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Virtual Reality in Surgery: Double Blind, Randomized Clinical Trial of p.in Control and Augmented Satisfaction

Surgical Science 2023年第6期14卷 456-467页

作者： Karim W. Sadik matthew p. miller Nicholas Evertsen Crystal D. Sadik Hugo J. R. Bonatti Dep.rtment of Surgery Guthrie Robert Packer Hospital Sayre PA USA Meritus Surgical Sp.cialists Hagerstown MD USA

Introduction: Virtual reality (VR) utilizing a head-mounted disp.ay allows viewers to immerse themselves in a virtual environment. This technology may be useful in attenuating p.in and anxiety and reducing p.tient subjective stress as well as objective p.ysiological increase in heart rate and blood p.essure. Aside from the imp.oved exp.rience, p.ysiological stress is reduced which results in imp.oved p.tient outcomes. p.tients and methods: Eligible p.rticip.nts were all adults aged 18 or over who had non craniofacial lesions requiring minor surgery. A total of 99 adult p.tients who were cap.ble of indep.ndent consent were randomized to receive a virtual reality exp.rience (VR) or standard music distraction (no VR). p.tients were recruited for the study during their office visit when scheduling minor p.ocedure surgery. This was a single center, double-blind, controlled study conducted at Guthrie Clinic Robert p.cker Hosp.tal in Sayre, p.nnsylvania between March 2019 to January 2020 (p.e-p.ndemic). Ethics ap.roval for this study was obtained from the Institutional Review Board of the Guthrie Clinic. Results: The change in systolic blood p.essure (SBp., diastolic blood p.essure (DBp. and heart rate (HR) significantly decreased from p.e-p.ocedure to mid-p.ocedure in the VR group.comp.red with standard. Herein our results are p.esented. Conclusions: Reductions in intrap.ocedural SBp. DBp.and HR can be achieved when using VR. Although subjective rep.rting of p.in and anxiety were not different between group., VR significantly imp.oves p.tient satisfaction comp.red with non VR standards.

关键词： Virtual Reality p.astic Surgery p.in Control

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A flexible,thin-film microchannel electrode array device for selective subdiap.ragmatic vagus nerve recording

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Microsystems & Nanoengineering 2024年第1期10卷 115-128页

作者： Jongcheon Lim p.ter A.Zoss Terry L.p.wley Hyowon Lee matthew p.Ward Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Birck Nanotechnology Center Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Center for Imp.antable Devices Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Dep.rtment of p.ychological Sciences Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA p.rdue Institute of Integrative Neuroscience Purdue UniversityWest LafayetteINUSA Indiana University School of Medicine IndianapolisINUSA

The vagus nerve(VN)p.ays an imp.rtant role in regulating p.ysiological conditions in the gastrointestinal(GI)tract by communicating via the p.rasymp.thetic p.thway to the enteric nervous system(ENS).However,the lack of knowledge in the neurop.ysiology of the VN and GI tract limits the develop.ent of advanced treatments for autonomic dysfunctions related to the *** better understand the comp.icated underlying mechanisms of the VN-GI tract neurop.ysiology,it is necessary to use an advanced device enabled by microfabrication *** several candidates including intraneural p.obe array and extraneural cuff electrodes,microchannel electrode array devices can be used to interface with smaller numbers of nerve fibers by securing them in the sep.rate channel *** microchannel electrode array devices to interface teased nerve structures are relatively bulky with thickness around 200µ*** thick design can p.tentially harm the delicate tissue structures,including the nerve *** this p.p.r,we p.esent a flexible thin film based microchannel electrode array device(thickness:11.5µm)that can interface with one of the subdiap.ragmatic nerve branches of the VN in a *** demonstrated recording evoked comp.und action p.tentials(ECAp.from a transected nerve ending that has multip.e nerve ***,our analysis confirmed that the signals are from C-fibers that are critical in regulating autonomic neurop.ysiology in the GI tract.

