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Proterozoic tectonothermal processes imaged with magnetotellurics and seismic reflection in southern Australia

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Geoscience Frontiers 2020年第3期11卷 885-893页

作者： Tom wise Stephan Thiel Geological Survey of South Australia Department for Energy and MiningAdelaideSA5005Australia School of Earth and Environmental Sciences University of AdelaideAdelaideSA5005Australia

Over the last two decades,co-located seismic and magnetotelluric(MT) profiles provided fundamental geophysical data sets to image the Australian *** their complimentary nature,the data are processed and often interpreted separately without common processes in *** here qualitatively compare 2 D resistivity inversion models derived from MT and seismic reflection profiles across a region of Archean-Proterozoic Australia to address the causes of variations in seismic response and anomalous conductivity in the *** find that there exists a spatial association between regions of low reflectivity in seismic sections and low resistivity in co-located2 D MT modelled *** relationships elucidate possible signatures of past magmatic and fluid-related *** on their diffuse or discrete character,we hypothesize these signatures signify fossil melting of the crust due to mafic underplating,magma movement or hydrothermal fluid flow through the *** approach discussed herein is a process-oriented approach to interpretation of geophysical images and a significant extension to traditional geophysical methods which are primarily sensitive to a singular bulk rock property or state.

关键词： Magnetotellurics Seismic reflection Resistivity

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上班衣服乱搭,下班迪丽热巴

High strength and ductility of titanium matrix composites by nanoscale design in selective laser melting

中国新闻周刊 2024年第10期 80-80页

作者： matthew田纳西木杉欢儿李润

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2022年第23期118卷 114-127页

作者： Joseph A.Otte Jin Zou matthew S.Dargusch School of Mechanical and Mining Engineering The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia Center for Microscopy and Microanalysis The University of QueenslandBrisbaneQLD 4072Australia

The use of selective laser melting(SLM)to produce titanium matrix composites(TMCs)with high strength while retaining sufficient tensile ductility suitable for structural applications is emerging as an attractive opportunity in the field of advanced ***,the presence of coarse ceramic reinforcements as well as difficulties in optimizing the SLM process is a barrier to the application of *** this study,we demonstrated the production of TMCs reinforced with in situ high aspect ratio Ti B nanowhiskers by selective laser melting using nanosized BN powder *** Ti with 2.5 vol.%nanosized BN powder showed promise for producing high performance TMCs with retained *** acted to produce Ti B nanowhiskers with diameter<50 ***,by controlling post process furnace annealing Ti B retained a low diameter but exhibited a high aspect ratio,up to *** addition to Ti B refinement,nanosized BN addition promoted grain refinement during SLM,both acting as a solute to induce nucleation events and,as Ti B is formed,providing nucleation sites leading to an ultrafine grain structure in as printed samples and after *** produced TMCs exhibit high tensile yield strength,up to1392 MPa,while retaining tensile ductility up to 10%.This study has shown how nanoscale design in powder bed fusion additive manufacturing techniques can be used to produce high performance TMCs through a combination of refined grain structure and high aspect ratio Ti B leading to TMCs with significant improvement in strength,isotropic properties and retained tensile ductility.

关键词： Additive manufacturing Selective laser melting Metal matrix composite Mechanical properties Nanostructure Nanowires

Viral hepatitis:Past,present,and future

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World Journal of Gastroenterology 2022年第14期28卷 1405-1429页

作者： matthew August Odenwald Sonali Paul Department of Medicine Section of GastroenterologyHepatologyand NutritionCenter for Liver DiseasesUniversity of ChicagoChicagoIL 60637United States

Each hepatitis virus—Hepatitis A,B,C,D,E,and G—poses a distinct scenario to the patient and clinician *** the discovery of each virus,extensive knowledge regarding epidemiology,virologic properties,and the natural clinical and immunologic history of acute and chronic infections has been *** discoveries about host immunologic responses to acute and chronic viral infections,combined with virologic data,has led to vaccines to prevent Hepatitis A,B,and E and highly efficacious antivirals for Hepatitis B and *** therapeutic breakthroughs are transforming the fields of hepatology,transplant medicine in general,and public and global *** notably,there is even an ambitious global effort to eliminate chronic viral hepatitis within the next *** attainable,there are many barriers to this goal that are being actively investigated in basic and clinical labs on the local,national,and international ***,we discuss pertinent clinical information and recent organizational guidelines for each of the individual hepatitis viruses while also synthesizing this information with the latest research to focus on exciting future directions for each virus.

