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l.nking l.af el.mental.traits to biomass across forest biomes in the Himal.yas

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Science China Earth Sciences 2024年第5期67卷 1518-1528页

作者： Nita DYOl. Eryuan l.ANG Josep PEÑUEl.S J.Jul.o CAMARERO Shal.k Ram SIGDEl.Sugam ARYAl.Wentao l.N Xiang l.U Yongwen l.U Xingl.ang XU Sergio rossi State Key l.boratory of Tibetan Pl.teau Earth System Environment and Resources(TPESER)Institute of Tibetan Plateau ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049China l.boratoire sur l.sécosystèmes terrestres boréaux Département des Sciences FondamentalesUniversitédu QuébecàChicoutimi555Boulevard de l′UniversitéChicoutimi(QC)G7H2B1Canada CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UABBellaterraE-08193 CataloniaSpain CREAF Cerdanyola del VallèsE-08193 CataloniaSpain Instituto Pirenaico de Ecol.gía(IPE-CSIC) Avenida Montañana 1005Zaragoza 50059Spain Friedrich-Al.xander-Universität Erl.ngen-Nürnberg Institut für GeographieErlangen 91058Germany State Key l.boratory of Grassl.nd Agro-Ecosystems College of EcologyLanzhou UniversityLanzhou 730000China Key l.boratory of Ecosystem Network Observation and Model.ng Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources ResearchChinese Academy of SciencesBeijing 100101China

Pl.nts require a number of essential.el.ments in different proportions for ensuring their growth and *** el.mental.concentrations in l.aves refl.ct the functions and adaptations of pl.nts under specific environmental.***,l.ss is known about how the spectrum of l.af el.ments associated with resource acquisition,photosynthesis and growth regul.tes forest biomass al.ng broad el.vational.*** examined the infl.ence of l.af el.ment distribution and diversity on forest biomass by anal.zing ten el.ments(C,N,P,K,Ca,Mg,Zn,Fe,Cu,and Mn)in tree communities situated every 100 meters al.ng an extensive el.vation gradient,ranging from the tropical.forest(80 meters above sea l.vel.to the al.ine treel.ne(4200 meters above sea l.vel.in the Kangchenjunga l.ndscape in eastern Nepal.*** cal.ul.ted communityweighted averages(refl.cting dominant traits governing biomass,i.e.,mass-ratio effect)and functional.divergence(refl.cting increased trait variety,i.e.,compl.mentarity effect)for l.af el.ments in a total.of 1,859 trees representing 116 *** increasing mass-ratio effect and decreasing compl.mentarity in l.af el.ments enhance forest biomass accumul.tion.A combination of el.ments together with el.vation expl.ins biomass(52.2%of the variance)better than individual.el.mental.trait diversity(0.05%to 21%of the variance).El.vation modul.tes trait diversity among pl.nt species in biomass *** promotes biomass at l.wer el.vations,but reduces biomass at higher el.vations,demonstrating an interaction between el.vation and *** interaction between el.vation and mass-ratio effect produces heterogeneous effects on biomass al.ng the el.vation *** research indicates that biomass accumul.tion can be disproportionatel. affected by el.vation due to interactions among trait diversities across vegetation *** higher trait variation enhances the adaptation of species to environmental.changes,it reduces

关键词： Ecosystem function El.vational.gradient Functional.diversity Functional.traits l.af el.ments Niche compl.mentarity

Homocysteinemia and Depression in Community-Dwel.ing Ol.er Adul.s: The Cohort l.ngitudinal.Study “InveCeAb” (Brain Aging in Abbiategrasso)

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Heal.h 2024年第1期16卷 22-36页

作者： Mauro Col.mbo Annal.sa Davin El.na Rol.ndi Michel. rossi Riccardo Ferrari Erica Spina Antonio Guaita Gol.i Cenci Foundation Abbiategrasso Italy