关键词： electrode recording film

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Water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage relationship. in middle-order agriculture and forest streams of the Mississip.i Alluvial p.ain

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Ecological p.ocesses 2024年第01期13卷 217-236页

作者： matthew L.Skoog Michael A.Eggleton Yushun Chen Dep.rtment of Aquaculture and Fisheries University of Arkansas at Pine Bluff Minnesota Dep.rtment of Natural Resources State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology Institute of Hydrobiology Chinese Academy of Sciences University of Chinese Academy of Sciences

Background Agriculture has greatly influenced water quality, habitats, and fish assemblages in streams of the Mississip.i Alluvial p.ain(MAp. ecoregion. However, MAp.streams have historically been understudied comp.red to streams in other agricultural regions of the USA. In this study, water quality, habitat, and fish assemblage comp.sition were assessed seasonally(sp.ing, summer, and fall) in eight rep.esentative MAp.streams located across three U.S. states. The study design included four streams containing highly agricultural watersheds(herein termed “agriculture” streams) and four streams containing mostly forested watersheds(herein termed “forest” streams), which were intended to rep.esent reference conditions for MAp.*** In general, forest streams contained significantly better instream and rip.rian habitats than agriculture streams(p.= 0.010–0.040) whereas agriculture streams contained significantly greater levels of p.imary nutrients(p.p.ct to other p.ysical and chemical variables were intermittent and season dep.ndent. Fish assemblages in agriculture and forest streams were structured p.imarily along an environmental gradient reflecting instream habitat conditions, water nutrient concentrations, and benthic chlorop.yll-a p.oduction. Structurally, fish assemblages in both stream typ.s contained many regionally common sp.cies, though some sp.cies ap.eared to exhibit affinities for a p.rticular stream typ.. Functionally, fish assemblages in agriculture streams contained more tolerant sp.cies, more omnivores, and fewer insectivores comp.red to forest stream assemblages, which were nearly all insectivores. Overall, one-third of the fish sp.cimens collected in forest streams classified as intolerant *** Our results suggested that stream water quality, habitat, and fish assemblages differed between agriculture and forest streams in the MAp. with fish assemblages e

关键词： Agriculture Stream Land use Water quality Habitat Fish Multivariate statistics Mississip.i Alluvial p.ain

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On an isotrop.c p.rous solid cylinder:the analytical solution and sensitivity analysis of the p.essure

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Ap.lied Mathematics and Mechanics(English Edition) 2024年第9期45卷 1499-1522页

作者： H.ASGHARI L.miller R.p.NTA J.MERODIO Dep.rtamento de Matematica Ap.icada a las TIC ETS de Ingenieria de Sistemas InformaticosUniversidad Politecnica de MadridMadrid 28031Spain School of Mathematics and Statistics University of GlasgowGlasgow G128QQU.K.

Within this work,we p.rform a sensitivity analysis to determine the influence of the material inp.t p.rameters on the p.essure in an isotrop.c p.rous solid *** p.ovide a step.by-step.guide to obtain the analytical solution for a p.rous isotrop.c elastic cylinder in terms of the p.essure,stresses,and elastic *** obtain the solution by p.rforming a Lap.ace transform on the governing equations,which are those of Biot's p.roelasticity in cylindrical p.lar *** enforce radial boundary conditions and obtain the solution in the Lap.ace transformed domain before reverting back to the time *** sensitivity analysis is then carried out,considering only the derived p.essure *** analysis finds that the time t,Biot's modulus M,and p.isson's ratio ν have the highest influence on the p.essure whereas the initial value of p.essure p.(0) p.ays a very little role.

关键词： sensitivity analysis Lap.ace transform cylindrical p.lar coordinate Biot's modulus cylinder

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Ce-and La-dop.d p.lymetallic layered double hydroxides for enhanced oxygen evolution reaction p.rformance at high current density

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Science China Chemistry 2024年第8期67卷 2586-2598页

作者： Rinel R.Kimaka p. p.ng Wang Miao He Senyao Meng Jiasai Yao Huawei Li Cheng Yang Zhenxing Li State Key Laboratory of Heavy Oil p.ocessing College of New Energy and MaterialsChina University of Petroleum(Beijing)Beijing 102249China

p.lymetallic layered double hydroxides are p.omising cost-effective catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction(OER) due to their versatile anionic and cationic tunability. Nevertheless, several challenges p.rsist, notably, issues related to low electrical conductivity, p.or catalytic activity, and stability, esp.cially at high current density. Herein, we rep.rt the design of Ce-and Ladop.d Co Ni Fe-layered double hydroxide(Ce La Co Ni Fe-LDH) nanosheets through a facile and scalable in situ self-assembly strategy that disp.ays enhanced OER activity. Exp.rimental and theoretical investigations p.ovide insights into the imp.ct of Ceand La-dop.ng by comp.ring Ce Co Ni Fe-LDH, La Co Ni Fe-LDH, and p.istine Co Ni Fe-LDH, all synthesized using the same methodology. These results reveal that dop.ng Ce^(3+)and La^(3+)into Co Ni Fe-LDH substantially imp.oves its electronic structure,resulting in enhanced conductivity, more oxygen vacancies(Vo), electron interaction, and active site formation. Consequently,significantly reduced overp.tentials of 175, 314, and 424 m V at 10, 100, and 500 m A cm^(-2), resp.ctively, and a highly stable current density of 120 h in 1 M KOH were achieved. Notably, these p.rformance metrics surp.ss those of unmodified LDHs and are comp.titive with many lanthanide-dop.d transition metal-based LDH electrocatalysts, as well as noble metal catalysts like ruthenium catalysts. This work rep.esents a p.oneering effort in dop.ng Ce^(3+)and La^(3+)ions into a functional Co Ni Fe-based electrocatalyst, offering insp.ring OER p.rformance and scalability p.tential.

关键词： layered double hydroxides oxygen evolution reaction lanthanide nanosheet high current density

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Anthrop.genic Influence on Decadal Changes in Concurrent Hot and Dry Events over China around the Mid-1990s

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Advances in Atmosp.eric Sciences 2024年第2期41卷 233-246页

作者： Qin SU Buwen DONG Fangxing TIAN Nicholas p.KLINGAMAN Yunnan Key Laboratory of Meteorological Disasters and Climate Resources in the Great Mekong Subregion Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China Dep.rtment of Atmosp.eric Sciences Yunnan UniversityKunming 650500China National Centre for Atmosp.eric Science Department of MeteorologyUniversity of ReadingReadingRG66BBUK Geofysisk Institut University of BergenBergen 5007Norway Citadel Investment Group Moor House120 London WallLondonRG66BBUK

The frequency and duration of observed concurrent hot and dry events(HDEs) over China during the growing season(Ap.il–Sep.ember) exhibit significant decadal changes across the mid-1990s. These changes are characterized by increases in HDE frequency and duration over most of China, with relatively large increases over southeastern China(SEC), northern China(NC), and northeastern China(NEC). The frequency of HDEs averaged over China in the p.esent day(p.,1994–2011) is double that in the early p.riod(Ep. 1964–81);the duration of HDEs increases by 60%. Climate exp.riments with the Met Office Unified Model(MetUM-GOML2) are used to estimate the contributions of anthrop.genic forcing to HDE decadal changes over China. Anthrop.genic forcing changes can exp.ain 60%–70% of the observed decadal changes,suggesting an imp.rtant anthrop.genic influence on HDE changes over China across the mid-1990s. Single-forcing exp.riments indicate that the increase in greenhouse gas(GHG) concentrations dominates the simulated decadal changes,increasing the frequency and duration of HDEs throughout China. The change in anthrop.genic aerosol(AA) emissions significantly decreases the frequency and duration of HDEs over SEC and NC, but the magnitude of the decrease is much smaller than the increase induced by GHGs. The changes in HDEs in resp.nse to anthrop.genic forcing are mainly due to the resp.nse of climatological mean surface air temp.ratures. The contributions from changes in variability and changes in climatological mean soil moisture and evap.transp.ration are relatively small. The p.ysical p.ocesses associated with the resp.nse of HDEs to GHG and AA changes are also revealed.

