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Uncovering the genetic diversity of Giardia intestinalis in isolates from outbreaks in New Zealand

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Infectious Diseases of Poverty 2022年第3期11卷 27-36页

作者： paul Ogbuigwe Patrick j.Biggs j.an Carlos Garcia-Ramirez matthew A.Knox Anthony Pita Niluka Velathanthiri Nigel P.French David T.S.Hayman School of Veterinary Science Massey UniversityPalmerston NorthManawatu-WanganuiNew Zealand School of Natural Sciences Massey UniversityPalmerston NorthManawatu-WanganuiNew Zealand

Background:Giardia intestinalis is one of the most common causes of diarrhoea worldwide. Molecular techniques have greatly improved our understanding of the taxonomy and epidemiology of this parasite. Co-infection with mixed (sub-) assemblages has been reported, however, Sanger sequencing is sometimes unable to identify shared subtypes between samples involved in the same epidemiologically linked event, due to samples showing multiple dominant subtypes within the same outbreak. Here, we aimed to use a metabarcoding approach to uncover the genetic diversity within samples from sporadic and outbreak cases of giardiasis to characterise the subtype diversity, and determine if there are common sequences shared by epidemiologically linked cases that are missed by Sanger ***:We built a database with 1109 unique glutamate dehydrogenase (gdh) locus sequences covering most of the assemblages of G. intestinalis and used gdh metabarcoding to analyse 16 samples from sporadic and outbreak cases of giardiasis that occurred in New Zealand between 2010 and ***:There is considerable diversity of subtypes of G. intestinalis present in each sample. The utilisation of metabarcoding enabled the identification of shared subtypes between samples from the same outbreak. Multiple variants were identified in 13 of 16 samples, with Assemblage B variants most common, and Assemblages E and A present in mixed ***:This study showed that G. intestinalis infections in humans are frequently mixed, with multiple subtypes present in each host. Shared sequences among epidemiologically linked cases not identified through Sanger sequencing were detected. Considering the variation in symptoms observed in cases of giardiasis, and the potential link between symptoms and (sub-) assemblages, the frequency of mixed infections could have implications for our understanding of host–pathogen interactions.

关键词： DNA sequencing Epidemiology Genetic diversity Giardiasis Metabarcoding

Accounting principles / j.rry j. Weygandt, Donald E. Kieso, paul D. Kimmel. 6th ed.

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Limosilactobacillus mucosae FZj.Z26M3 prevents NAFLD in mice through modulation of lipid metabolism and gut microbiota dysbiosis

2002年

作者： j.rry j. Weygandt Donald E. Kieso paul D. Kimmel.

Includes indexes.

ISBN: (数字)0471382280

ISBN: (纸本)0471382280

Includes indexes.

关键词： Accounting.

来源：畅想之星图书光盘版（南... 评论

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Food Science and Human Wellness 2024年第3期13卷 1589-1601页

作者： Danting Dang Bowen Li Mengfan Ding Rpaul Ross Catherine Stanton j.anxin Zhao Bo Yang Wei Chen State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China School of Food Science and Technology Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China International j.int Research Center for Probiotics&Gut Health Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China APC Microbiome Ireland University College CorkCork T12 YT20Ireland Teagasc Food Research Centre MooreparkFermoyCork T12 YT20Ireland National Engineering Research Center for Functional Food Jiangnan UniversityWuxi 214122China

Lactobacillus are considered promising therapeutic methods for nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD).The effects of two strains of Ltmosilactobacillus mucosae on NAFLD were investigated in this ***-old male C57BL/6j.mice were divided into 4 groups(n=8 per group,Control,Model,FZj.Z26M3,FGSYC17L3).*** FZj.Z26M3 reduced the mice 's body weight,liver weight,and adipose tissue weight after 12 weeks of *** to serum analysis,total cholesterol,triacylglycerol,and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol significantly decreased after *** FZj.Z26M3 *** pathology showed that *** FZj.Z26M3 was effective to ameliorate lipid deposition in NAFLD ***,the expression of the gene related to lipid metabolism in the liver and adipose tissue was analyzed,and the results indicated that *** FZj.Z26M3 could alleviate NAFLD by regulating lipid ***,the results of 16S rRNA gene sequencing revealed a drop in the relative abundance of Ruminococcaceae,which is linked to inflammation,but the relative abundance of a potential probiotic Akkermansia significantly increased after *** FZj.Z26M3 ***,*** FZj.Z26M3 could be a candidate to prevent NAFLD.

关键词： Limosilactobacillus mucosae Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) Probiotic Lipid metabolism Gut microbiota

A Rare Case of Concordant Atrioventricular Connection to L-Looped Ventricles in Situs Solitus:4-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging and 3D Printing

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Congenital Heart Disease 2022年第4期17卷 387-392页

作者： Gregory Perens Takegawa Yoshida j.paul Finn UCLA Mattel Children’s Hospital Children’s Heart CenterLos AngelesCAUSA Diagnostic Cardiovascular Imaging Laboratory Department of Radiology12222 David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLALos AngelesCAUSA

An infant male presented with the rare anatomy consisting of situs solitus,concordant atrioventricular connections to L-looped ventricles,double outlet right ventricle(DORV),and hypoplastic aortic arch.6 months after neonatal aortic arch repair,the morphologic right ventricle function deteriorated,and surgical evaluation was undertaken to determine if either biventricular repair with a systemic morphologic left ventricle or right ventricular exclusion was *** initial echocardiography,magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)was used to create detailed axial and 4-dimensional(4D)images and 3-dimensional(3D)printed *** detailed anatomy of this rare,complex case and its use in pre-surgical planning is presented.

关键词： Magnetic resonance imaging cardiac segments 3D printing

Modified EASL-CLIF criteria that is easier to use and perform better to prognosticate acute-on-chronic liver failure

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World j.urnal of Hepatology 2022年第2期14卷 420-428页

作者： paul j.Thuluvath Feng Li Institute of Digestive Health and Liver Diseases Mercy Medical CenterBaltimoreMD 21202United States Department of Medicine University of Maryland School of MedicineBaltimoreMD 21202United States

BACKGROUND We have recently shown that the European Association for the Study of the Liver-Chronic Liver Failure Consortium(EASL-CLIF)criteria showed a better sensitivity to detect acute-on-chronic liver failure(ACLF)with a better prognostic capability than the North American Consortium for the Study of End-Stage Liver Disease *** To simplify EASL-CLIF criteria for ease of use without sacrificing its sensitivity and prognostic *** Using the United Network for Organ Sharing data(j.nuary 11,2016,to August 31,2020),we modified EASL-CLIF(mEACLF)criteria;the modified mEACLF criteria included six organ failures(OF)as in the original EASL-CLIF,but renal failure was defined as creatinine≥2.35 mg/dL and coagulation failure was defined as international normalized ratio(INR)≥*** mEACLF grades(0,1,2,and≥3)directly reflected the number of *** Of the 40357 patients,14044 had one or more OF,and 9644 had ACLF grades 1-3 by EASL-CLIF *** the mEACLF criteria,15574 patients had one or more *** area under the receiver operating characteristic(AUROC)for 30-d allcause mortality by OF was 0.842(95%CI:0.831-0.853)for mEACLF and 0.835(95%CI:0.824-0.846)for EASL-CLIF(P=0.006),and AUROC for 30-d transplantfree mortality by OF was 0.859(95%CI:0.849-0.869)for mEACLF and 0.851(95%CI:0.840-0.861)for EASL-CLIF(P=0.001).The AUROC of 30-d all-cause mortality by ACLF grades was 0.842(95%CI:0.831-0.853)for mEACLF and 0.793(95%CI:0.781-0.806)for EASL-CLIF(P<0.0001).The AUROC of 30-d transplant-free mortality by ACLF was 0.859(95%CI:0.848-0.869)for mEACLF and 0.805(95%CI:0.793-0.817)for EASL-CLIF(P<0.0001).CONCLUSION Our study showed that EASL-CLIF criteria for ACLF grades could be simplified for ease of use without losing its prognostication capability and sensitivity.

