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Dissemination of Resistance Integrons and Genes Coding for Blse and Cabapenemases in the Urban Drainage Network in Cote d’Ivoire

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Advances in Microbiology 2024年第5期14卷 268-286页

作者： Coulibaly Kalpy Julien Diaby Aboubakar Sidik Vakou N’dri Sabine M’bengue Gbonon Valérie Carole Claon Jean Stephane Yao Kouamé Eric Gnali Gbohounou Fabrice Yéo Yéfougnini Bagré Issa Djaman Allico Joseph Dosso Mireille Pasteur Institute of ivory Coast Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire Fé lix Houphou&#235t-Boigny University Abidjan C&#244te d&#8217Ivoire

Antibiotic resistance has become a major threat to human health worldwide. Environment, particularly the water environment, has long been overlooked as a player in the antibiotic resistance cycle, although its role remains unclear. These can provide an ideal setting for the acquisition and dissemination of antibiotic resistance, as they are frequently affected by anthropogenic activities. The objective of this study was to establish a diffusion map of resistance integrons used as genetic markers of resistance associated with antibiotic resistance conferring genes (ARGs). Total DNA extracts from non-cultivable bacterial communities were used for the analyses. These communities were obtained from wastewater samples from 14 sites upstream and downstream of drainage channels or effluents in the cities of Abidjan, Bouaké, and Yamoussoukro. The results obtained correspond to the number of positives among the treated samples (n = 39). Among the genetic markers of dissemination, class 1 integrons were the most evident in 94.8% of samples in Abidjan (93.3%), Bouaké (100%) and Yamoussoukro (91.6%). Class 2 integrons and class 3 integrons were found respectively in 41% and 51% of all samples. Genes coding for β-lactamases and blaTEM was identified in almost all samples at a rate of 97.4%. A co-presence of the three genes blaTEM, blaSHV and blaCTX-M is also remarkable in the sites of the city of Yamoussoukro. Among the genes coding for carbapenemases, only blaKPC 17.94%, blaNDM 30.76% and blaoXA48 38.46% were detected in the samples.

关键词： Antibiotic Resistance Wastewater Resistance Integrons (RIs) Resistance Genes

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残秋浅冬私家欧洲小城笔记

品位 2008年第11期 180-187页

作者： ivory

私家的旅行时光，为什么要把时间浪费在那些人所尽知的大都市？欧洲的美恰恰美在那些与世无争、静谧淡雅的小城。美在小城似水流年的四季。季节更迭，《品位》带你行走过残秋浅冬里5个最美的欧洲小城……

关键词：小城欧洲私家笔记时间浪费大都市

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让硬件入侵不再是神话

黑客防线 2006年第1期 18-22页

作者： ivory

现在的入侵手法莫过于一些简单的SQL injection填字游戏，很单调。我最近在学习硬件方面的入侵，也了解了一些ADS Lmodem和cisco路由器的入侵手法．不敢独享。本文主要是提供一些具体过程．起个抛砖引玉作用。

关键词：入侵手法硬件 cisco路由器神话 SQL ADS Lmodem

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去京都净化你的心灵

品位 2008年第10期 182-186页

作者： ivory

十月长假的七天，若是懒得动身去远方的欧洲，不妨光顾—下近在咫尺的京都。秋天的它，从红枫到寺庙，点滴都浸润着禅学的气息，让我们用这份安静来净化心灵吧!

关键词：净化心灵京都秋天寺庙禅学安静

Missed opportunities for Diagnosing Bacilliferous Pulmonary Tuberculosis by optical Microscopy versus GeneXpert MTB/RIF in Endemic Areas

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Advances in Infectious Diseases 2023年第4期13卷 652-659页

作者： Aba Yapo Thomas Nassoué Dobré olivia Yéo Liomehin Monemo Pacome Yapo Matine Tatiana Achi Hoboueu Vincent Department of Infectious and Tropical Diseases University Hospital of Bouake Bouake Ivory Coast University Alassane ouattara of Bouake Bouake Ivory Coast Department of Pneumology University Hospital of Bouake Bouake Ivory Coast Department of Bacteriology & Virology University Hospital of Bouake Bouake Ivory Coast