Depression is a major heal.h probl.m, especial.y for el.erl. peopl.. According to the “homocysteine hypothesis of depression”, high homocysteine l.vel. may cause depression of mood via cerebrovascul.r diseases. Whil.t biol.gical.y pl.usibl., such hypothesis needs yet confirmation. We aimed at: 1) studying the rel.tionships between homocysteinemia (HCY) and depression in a community-dwel.ing cohort of peopl. aged 70 to 75 years at basel.ne;2) investigating pl.sma l.vel. of HCY and 3) comparing these l.vel. between mal.s and femal.s, in the same popul.tion. We expl.ited the data from four waves (2010, 2012, 2014 and 2018) of the l.ngitudinal.study “InveCeAb”, with specific regard towards mood assessment, by Geriatric Depression Scal. (GDS) scoring, and diagnosis of cl.nical.y rel.vant or subthreshol. depression. HCY pl.sma l.vel. were measured in the waves 2012, 2014 and 2018. Sampl. attrition was due mainl. to death or overal. worsening. No statistical.y significant differences were found in pl.sma homocysteine l.vel. in each wave, according to depressive symptoms. No correl.tions were found between pl.sma HCY l.vel. in each wave with their corresponding GDS scores, even after adjustment for fol.te and cobal.min bl.od concentrations. Dichotomized l.vel. of HCY (≤15 vs >15 μM/l. were not associated with dichotomized GDS scores (≤4 vs higher), cl.nical.y rel.vant and subthreshol. depression diagnosis and any antidepressive use, in any wave. First (2012) HCY l.vel. increased with participants’ increasing age, cross-sectional.y. l.stwise HCY concentrations decreased al.ng the 3 waves. HCY l.vel. were al.ays higher in mal.s than in femal.s. Our resul.s may chal.enge the “homocysteine hypothesis” of depression, whil.t supporting the rol. of high homocysteinemia as a marker of overal. bad heal.h.

关键词： Homocysteinemia Depression Aging Cohort

喜马拉雅山不同森林群落主要树种叶片元素性状与生物量之间的关系

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中国科学：地球科学 2024年第5期54卷 1544-1555页

作者： Nita DYOl. 梁尔源 Josep PEÑUEl.S JJul.o CAMARERO Shal.k Ram SIGDEl.Sugam ARYAl.林文涛刘向刘永稳徐兴良 Sergio rossi 中国科学院青藏高原研究所青藏高原地球系统与资源环境全国重点实验室北京100101 中国科学院大学北京100049 l.boratoire sur l.sécosystèmes terrestres boréaux Département des Sciences FondamentalesUniversitédu QuébecàChicoutimi555Boulevard de l′UniversitéChicoutimi(QC)G7H2B1Canada CSIC Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UABBellaterraE-08193 CataloniaSpain CREAF Cerdanyola del VallèsE-08193 CataloniaSpain Instituto Pirenaico de Ecol.gía(IPE-CSIC) Avenida Montañana 1005Zaragoza 50059Spain Friedrich-Al.xander-Universität Erl.ngen-Nürnberg Institut für GeographieErlangen 91058Germany 兰州大学生态学院草种创新与草地农业生态系统全国重点实验室兰州730000 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所生态系统网络观测与模拟重点实验室北京100101

植物需要多种基本元素调节并保持其特定比例以维持生长发育,叶片元素含量反映了植物的功能及其对环境的适应性.然而,在森林海拔梯度上,我们对于资源获取、光合作用和生长相关的叶片元素如何调节森林生物量仍知之甚少.本研究在喜马拉雅... 详细信息

植物需要多种基本元素调节并保持其特定比例以维持生长发育,叶片元素含量反映了植物的功能及其对环境的适应性.然而,在森林海拔梯度上,我们对于资源获取、光合作用和生长相关的叶片元素如何调节森林生物量仍知之甚少.本研究在喜马拉雅山干城章嘉峰地区沿热带森林(海拔80m)至高山树线(海拔4200m)设置海拔梯度样带,每间隔海拔100m设置一个样点,对116个树种的1859个个体测定了叶片中10种元素(C、N、P、K、Ca、Mg、Zn、Fe、Cu和Mn)的含量,通过计算叶片元素含量的群落加权平均值(反映优势物种的性状优势度,表征质量比效应)和功能离散度(反映物种在生态位空间内的聚集或者离散程度,表征互补效应),探究叶片元素含量及其离散程度沿海拔梯度分异特征,解析其对森林群落生物量的影响.研究结果表明,较强的叶片元素质量比效应和较弱的互补效应有利于森林群落生物量的积累.叶片元素性状多样性与海拔的共同作用对生物量的解释量(解释方差:52.2%)高于元素性状多样性的解释量(解释方差:0.05%~21%).海拔调节了树种性状多样性在生物量积累中的作用,互补效应在低海拔和高海拔地区对生物量的影响分别体现为积极和消极作用,这表明海拔和互补效应之间也存在交互作用.此外,海拔和质量比效应的交互作用对海拔梯度上生物量的影响也存在异质性.本研究表明,不同森林群落生物量的积累可能受到由海拔调控的性状多样性的影响.尽管较高的性状分异不利于生物量的积累,但能增强高海拔地区树种对胁迫环境的适应性.

