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Gas Exchange Rates of Texas Persimmon (Diospyros texana ) in Central Texas Woodlands

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American Journal of Plant Sciences（美国植物学期刊） 2024年第5期 329页

作者： matthew b.grunstra Oscar W.Van Auken

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Gas Exchange Rates of Texas Persimmon (Diospyros texana) in Central Texas Woodlands

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2024年第5期15卷 329-348页

作者： matthew b. grunstra Oscar W. Van Auken Department of Integrative biology University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX USA

Diospyros texana (Texas persimmon) is a secondary species in most Juniperus ashei/Quercus fusiformis woodlands in central Texas. It has high density, but plants are mostly in the community understory. Light response curves at ambient and elevated levels of COb>2b> and temperature were measured for D. texana. The Ab>netb> (photosynthetic rate) increased significantly as both light level and COb>2b> levels increased but not temperature. The Ab>maxb> (maximum photosynthetic rate) of D. texana in full sun at elevated levels of COb>2b> was increased for all treatments. Stomatal conductance increased with levels of COb>2b> but only if the interaction was removed from the model. Intercellular levels of COb>2b> increased with both temperature and COb>2b> treatments as did water use efficiency (WUE). Furthermore, light saturation (Lb>satb>) increased with COb>2b> treatments and light compensation (Lb>cpb>) increased with temperature. The dark respiration (Rb>db>) increased with both temperature and COb>2b> treatments. Markov population models suggested D. texana populations would remain ecologically similar in the future. However, sub-canopy light levels and herbivory should be considered when examining population projections. For example, Juniperus ashei juveniles are not recruited into any canopy unless there are high light levels. Herbivory reduces the success of Quercus juveniles from reaching the canopy. These factors do not seem to be a problem for D. texana juveniles which would allow them to reach the canopy without need of a high light gap and are not prevented by herbivory. Thus, Juniperus/Quercus woodlands will change in the future to woodlands with D. texana a more common species.

关键词： Replacement Dynamics Ecological Succession CO2 Concentrations Temperature Levels Photosynthetic Rates Drought Tolerance Herbivory Species Replacement Encroachment Juniper

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Comparative Gas Exchange of Ulmus crassifolia (Cedar Elm, Ulmaceae) and Ungnadia speciosa (Mexican buckey, Sapindaceae) at Ambient and Elevated Levels of Light, COb>2b> and Temperature

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American Journal of Plant Sciences 2023年第6期14卷 691-709页

作者： matthew b. grunstra Oscar W. Van Auken Department of Integrative biology University of Texas at San Antonio San Antonio TX USA

Ulmus crassifolia Nutt. (Cedar elm, Ulmaceae) is a tree found in central and east Texas, northern Mexico, east to Florida, and north to southern Missouri and Oklahoma. Ungnadia speciosa Endl. (Mexican-buckeye, Sapindaceae) is a shrub or small tree found in woodlands and savannas of central and western Texas, southern New Mexico and northern Mexico. In central Texas, both species are found in Juniperus ashei/Quercus virginiana woodlands or savannas or also at low density in inter-canopy grassland gaps or patches. Environmental conditions in this area are stressful because of shallow soils, high summer temperatures, and inconsistent low rainfall. Currently, both species have a low density in these areas, and Ulmus crassifolia is usually a tree, while Ungnadia speciosa is a woody understory shrub. This study suggests U. crassifolia and U. speciosa are tolerant or intermediate species, with juveniles starting in shade. Maximum photosynthetic rate (Ab>maxb>), dark respiration (Rb>db>), intercellular COb>2b>, light saturation (Lb>spb>) and water use efficiency significantly increased when light levels and COb>2b> concentrations were elevated for both species, but not when temperatures were elevated. Stomatal conductance decreased when the COb>2b> concentration doubled, but there were few effects from elevated temperature. These findings suggest that U. speciosa and U. crassifolia should be more common and imply that they will have a higher density in a future high COb>2b> environment.

关键词： Light Response Gas Exchange Photosynthesis Respiration Water Use Efficiency

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Comparative Gas Exchange of Ulmus crassifolia (Cedar Elm, Ulmaceae) and Ungnadia speciosa(Mexican buckey, Sapindaceae) at Ambient and Elevated Levels of Light, CO2 and Temperature

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American Journal of Plant Sciences（美国植物学期刊） 2023年第6期

作者： matthew b. grunstra Oscar W. Van Auken

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