objective: To assess the missed opportunities from the diagnosis of bacilliferous pulmonary tuberculosis by optical microscopy compared to GeneXpert MTB/RIF between 2015 and 2019. Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of the diagnostic results of bacilliferous pulmonary tuberculosis in patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis at their first episode during the period. GeneXpert MTB/RIF (GeneXpert) and optical microscopy (oM) after Ziehl-Neelsen stained smear were performed on each patient’s sputum or gastric tubing fluid sample. Results: Among 341 patients suspected of pulmonary tuberculosis, 229 patients were declared bacilliferous tuberculosis by the two tests (67%), 220 patients by GeneXpert and 95 patients by oM, i.e. 64.5% versus 28% (p i.e. 58.5% of the positive cases detected by the two tests (134/229 patients) and 39.3% of the patients suspected of tuberculosis (134/341 patients). on the other hand, among 95 patients declared positive by oM, the GeneXpert ignored 9 (9.5%), i.e. 4% of all the positive cases detected by the two diagnostic tests (9/229 patients) and 3% of the patients suspected of tuberculosis (9/341 patients). The differences observed between the results of the two tests were statistically significant at the 5% threshold (p Conclusion: This study reveals missed diagnostic opportunities for bacilliferous pulmonary mycobacteriosis, statistically significant with optical microscopy than GeneXpert. The GeneXpert/optical microscopy couple could be a good contribution to the strategies for the elimination of pulmonary tuberculosis in sub-Saharan Africa.

关键词： Bacilliferous Pulmonary Tuberculosis Missed opportunity GeneXpert MTB/RIF optical Microscopy

Predictive Factors for Viral B and C Infection in Health Workers in a University Hospital in ivory Cost

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open Journal of Gastroenterology 2018年第10期8卷 377-385页

作者： okon Anassi Jean-Baptiste Koné Amadou Diakité Mamadou Aké Fabrice Thot’o Amani Sroboua N’dri N’guessan Hepato-Gastroenterology Department University Hospital Center Bouaké Ivory Coast

Purpose: To evaluate the serological status of hepatitis B and C and to identify the risk factors for viral B and C infection in health workers at the university hospital. Material and Method: Mono-centric cross-sectional study carried out at Bouaké University Hospital from March 2nd to May 16th, 2016, concerning the health staff of the Bouaké University Hospital. Cross-sectional study mono-centric concerning the serological status of viral hepatitis B and C from the period from March 2nd to May 16th, 2016 of the health staff of the University Hospital of Bouaké. It has benefited from data from PNLHVi (national program against viral hepatitis) as part of its awareness campaign. The data were analyzed by SPSS software version 20.0. Results: of the 1107 health workers, 632 had been included, representing a participation rate of 57.1%. The average age of the staff was 37.8 years with extremes ranging from 18 to 66 years. The sex ratio (H/F) was 0.8. Accidents with blood exposure were noted in 52.4% of cases. The maximum vaccine coverage was 16.1%. The prevalence of HBsAg was 8.4%. Contact with HBV was present in 3/4 of the staff. Anti HCV Ab was positive in 1.4% of the staff. Males, age over 50 and over 20 years of seniority were associated with HBV. Also, HBV infection was significantly higher in boys and girls (81.7%), nurses (78.3%) and nursing aides (73.8%), (p = 0.022). HCV infection was significantly correlated with emergency services. Conclusion: Age, gender, seniority, paramedic qualification, and high risk of exposure to body fluids were correlated with viral B infection while emergency department membership was a factor risk of HCV infection.

关键词： Prevalence Risk Factors Viral Hepatitis B Viral Hepatitis C Health Personnel

Prevalence of HBs Ag among blood donors in Transfusion Center, Abidjan (ivory Coast)

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open Journal of Gastroenterology 2013年第3期3卷 165-169页

作者： N’guessan N’dri Amani Sroboua Thot’o Anassi Jean-Baptiste okon Constant Assi Emile Allah-Kouadio Dramane Soro Mamadou Diakité Amadou Koné Siaka Koné Marie Jeanne Lohouès-Kouacou Benoit-Mathieu Camara Department of Gastroenterology Faculty of Medical Sciences Cocody Teaching Hospital Center Abidjan Cote d’Ivoire

Aim: To study the prevalence of HBsAg among persons without risk factors for hepatitis B. Patients and Methods: Cross-sectional study (28 January to 31 December 2010) about 4310 new volunteers blood donors consecutively recruited. Among all, a risk factor for hepatitis B was investigated (standardized questionnaire and clinical examination). Blood of all blood donors without risk factors of hepatitis B (n = 3823) were systematically collected for HBsAg, hepatitis C antibody, syphilis serology and human immunodeficiency virus serology. The blood was analyzed with a third generation ELISA (Abbott Murex). Results: HBsAg was positive in 179 persons (4.68% [95% CI 4% - 5%]). It was associated with hepatitis C antibodies (0.28% (n = 11)), syphilis antibodies (0.68% (n = 26)) or anti-human immunodeficiency virus antibodies (0.2% (n = 8)). In multivariate analysis, age 30 to 39 years (1.545 [95% CI 1.074 to 2.222]), male sex (2.426 [95% CI 1.550 to 3.799]) and positive syphilis serology (14.344 [95% CI 5.161 to 39.865]) were associated with presence of HBsAg. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBsAg among adult without risk factors for hepatitis B was not negligible. Also, it is essential to maintain routine screening before any vaccination against hepatitis B in adult. our study is not for an immunization against hepatitis B only targeting risk populations in adult.