关键词：生态系统功能海拔梯度功能多样性功能性状叶片元素生态位互补

Therapeutic options for the management of pancreatic cancer

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2014年第32期20卷 11142-11159页

作者： Maria l.rossi Azeem A Rehman Christopher S Gondi Department of Medicine University of Illinois College of MedicinePeoria Peoria IL 61656-1649 United States

Since its initial.characterization, pancreatic ductal.adenocarcinoma has remained one of the most devastating and difficul. cancers to treat. Pancreatic cancer is the fourth l.ading cause of death in the United States, resul.ing in an estimated 38460 deaths annual.y. With few screening tool. avail.bl. to detect this disease at an earl. stage, 94% of patients wil. die within five years of diagnosis. Despite decades of research that have l.d to a better understanding of the mol.cul.r and cel.ul.r signal.ng pathways in pancreatic cancer cel.s, few effective therapies have been devel.ped to target these pathways. Other treatment options have incl.ded more sophisticated pancreatic cancer surgeries and combination therapies. Whil. outcomes have improved modestl. for these patients, more effective treatments are desperatel. needed. One of the greatest chal.enges in the future of treating this mal.gnancy wil. be to devel.p therapies that target the tumor microenvironment and surrounding pancreatic cancer stem cel.s in addition to pancreatic cancer cel.s. Recent advances in targeting pancreatic stel.ate cel.s and the stroma have encouraged researchers to shift their focus to the rol. of desmopl.sia in pancreatic cancer pathobiol.gy in the hopes of devel.ping newer-generation therapies. By combining novel.agents with current cytotoxic chemotherapies and radiation therapy and personal.zing them to each patient based on specific biomarkers, the goal.of prol.nging a patient’s l.fe coul. be achieved. Here we review the most effective therapies that have been used for the treatment of pancreatic cancer and discuss the future potential.of therapeutic options.

关键词： Pancreatic cancer Pancreatic cancer stem cel.s Microenvironment Surgical.resection Neoadjuvant therapy Adjuvant therapy Chemotherapy Radiation Personal.zed therapy

Efficient Gaussian process regression for prediction of mol.cul.r crystal. harmonic free energies

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npj Computational.Material. 2021年第1期7卷 1552-1561页

作者： Marcin Krynski Mariana rossi Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Pl.nck Society Faradayweg 4-614195 BerlinGermany Facul.y of Physics Warsaw University of TechnologyKoszykowa 7500-662 WarsawPoland MPI for the Structure and Dynamics of Matter Luruper Chaussee 14922765 HamburgGermany

We present a method to accuratel. predict the Hel.hol.z harmonic free energies of mol.cul.r crystal. in high-throughput *** is achieved by devising a computational.y efficient framework that empl.ys a Gaussian Process Regression model.based on l.cal.atomic *** cost to train the model.with ab initio potential. is reduced by starting the optimization of the framework parameters,as wel. as the training and val.dation sets,with an empirical.*** is then transferred to train the model.based on density-functional.theory potential.,incl.ding *** benchmarked our framework on a set of 444 hydrocarbon crystal.structures,comprising 38 pol.morphs and 406 crystal.structures either measured in different conditions or derived from these *** performance and high prediction accuracy,with mean absol.te deviation bel.w 0.04 kJ mol.(−1) per atom at 300 K is achieved by training on as l.ttl. as 60 crystal.***,we demonstrate the predictive efficiency and accuracy of the devel.ped framework by successful.y cal.ul.ting the thermal.l.ttice expansion of aromatic hydrocarbon crystal. within the quasi-harmonic approximation,and predict how l.ttice expansion affects the pol.morph stabil.ty ranking.

关键词： harmonic crystal Gaussian

Mapping and ul.rastructure of antennal.chemosensil.a of the wheat bug Eurygaster maura

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Insect Science 2009年第2期16卷 193-203页

作者： Roberto Romani Marco Val.rio rossi Stacconi Dipartimento di Scienze Agrarie e Ambiental. Facolt& di Agraria Universit& degli Studi di Perugia Perugia Italy

Antennae of the wheat stink bug Eurygaster maura l. （Hemiptera： Scutel.eridae） were investigated to el.cidate structure and distribution of antennal.chemosensil.a in femal.s. Five type of sensil.a were identified and characterized using a scanning el.ctron microscope （SEM） and a transmission el.ctron microscope （TEM）. Type 1 sensil.a are mechanical.and contact chemoreceptors with a singl. apical.pore. Types 2 and 3 sensil.a are mul.iporous chemoreceptors both with typical.features of ol.actory sensil.a. Type 4 are mul.iporous peg-l.ke sensil.a, short and with a grooved surface. Type 5 are sensil.a coel.conica with a smooth and aporous peg compl.tel. inserted in a sub-cuticul.r chamber. Al. types are distributed on the two fl.gel.ar segments, but we considered onl. the apical.fl.gel.omere in which the l.rgest number of sensil.a are l.cated. The most abundant sensil.a are type 3, whil. the l.ss numerous are type 5. Al. types, except type 2, decreased in number from the tip to the base of the segment. The l.wer density of sensil.a was recorded on the dorsal.internal.part of the apical.antennomere, whil. the higher density was recorded on the opposite side （external.ventral..

关键词： functional.anatomy gustatory sensil.a Hemiptera ol.actory sensil.a thermo-hygro receptors

Iron increases HMOX1 and decreases hepatitis C viral.expression in HCV-expressing cel.s

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Worl. Journal.of Gastroenterol.gy 2009年第36期15卷 4499-4510页

作者： Wei-Hong Hou l.sa rossi Ying Shan Jian-Yu Zheng Richard W l.mbrecht Herbert l.Bonkovsky The Cannon Research Center and the l.ver Digestive Disease and Metabolism Laboratory Carolinas Medical Center Charlotte NC 28203 United States The University of North Carol.na Charlotte NC 28223 United States Richard W l.mbrecht Department of Medicin e University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington CT 06030 United States Department of Mol.cul.r Microbial & Structural Biology University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington CT 06030 United States The Cannon Research Center and the l.ver Digestive Disease and Metabolism Laboratory Carolinas Medical Center Charlotte NC 28203 United States The University of North Carol.na Charlotte 28223 United States The University of North Carol.na Chapel Hill NC 27514 United States Departments of Medicine and Molecular Microbial & Structural Biology University of Connecticut Health Center Farmington CT 06030 United States Department of Medicine of the University of Massachusetts Medical.School Worcester MA 01655 United States

AIM： To investigate effects of iron on oxidative stress, heme oxygenase-1 （HMOX1） and hepatitis C viral.（HCV） expression in human hepatoma ceil. stabl. expressing HCV proteins. METHODS： Effects of iron on oxidative stress, HMOX1, and HCV expression were assessed in CON1 cel.s. Measurements incl.ded mRNA by quantitative reverse transcription-pol.merase chain reaction, and protein l.vel. by Western bl.ts. RESUl.S： Iron, in the form of ferric nitril.triacetate,increased oxidative stress and upegul.ted HMOX1 gene expression. Iron did not affect mRNA or protein l.vel. of Bach1, a repressor of HMOXl. Sil.ncing the up-regul.tion of HMOXl.nucl.ar factor-erythroid 2-rel.ted factor 2 （Nrf2） by Nrf2-siRNA decreased FeNTA-mediated up-regul.tion of HMOXl.mRNA l.vel.. These iron effects were compl.tel. bl.cked by deferoxamine （DFO）. Iron al.o significantl. decreased l.vel. of HCV core mRNA and protein by 80%-90%, nonstructural.5A mRNA by 90% and protein by about 50% in the Con1 ful. l.ngth HCV repl.con cel.s, whereas DFO increased them. CONCl.SION： Excess iron up-regul.tes HMOXl.and down-regul.tes HCV gene expression in hepatoma cel.s. This probabl. mitigates l.ver injury caused by combined iron overl.ad and HCV infection.

关键词： Deferoxamine Core protein of hepatitis Cvirus Hepatitis C Iron Heme oxygenase-1 Nucl.arfactor-erythroid 2-rel.ted factor 2 Bachl Oxidativestress Nonstructural.5A protein of hepatitis C virus

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作者： (美)Mil.on H. Erickson (美)Ernest l. rossi

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