关键词： Acute on chronic liver failure Organ failure 30-d transplant-free mortality Liver transplantation EASL-CLIF criteria

A database of experimentally measured lithium solid electrolyte conductivities evaluated with machine learning

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npj.Computational Materials 2023年第1期9卷 2265-2278页

作者： Cameron j.Hargreaves Michael W.Gaultois Luke M.Daniels Emma j.Watts Vitaliy A.Kurlin Michael Moran Yun Dang Rhun Morris Alexandra Morscher Kate Thompson matthew A.Wright Beluvalli-Eshwarappa Prasad Frédéric Blanc Chris M.Collins Catriona A.Crawford Benj.min B.Duff j.e Evans j.cinthe Gamon Guopeng Han Bernhard T.Leube Hongj.n Niu Arnaud j.Perez Aris Robinson Oliver Rogan paul M.Sharp Elvis Shoko Manel Sonni William j.Thomas Andrij.Vasylenko Lu Wang matthew j.Rosseinsky matthew S.Dyer Department of Chemistry University of LiverpoolLiverpool L697ZDUK Leverhulme Research Centre for Functional Materials Design Materials Innovation FactoryUniversity of LiverpoolLiverpool L73NYUK Department of Computer Science University of LiverpoolLiverpool L693BXUK Stephenson Institute for Renewable Energy University of LiverpoolLiverpool L697ZFUK

The application of machine learning models to predict material properties is determined by the availability of high-quality *** present an expert-curated dataset of lithium ion conductors and associated lithium ion conductivities measured by *** *** dataset has 820 entries collected from 214 sources;entries contain a chemical composition,an expert-assigned structural label,and ionic conductivity at a specific temperature(from 5 to 873°C).There are 403 unique chemical compositions with an associated ionic conductivity near room temperature(15–35°C).The materials contained in this dataset are placed in the context of compounds reported in the Inorganic Crystal Structure Database with unsupervised machine learning and the Element Movers *** dataset is used to train a CrabNet-based classifier to estimate whether a chemical composition has high or low ionic *** classifier is a practical tool to aid experimentalists in prioritizing candidates for further investigation as lithium ion conductors.

关键词： spectroscopy lithium classifier

Mechanically durable,super-repellent 3D printed microcell/nanoparticle surfaces

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Nano Research 2022年第6期15卷 5678-5686页

作者： Saj.d Haghanifar Anthony j.Galante Mehdi Zarei j.n Chen Susheng Tan paul W Leu Department of Industrial Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Mechanical Engineering and Materials Science University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering and Peterson Institute of NanoScience and Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA Department of Chemical Engineering University of PittsburghPittsburghPA 15261USA

Three-dimensional(3D)printed re-entrant micropillars have demonstrated high static contact angles for an unprecedented variety of liquids,but have yet to achieve this with low contact angle hysteresis and excellent abrasion *** report on the demonstration of 3D printed microcell/nanoparticle structures that exhibit high static contact angle,low contact angle hysteresis,and high mechanical *** and microcells both exhibit high static contact angles with water and ethylene glycol(EG),but suffer from high contact angle hysteresis,indicative of rose petal *** modeling results indicate that micropillars are able to achieve higher static contact angle and breakthrough pressure simultaneously compared with ***,simulations also indicate that micropillars have higher maximum equivalent stress at their bases,so that they are more prone to mechanical *** address contact angle hysteresis and mechanical durability issues by the creation of 3D printed microcell/nanoparticle arrays that demonstrate super-repellency and retain their super-repellency after 100 cycles of mechanical abrasion with a Scotch-Brite abrasive pad under a pressure of 1.2 *** use of interconnected microcell structures as opposed to micropillars addresses mechanical durability *** contact angle hysteresis is realized by coating 3D printed structures with low surface energy nanoparticles,which lowers the solid–liquid contact area *** results demonstrate new 3D printed structures with mechanical durability and super-repellency through the use of microcell structures integrated with fluorinated nanoparticles.

关键词： superomniphobicity three-dimensional(3D)printing surface evolver mechanical durability microcell re-entrant micropillar

Three-dimensional simulation of liquid inj.ction,film formation and transport,in fluidized beds

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Particuology 2009年第5期7卷 337-346页

作者： paul Zhao Peter j. O'Rourke Dale Snider CPFD Software LLCAlbuquerqueNM 87111USA CFD d'OR Software and Consulting LLCLos AlamosNM 87544USA

Liquid inj.ction, and film formation and transport in dense-phase gas-solids fluidized beds are numerically simulated in three dimensions using a collisional exchange model that is based on the mechanism that collisions cause transfer of liquid mass, momentum, and energy between particles. In the model, each of the particles is represented by a solid core and a liquid film surrounding the core. The model is incorporated in the framework of the commercial code Barracuda developed by CPFD Software. The commercial software is an advanced CFD-based computational tool where the particles are treated as discrete entities, calculated by the MP-PIC method, and tracked using the Lagrangian method. Details of the collisional liquid transfer model have been previously presented in O＇Rourke, Zhao, and Snider （2009）; this paper presents new capabilities and proof-testing of the collision model and a new method to better quantify the penetration length. Example calculations of a fluidized bed without liquid inj.ction show the expected effect of collisions on the reduction of granular temperature （fluctuational kinetic energy） of the bed. When applied to liquid inj.ction into a dense-phase fluidized bed under different conditions, the model predicts liquid penetration lengths comparable to the experiments. In addition, the simulation reveals for the first time the dynamic mixing of the liquid droplets with the bed particles and the transient distribution of the droplets inside the bed.

关键词： MP-PIC Liquid inj.ction Fluidized bed Particle collisions CPFD j.t penetration

Strategic comparison of membrane-assisted and membrane-less water electrolyzers and their potential application in direct seawater splitting(DSS)

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Green Energy & Environment 2023年第4期8卷 989-1005页

作者： Abdul Malek Xu Lu paul R.Shearing Dan j.L.Brett Guanj.e He Clean Combustion Research Center(CCRC) Physical Science and Engineering Division(PSE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia KAUST Solar Center(KSC) Physical Science and Engineering Division(PSE)King Abdullah University of Science and Technology(KAUST)Thuwal 23955-6900Kingdom of Saudi Arabia School of Engineering and Materials Science Queen Mary University of LondonMile End RoadLondon E14NSUK Department of Chemical Engineering University College London(UCL)Gower StLondon WC1E 6BTUnited Kingdom

Electrocatalytic splitting of water by means of renewable energy as the electricity supply is one of the most promising methods for storing green renewable energy as hydrogen. Although two-thirds of the earth’s surface is covered with water, there is inadequacy of freshwater in most parts of the world. Hence, splitting seawater instead of freshwater could be a truly sustainable alternative. However, direct seawater splitting faces challenges because of the complex composition of seawater. The composition, and hence, the local chemistry of seawater may vary depending on its origin, and in most cases, tracking of the side reactions and standardizing and customizing the catalytic process will be an extra challenge. The corrosion of catalysts and competitive side reactions due to the presence of various inorganic and organic pollutants create challenges for developing stable electro-catalysts. Hence, seawater splitting generally involves a two-step process, i.e., purification of seawater using reverse osmosis and then subsequent fresh water splitting. However, this demands two separate chambers and larger space, and increases complexity of the reactor design. Recently, there have been efforts to directly split seawater without the reverse osmosis step. Herein, we represent the most recent innovative approaches to avoid the two-step process, and compare the potential application of membrane-assisted and membrane-less electrolyzers in direct seawater splitting(DSS). We particularly discuss the device engineering, and propose a novel electrolyzer design strategies for concentration gradient based membrane-less microfluidic electrolyzer.

关键词： Electrocatalytic seawater splitting Direct seawater splitting Osmosis Concentration cells Membrane-less electrolyzer Microfluidic electrolyzer