关键词： HBsAg Prevalence Risk Factor Adult Abidjan

Neuropsychological and Social outcome of Patients Sustaining Traumatic Brain Injury in Cotonou

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open Journal of Modern Neurosurgery 2021年第1期11卷 49-58页

作者： Hodé Luphin Fatigba o. Holden Doningo P. S. Arsénathe Azanlin A. K. Nelly University Clinic of Traumatology Orthopaedics and Restorative Surgery of the Centre National Hospitalier Universitaire Hubert Koutoukou Maga of Cotonou Cotonou Benin Neurosurgery Unit of the University Hospital Centre of Parakou Parakou Benin Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Centre Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Yopougon Abidjan Ivory Cost

This inaugural study in Benin was aimed at assessing neuropsychological and behavioural problems of patients with traumatic brain injury managed at the Hubert Koutoukou Maga Teaching hospital in Cotonou, and the impact on their standard of leaving. This was a prospective and cross-cutting study with a descriptive and analytical aim. It was carried out from 1 July to 30 october 2018. The study population included patients over 15 years of age who had experienced TBI. A purposive sampling of 585 patients with TBI was done, of which 142 patients could not be reached by phone while. The mean age of patients was 37.16 ± 13.9 years, with extremes ranging from 16 to 87 years. The most frequent complaints were behavioural disorder (79.5%), headache (63.8%) and memory loss (50.4%). The average duration of post traumatic amnesia was 9.08 ± 38.56 days. Sixty-three patients (68.5%) had post-traumatic amnesia that lasted less than 30 minutes and 25 patients (19.2%) had post-traumatic amnesia that lasted over a month. Neuropsychological disorders were more frequent in patients with severe TBI. Attention disorders and difficulties in elaborating strategies were noticed without any statistically significant difference in mild, moderate as well as severe TBI. Nineteen patients lost their job, thus raising the unemployment rate in our sample from 6% to 21%. Among the 100 patients (75%) that recovered their job, 14% had medical follow-up and 10% returned to part-time work. Salary remained unchanged for 61.2% of TBI patients.

关键词： Traumatic Brain Injury Neuropsychological Disorder Standard of Living Bénin

Effects of Good Practices for Catch-Up Vaccinations: Assessment with a Quasi-Experimental Study in Democratic Republic of Congo

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open Journal of Epidemiology 2019年第1期9卷 50-63页

作者： Yolaine Glèlè-Ahanhanzo Alphonse Kpozèhouen Collard Madika Colette Azandjèmè Chabi o. Alphonse Biaou Aristide Aplogan Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department Public Health Regional Institute Ouidah Benin Ministry of Health Kinshasa Democratic Republic of the Congo Health Promotion Department Public Health Regional Institute Ouidah Benin Agence de Médecine Préventive Abidjan Ivory Coast

Introduction: Despite the enormous resources deployed and the success achieved in vaccination, reducing the number of children who remain unvaccinated remains a major operational challenge in certain countries. In 2014, the Kalemie Expanded Program of Immunization outpost in the Democratic Republic of the Congo was faced with a high number of unvaccinated children. They instituted a “token” catch-up system based on a collaborative approach with community health workers. This study aims to document the effects of this strategy on vaccination coverage. Methods: This study was a comparative quasi-experimental test/control study. The “test” health area was Undugu where the catch-up strategy was implemented and the “control” health area was Kanunka. A vaccination coverage survey was conducted according to the WHo method in both health areas, examining children aged 12 to 23 months. The proportions were compared using a Pearson chi-square test and the odds ratios were estimated. Results: Vaccine coverage was significantly higher in the “test” health area for all the antigens. Full vaccination coverage was 69.4% in the “test” health area versus 31% in the “control” health area, with a 4.7 times greater chance of being fully vaccinated in the “test” health area (oR: 4.7;CI 95% [3.1 - 7.2];p = 0.0001). Conclusion: This study demonstrates the value of a strategy that can increase access to vaccination and use of vaccination services, leading to a reduction in inequality in this area. However, this is linked to adapting the collaborative model on which it is based. This must be taken into consideration in plans to reproduce the findings.

关键词： Immunisation Programs Vaccination Coverage Community Participation Non-Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic