipped vehicles; and(2) traffic operators, i.e., overall traffic performance with and without the introduction of eAD. For each perspective, conflict statistics(e.g., frequency, time-to-collision distribution), overall and by type, are analyzed. Results indicate eAD is beneficial in improving the safety performance of equipped vehicles. The influence of eAD on overall traffic is scenario dependent, and a high penetration rate shows positive effects on network-wide safety benefits for most scenarios.

关键词： eco-Approach and Departure(eAD) Surrogate Safety Assessment Model(SSAM) safety analysis conflict type Time-To-Collision(TTC)

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