关键词： Viral Hepatitis Hepatitis A Hepatitis B Hepatitis C Hepatitis D Hepatitis E Hepatitis G

Numerical Analysis of Microchannels Designed for Heat Sinks

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Nanomanufacturing and Metrology 2022年第4期5卷 354-369页

作者： matthew McCormack Fengzhou Fang Jufan Zhang Centre of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology(MNMT-Dublin) School of Mechanical&Materials EngineeringUniversity College DublinDublin 4Ireland State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology and Instruments Laboratory of Micro/Nano Manufacturing Technology(MNMT)Tianjin UniversityTianjin300072China

Conjugate heat transfer is numerically investigated using a three-dimensional computational fluid dynamics approach in various microchannel geometries to identify a high-performance cooling method for piezoelectric ceramic stacks and spindle units in high-precision *** microchannels with rectangular cross sections are first considered,showing the performance limitations of decreasing the size of the microchannels,so other solutions are needed for high applied heat ***,many microchannel designs,focusing on streamwise geometric variation,are compared to straight channels to assess their *** varying channels produce the highest heat transfer rates of those ***,their optimization is considered at a channel width and height of 35 and 100μm,*** transfer increases as the amplitude and spatial frequencies of the channels increase due to increased interfacial surface area and enhanced Dean *** highest performance efficiencies are observed at intermediate levels of amplitude and frequency,with efficiency decreasing as these geometric parameters are increased further at the onset of flow *** sinusoidal channel geometries are then optimized with respect to minimizing the system’s pressure drop for all applied heat fluxes between 5690 and 6510 kW/*** so created an optimal geometry curve and showed that all geometries in this region had amplitudes close to 40μ***,imposing a fixed heat flux requirement for a case study of cooling piezoelectric ceramics,the optimized sinusoidal geometry decreases the system pressure drop by 79%relative to a straight channel while maintaining a larger minimum feature size.

关键词： Microchannel Heat sink Conjugate heat transfer Numerical simulation

Urban heat mitigation by green and blue infrastructure:Drivers,effectiveness,and future needs

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The Innovation 2024年第2期5卷 145-166页

作者： Prashant Kumar Sisay E.Debele Soheila Khalili Christos H.Halios Jeetendra Sahani Nasrin Aghamohammadi Maria de Fatima Andrade Maria Athanassiadou Kamaldeep Bhui Nerea Calvillo Shi-Jie Cao Frederic Coulon Jill L.Edmondson David Fletcher Edmilson Dias de Freitas Hai Guo matthew C.Hort Madhusudan Katti Thomas Rodding Kjeldsen Steffen Lehmann Giuliano Maselli Locosselli Shelagh K.Malham Lidia Morawska Rajan Parajuli Christopher D.F.Rogers Runming Yao Fang Wang Jannis Wenk Laurence Jones Global Centre for Clean Air Research(GCARE) School of SustainabilityCivil and Environmental EngineeringFaculty of Engineering and Physical SciencesUniversity of SurreyGuildford GU27XHUK Institute for Sustainability University of SurreyGuildford GU27XHSurreyUK School of Built Environment University of ReadingWhiteknightsReading RG66BUUK School Design and the Built Environment Curtin University Sustainability Policy InstituteKent StBentley 6102Western Australia Harry Butler Institute Murdoch UniversityMurdoch 6150Western Australia Atmospheric Sciences Department Institute of AstronomyGeophysics and Atmospheric SciencesUniversity of Sao PauloSao Paulo 05508-090Brazil Met Office FitzRoy RoadExeter EX13PBUK Department of Psychiatry and Nuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences Wadham CollegeUniversity of OxfordOxfordUK Centre for Interdisciplinary Methodologies University of WarwickWarwickUK School of Architecture Southeast University2 SipailouNanjing 210096China Cranfield University School of WaterEnvironment and EnergyCranfield MK430ALUK Plants PhotosynthesisSoil ClusterSchool of BiosciencesUniversity of SheffieldSheffield S102TNUK UK Centre for Ecology&Hydrology Environment Centre WalesDeiniol RoadBangor LL572UWUK Air Quality Studies Department of Civil and Environmental EngineeringThe Hong Kong Polytechnic UniversityHong KongChina Department of Forestry and Environmental Resources Faculty Excellence Program for Leadership in Public ScienceNorth Carolina State UniversityChancellorRaleighNC 27695USA Departments of Architecture&Civil Engineering and Chemical EngineeringUniversity of BathBath BA27AYUK School of Architecture University of NevadaLas VegasNV 89154USA Department of Tropical Ecosystems Functioning Center of Nuclear Energy in AgricultureUniversity of São PauloPiracicaba 13416-000Sao PauloBrazil School of Ocean Sciences Bangor UniversityMenai BridgeAnglesey LL595 ABUK International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health Science and Engine

The combination of urbanization and global warming leads to urban overheating and compounds the frequency and intensity of extreme heat events due to climate ***,the risk of urban overheating can be mitigated by urban green-blue-grey infrastructure(GBGI),such as parks,wetlands,and engineered greening,which have the potential to effectively reduce summer air *** many reviews,the evidence bases on quantified GBGI cooling benefits remains partial and the practical recommendations for implementation are *** systematic literature review synthesizes the evidence base for heat mitigation and related co-benefits,identifies knowledge gaps,and proposes recommendations for their implementation to maximize their *** screening 27,486 papers,202 were reviewed,based on 51 GBGI types categorized under 10 main *** GBGI(green walls,parks,street trees)have been well researched for their urban cooling ***,several other GBGI have received negligible(zoological garden,golf course,estuary)or minimal(private garden,allotment)*** most efficient air cooling was observed in botanical gardens(5.0±3.5℃),wetlands(4.9±3.2℃),green walls(4.1±4.2℃),street trees(3.8±3.1℃),and vegetated balconies(3.8±2.7℃).Under changing climate conditions(2070–2100)with consideration of RCP8.5,there is a shift in climate subtypes,either within the same climate zone(e.g.,Dfa to Dfb and Cfb to Cfa)or across other climate zones(e.g.,Dfb[continental warm-summer humid]to BSk[dry,cold semi-arid]and Cwa[temperate]to Am[tropical]).These shifts may result in lower efficiency for the current GBGI in the *** the importance of multiple services,it is crucial to balance their functionality,cooling performance,and other related co-benefits when planning for the future *** global GBGI heat mitigation inventory can assist policymakers and urban planners in prioritizing effective interventions to reduce the risk of urban overheating,fi

关键词： estuary walls extreme

A review of the origin of equiaxed grains during solidification under mechanical stirring,vibration,electromagnetic,electric-current,and ultrasonic treatments

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Journal of Materials Science & Technology 2023年第13期144卷 243-265页

作者： Nagasivamuni Balasubramani Jeffrey Venezuela David StJohn Gui Wang matthew Dargusch Centre for Advanced Materials Processing and Manufacturing(AMPAM) School of Mechanical and Mining EngineeringUniversity of QueenslandSt.LuciaQLD 4072Australia