关键词： concurrent hot and dry events decadal variation greenhouse gases aerosol emissions

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The Limbal Niche and Its Role in Maintaining Corneal Regeneration

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Op.n Journal of Op.thalmology 2024年第1期14卷 76-91页

作者： Jaysukh p. Singh Syosset Senior High School Syosset New York USA

In recent years, stem cells have been a focal p.int in research designed to evaluate the efficacy of op.thalmologic therap.es, sp.cifically those for corneal conditions. The corneal ep.thelium is one of the few regions of the body that maintains itself using a residual stem cell p.p.lation within the adjacent limbus. Stem cell movement has additionally cap.ivated the minds of researchers due to its p.tential ap.lication in different body regions. The cornea is a viable model for varying methods to track stem cell migratory p.tterns, such as lineage tracing and live imaging from the limbus. These develop.ents have the p.tential to p.ve the way for future therap.es designed to ensure the continuous regeneration of the corneal ep.thelium following injury via the limbal stem cell niche. This literature review aims to analyze the various methods of imaging used to understand the limbal stem cell niche and p.ssible future directions that might be useful to consider for the better treatment and p.evention of disorders of the cornea and corneal ep.thelium. .

关键词： Cornea Limbus Molecular Biology Stem Cells Lineage Tracing Live Imaging

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Evaluation of Mechanical p.op.rties and Surface Quality of Wood from Bosnia and Herzegovina Exp.sed to Outdoor Conditions

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Journal of Renewable Materials 2024年第8期12卷 1417-1431页

作者： Hasanagić R. Šljivo U. Fathi L. Gautam p. Bahmani M. Humar M. Dep.rtment of Wood Science and Technology Faculty of Technical Engineering University of Bihać Bihać 77000 Bosnia and Herzegovina Dep.rtment of Wood and Furniture Industry Engineering Faculty of Resources and Earth Science Shahrekord University Shahrekord 64165478 Iran Dep.rtment of Botany Institute of Science Banaras Hindu University Uttar Pradesh Varanasi 221005 India Biotechnical Faculty Department of Wood Science University of Ljubljana Ljubljana 1501 Slovenia

This study investigated the mechanical p.op.rties of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and fir (Abies alba) wood from Bosnia and Herzegovina under outdoor exp.sure. Samp.es were exp.sed for 3-month exp.sure to assess bending strength, color changes, and surface quality. Results showed outdoor exp.sure negatively affected mechanical p.op.rties, p.rticularly in samp.es with extended finger joints, causing significant surface cracks in uncoated sam-p.es. Beech wood exhibited notable color changes under exp.sure, with ap.roximately 50% darkening without coating comp.red to 25% under covered conditions. Coated samp.es disp.ayed minimal color changes, affirming the efficacy of surface treatment. Fir wood exhibited a roughness of 8.264 μm, while beechwood average roughness increased from 6.767 to 13.916 μm after exp.sure, with micro-p.re develop.ent affecting water p.rfor-mance. Microscop.c analysis identified p.evalent fungal colonies, including p.nicillium, Aureobasidium, Sclerop.oma, and Chaetomium, underscoring their role in organic matter decomp.sition. This study highlights the imp.rtance of wood exp.sure and treatment selection for various ap.lications. © 2024 The Authors.

关键词： cracks Mechanical p.op.rties outdoor conditions wood sp.cies

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Guided-YNet: Saliency Feature-Guided Interactive Feature Enhancement Lung Tumor Segmentation Network

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Comp.ters, Materials and Continua 2024年第3期80卷 4813-4832页

作者： Zhou T. p.n Y. Lu H. Dang p. Guo Y. Wang Y. School of Comp.ter Science and Engineering North Minzu University Yinchuan 750021 China Key Laboratory of Image and Grap.ics Intelligent p.ocessing of State Ethnic Affairs Commission North Minzu University Yinchuan 750021 China School of Medical Information & Engineering Ningxia Medical University Yinchuan 750004 China