Refinement of grains and intermetallic phases in the as-solidified alloy structure offers uniform struc-tural properties,eliminates or minimizes common solidification defects,including segregation and hot cracking,and improves thermomechanical processing of wrought *** processing by an external field is an efficient process for achieving refinement of the solidification structure of Al and Mg alloys without altering the alloy composition.A wide range of melt processing methods and solidification stud-ies(conventional,directional,and in-situ approaches)have been reported in the literature that explore the mechanism of *** the dominant grain refinement mechanism has been a focus of most investigations because significant variations exist according to the casting conditions and the type of applied external *** origin of fine grains occurs through either one or a combination of heterogenous nucleation,fragmentation of dendrites and grains formed and then separated from the surface of the melt and mould wall under vibration or *** first part of this review describes the prominent external field techniques and the mechanisms proposed for the origin of fine *** second part critically compares the current understanding of these grain refinement mechanisms to de-termine differences and commonalities to identify the factors that promote the formation of equiaxed zones occupying a large volume fraction of the casting.

关键词： Grain refinement Solidification Melt processing Equiaxed grains Intermetallic refinement

The influence of nanotopography on cell behaviour through interactions with the extracellular matrix-A review

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Bioactive Materials 2022年第9期7卷 145-159页

作者： Jiajun Luo matthew Walker Yinbo Xiao Hannah Donnelly matthew J.Dalby Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez Centre for the Cellular Microenvironment University of GlasgowGlasgowG128LTUK

Nanotopography presents an effective physical approach for biomaterial cell manipulation mediated through material-extracellular matrix *** extracellular matrix that exists in the cellular microenvironment is crucial for guiding cell behaviours,such as determination of integrin ligation and interaction with growth *** interactions with the extracellular matrix regulate downstream mechanotransductive pathways,such as rearrangements in the cytoskeleton and activation of signal *** adsorption onto nanotopography strongly influences the conformation and distribution density of extracellular matrix and,therefore,subsequent cell *** this review,we first discuss the interactive mechanisms of protein physical adsorption on ***,we summarise advances in creating nanotopographical features to instruct desired cell ***,we focus on the cellular mechanotransductive pathways initiated by *** review provides an overview of the current state-of-the-art designs of nanotopography aiming to provide better biomedical materials for the future.

关键词： Nanotopography Cell-material interaction Protein adsorption Biomaterials

新型冠状病毒Nsp1基因真核表达载体的构建及对宿主蛋白质翻译的影响

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黑龙江八一农垦大学学报 2024年第1期36卷 84-90页

作者：王宏宇田志飘刘红线郑亮于雯吴志军 matthew Kay 高振秋曹宏伟耿荣庆张华黑龙江八一农垦大学生命科学技术学院大庆163319 盐城师范学院药学院黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科技学院盐城师范学院江苏省肿瘤靶向纳米诊疗材料工程研究中心

非结构蛋白1(Non-structural protein 1,Nsp1)作为新型冠状病毒(Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2,SARS-CoV-2)的毒力决定因子,在调控冠状病毒复制方面有重要作用。为更有效地研究SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1蛋白的生物学功能,成功构建SARS-CoV-2Nsp1基因的真核表达载体,并验证其抑制宿主及外源蛋白质翻译的功能。通过PCR技术扩增SARS-CoV-2Nsp1基因后,利用同源重组技术将其连接至pEGFP-N1载体上。经双酶切和测序结果鉴定,SARS-CoV-2Nsp1基因成功克隆至pEGFP-N1载体上。将重组质粒pEGFP-N1-SARS-CoV-2-Nsp1转染至HEK-293T细胞和HeLa细胞中,经嘌呤霉素标记后,利用Western Blot和考马斯亮蓝染色检测重组质粒的表达以及嘌呤霉素信号。结果表明,重组质粒pEGFP-N1-SARS-CoV-2-Nsp1在HEK-293T细胞和HeLa细胞中成功表达,并验证其抑制宿主蛋白质和外源转入细胞蛋白质的翻译,为更深入研究SARS-CoV-2 Nsp1蛋白的功能奠定基础。

关键词：新型冠状病毒 Nsp1基因真核载体构建蛋白翻译