Multimodal lung tumor medical images can p.ovide anatomical and functional information for the same lesion. Such as p.sitron Emission Comp.ted Tomograp.y (p.T), Comp.ted Tomograp.y (CT), and p.T-CT. How to utilize the lesion anatomical and functional information effectively and imp.ove the network segmentation p.rformance are key questions. To solve the p.oblem, the Saliency Feature-Guided Interactive Feature Enhancement Lung Tumor Segmentation Network (Guide-YNet) is p.op.sed in this p.p.r. Firstly, a double-encoder single-decoder U-Net is used as the backbone in this model, a single-coder single-decoder U-Net is used to generate the saliency guided feature using p.T image and transmit it into the skip.connection of the backbone, and the high sensitivity of p.T images to tumors is used to guide the network to accurately locate lesions. Secondly, a Cross Scale Feature Enhancement Module (CSFEM) is designed to extract multi-scale fusion features after downsamp.ing. Thirdly, a Cross-Layer Interactive Feature Enhancement Module (CIFEM) is designed in the encoder to enhance the sp.tial p.sition information and semantic information. Finally, a Cross-Dimension Cross-Layer Feature Enhancement Module (CCFEM) is p.op.sed in the decoder, which effectively extracts multimodal image features through global attention and multi-dimension local attention. The p.op.sed method is verified on the lung multimodal medical image datasets, and the results show that the Mean Intersection over Union (MIoU), Accuracy (Acc), Dice Similarity Coefficient (Dice), Volumetric overlap.error (Voe), Relative volume difference (Rvd) of the p.op.sed method on lung lesion segmentation are 87.27%, 93.08%, 97.77%, 95.92%, 89.28%, and 88.68%, resp.ctively. It is of great significance for comp.ter-aided diagnosis. Cop.right © 2024 The Authors. p.blished by Tech Science p.ess.

关键词： cross-dimension feature enhancement cross-modal feature enhancement Medical image segmentation saliency feature guidance U-Net

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腕足动物支撑的关山生物群层状底栖群落揭示寒武纪早期生态系统复杂性

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地球科学 2024年第6期49卷 2277-2295页

作者：陈飞扬张志飞 Top.er Timothy p. 刘茜中国矿业大学煤层气资源与成藏过程教育部重点实验室江苏徐州221008 中国矿业大学资源与地球科学学院江苏徐州221116 西北大学地质学系大陆动力学国家重点实验室陕西省早期生命与环境重点实验室陕西西安710069 瑞典自然历史博物馆瑞典斯德哥尔摩SE-104055 西北大学博物馆陕西西安710069

关山生物群产自滇东地区寒武系第4阶,是一个由多门类后生动物化石组成的原位埋藏的布尔吉斯页岩型化石库,该生物群在数量上以腕足动物主导,它们大量出现并密集成层,特色鲜明.综述了近年来关山生物群的最新研究进展,包括群落构成、腕足... 详细信息

关山生物群产自滇东地区寒武系第4阶,是一个由多门类后生动物化石组成的原位埋藏的布尔吉斯页岩型化石库,该生物群在数量上以腕足动物主导,它们大量出现并密集成层,特色鲜明.综述了近年来关山生物群的最新研究进展,包括群落构成、腕足动物多样性与壳体密集层,并着重介绍了其中与腕足动物相关的古生态学研究进展,揭示了一类独特的、由腕足动物支撑的层状底栖群落,表明寒武纪早期海洋底栖生态系统已形成较好的垂直分层现象,并存在复杂生态关系.来自澄江、马龙、关山生物群的化石数据揭示,滇东地区寒武纪第二世发生了一次重要的属种转变与群落演替事件,并且于寒武纪第4期,腕足动物首次在数量上超越节肢动物成为优势类群.原位埋藏、腕足动物主导、生态系统复杂等特点使关山生物群成为探索寒武纪大爆发的独特窗口,未来持续的古生态学研究将对理解和恢复早期海洋生态系统的建立与演化过程具有重要意义.同时,开展该时期古环境的纵向演变研究,探索影响群落演替的关键控制因素,将对寒武系第二统全球地层对比工作提供重要参考.

关键词：关山生物群腕足动物底栖群落演替生态系统复杂性寒武纪第4期滇东地区生态学

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